Efficiency of Promoters of Human Genes and at Organism Level in a Model.

The identification of tissue-specific promoters for gene therapeutic constructs is one of the aims of complex tumor therapy. The genes encoding the fibroblast activation protein () and the connective tissue growth factor () can function in tumor-associated stromal cells but are practically inactive in normal adult cells. Accordingly, the promoters of these genes can be used to develop vectors targeted to the tumor microenvironment.

Seasonal Dynamics of Fruit Flies (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Forests of the European Russia.

(1) Background: Seasonal dynamics of the abundance and species diversity of various insect groups is of great importance for understanding their life cycles; (2) Methods: In our study, Drosophilidae species and their seasonal changes in Mordovia State Nature Reserve were explored. We collected the flies by crown fermental traps in five types of forests (birch, aspen, linden, pine and oak) since May to October in 2019. (3) Results: A total of 4725 individuals belonging to 9 genera and 30 species of drosophilid flies were identified, among them 15 species in 3 genera are new to the Republic of Mordovia.

Post-fire insect fauna explored by crown fermental traps in forests of the European Russia.

Wildfires considerably affect forest ecosystems. However, there is a lack of data on the post-fire status of insect communities in these ecosystems. This paper presents results of a study conducted in 2019 which considered the post-fire status of the insect fauna in a Protected Area, Mordovia State Nature Reserve (Republic of Mordovia, centre of European Russia), considered as regional hotspot of insect diversity in Mordovia.

[Development of early diagnosis of Parkinson's disease based on the search for biomarkers such as premotor symptoms and changes in blood].

Objective: To determine changes in the chemical composition of blood plasma in subjects at risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) at the prodromal stage compared with age control.

Material And Methods: Subjects at risk were selected for the presence of characteristic premotor symptoms, including impairments of sleep, olfaction and constipation.The risk group included 12 people, the control group - 8 people.

The Behavioral and Neurochemical Aspects of the Interaction between Antidepressants and Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress.

The behavioral and neurochemical effects of amitriptyline (10 mg/kg, i.p.) and fluoxetine (20 mg/kg, i.

The Role of Two-Pore Channels in Norepinephrine-Induced [Ca] Rise in Rat Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells and Aorta Contraction.

Second messenger nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) triggers Ca release via two-pore channels (TPCs) localized in endolysosomal vesicles. The aim of the present work is to evaluate the role of TPCs in the action of norepinephrine (NE), angiotensin II (AngII), vasopressin (AVP), and 5-hydroxytriptamine (5-HT) on free cytoplasmic calcium concentration ([Ca]) in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) isolated from rat aorta and on aorta contraction. To address this issue, the NAADP structural analogue and inhibitor of TPCs, NED 19, was applied.

Enhancement by Hydrogen Peroxide of Calcium Signals in Endothelial Cells Induced by 5-HT1B and 5-HT2B Receptor Agonists.

Hydrogen peroxide, formed in the endothelium, acts as a factor contributing to the relaxation of blood vessels. The reason for this vasodilatory effect could be modulation by HO of calcium metabolism, since mobilization of calcium ions in endothelial cells is a trigger of endothelium-dependent relaxation. The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of HO on the effects of Ca-mobilizing agonists in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).

Mitogenome phylogeographic analysis of a planktonic crustacean.

Phylogeography places population genetics in an explicitly spatial context, and in doing so attempts to reconstruct the historical and contemporary evolutionary processes acting across a species range through space and time. Here we present the phylogeographical structure of Daphnia magna as determined for full mitochondrial genomes from samples of 60 populations throughout much of the species known range, including Europe, the Middle East, and Asia. Contrary to previous analyses, the present analysis of the mitochondrial genome reveals coarse-grained (continental scale) evidence for spatial structure, and in particular a deep split between Western Eurasia and East Asian D.

Markers and Biomarkers of Endothelium: When Something Is Rotten in the State.

Endothelium is a community of endothelial cells (ECs), which line the blood and lymphatic vessels, thus forming an interface between the tissues and the blood or lympha. This strategic position of endothelium infers its indispensable functional role in controlling vasoregulation, haemostasis, and inflammation. The state of endothelium is simultaneously the cause and effect of many diseases, and this is coupled with modifications of endothelial phenotype represented by markers and with biochemical profile of blood represented by biomarkers.

The Effect of Dopamine Secreted by the Brain into the Systemic Circulation on Prolactin Synthesis by the Pituitary gland in Ontogenesis.

This research was aimed at studying the brain's endocrine function in ontogenesis. It has been previously shown in our laboratory that the brain serves as the source of dopamine in the systemic circulation of rats prior to the formation of the blood-brain barrier. This paper provides direct evidence that dopamine secreted by the brain directly into the systemic circulation in this period of ontogenesis has an inhibitory effect on prolactin secretion by pituitary cells.

Fast evolution from precast bricks: genomics of young freshwater populations of threespine stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus.

Adaptation is driven by natural selection; however, many adaptations are caused by weak selection acting over large timescales, complicating its study. Therefore, it is rarely possible to study selection comprehensively in natural environments. The threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) is a well-studied model organism with a short generation time, small genome size, and many genetic and genomic tools available.