Advancing Therapeutic Strategies with Polymeric Drug Conjugates for Nucleic Acid Delivery and Treatment.

The effective clinical translation of messenger RNA (mRNA), small interfering RNA (siRNA), and microRNA (miRNA) for therapeutic purposes hinges on the development of efficient delivery systems. Key challenges include their susceptibility to degradation, limited cellular uptake, and inefficient intracellular release. Polymeric drug conjugates (PDCs) offer a promising solution, combining the benefits of polymeric carriers and therapeutic agents for targeted delivery and treatment.

Cybersecurity Solutions for Industrial Internet of Things-Edge Computing Integration: Challenges, Threats, and Future Directions.

This paper provides the complete details of current challenges and solutions in the cybersecurity of cyber-physical systems (CPS) within the context of the IIoT and its integration with edge computing (IIoT-edge computing). We systematically collected and analyzed the relevant literature from the past five years, applying a rigorous methodology to identify key sources. Our study highlights the prevalent IIoT layer attacks, common intrusion methods, and critical threats facing IIoT-edge computing environments.

Investigation of Spray Drying Parameters to Formulate Novel Spray-Dried Proliposome Powder Formulations Followed by Their Aerosolization Performance.

Background: Spray drying, whilst a popularly employed technique for powder formulations, has limited applications for large-scale proliposome manufacture.

Objectives: Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate spray drying parameters, such as inlet temperature (80, 120, 160, and 200 °C), airflow rate (357, 473, and 601 L/h) and pump feed rate (5, 15, and 25%), for individual carbohydrate carriers (trehalose, lactose monohydrate (LMH), and mannitol) for 24 spray-dried (SD) formulations (F1-F24).

Methods: Following optimization, the SD parameters were trialed on proliposome formulations based on the same carriers and named as spray-dried proliposome (SDP) formulations.

Investigating the Synergistic Interactions Between AgNPs and NiCl on the Morpho-Physiological Trajectories of Zea mays L. Through Comprehensive Characterization at Seedling Stage.

Green synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) is preferred for its affordability and environmentally friendly approach. This study explored the synthesis and characterization of silver NPs (AgNPs) and examined their impact on the growth of Zea mays, both alone and in combination with nickel chloride (NiCl). A methanolic leaf extract was combined with silver nitrate to synthesize AgNPs.

Evaluation of efficacy of GCSF in reducing neutropenia among carcinoma patients undergoing anti-cancer chemotherapy. A prospective cohort study.

The use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) to control febrile neutropenia (FN) caused by anti-cancer chemotherapy is well documented but it still needs to evaluated with respect to the specific type of cancer and chemotherapeutic agents. The present study evaluates the efficacy of adjunctive GCSF for treating FN after taking anticancer therapy by measuring clinical, hematological and microbiological outcomes. It is a single center study conducted at Hayatabad Medical Complex (HMC), Peshawar, Pakistan.

Impact of climate change on women mental health in rural hinterland of Pakistan.

Background: Climate change significantly impacts global well-being, with rural and agricultural communities, particularly women, bearing a disproportionate burden. In Pakistan's Malakand Division, women face increased mental health challenges due to environmental stressors such as temperature rise, extreme weather, and environmental degradation. These stressors are expected to exacerbate issues like stress, anxiety, and depression.

Uncovering the impact of outliers on clusters' evolution in temporal data-sets: an empirical analysis.

This study investigates the impact of outliers on the evolution of clusters in temporal data-sets. Monitoring and tracing cluster transitions of temporal data sets allow us to observe how clusters evolve and change over time. By tracking the movement of data points between clusters, we can gain insights into the underlying patterns, trends, and dynamics of the data.

Advanced Computational Insights Into Cs₂NaScX₆ (X = Cl, Br) ₆ Double Perovskites: Structural Stability, Elastic Properties, and Optical Characteristics for Next-Generation Photovoltaics.

We investigate the comprehensive analysis's structural, electronic, optical, and elastic properties of Cs₂NaScX₆ (X = Cl, Br) double perovskites using density functional theory (DFT) implemented by the WIEN2k code. The results show that both compounds are in cubic phases. The calculated tolerance factors show both are stable compounds.

Fabrication and evaluation of chondroitin sulfate based hydrogels loaded with chitosan nanoparticles for oral delivery of vildagliptin.

Vildagliptin is a drug of choice in type II diabetes mellitus that suffers from limitations like short half-life with reduced bioavailability. To improve the therapeutic performance of vildagliptin, this study aimed to synthesize chitosan nanoparticles (NPs) loaded hydrogel by using biological polysaccharides like sodium alginate (SA) and chondroitin sulfate (CS). The NPs were prepared by ionic gelation method and various characterization tests like surface morphology, size and zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, and in-vitro drug release studies were performed.

Metabolomics and Anticancer Potential of the Aerial Parts of Dryopteris ramosa against Cancerous Cell Lines Assisted with Advanced Computational Approaches.

Introduction: Dryopteris ramosa is a high-altitude plant of moist and shady habitat. Its aerial parts are edible and orally administered as an antibiotic and effective aphrodisiac. They are also used as pesticides, astringents, and febrifuges.

Ameliorated delivery of amphotericin B to macrophages using chondroitin sulfate surface-modified liposome nanoparticles.

Background: The neglected tropical disease leishmaniasis has significant adverse effects from current treatments and limited therapeutic options are currently available.

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a surface-modified nano-liposomal drug delivery system, anchored with chondroitin sulfate (CS), to effectively transport Amphotericin B (AmB) to macrophages.

Methods: Conventional liposome formulations (CL-F) and CS-coated surface-modified liposome formulations (CS-SML-F) were formulated by the thin film hydration method and characterized for particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency with long-term stability.

Synthesis and evaluation of drug-loaded silver nanoparticles as hemostatic agents to halt uncontrolled bleeding.

Objective: The aim of this research study was to formulate a cost-effective, stable, less toxic and more efficacious intravenous nanoformulation that could rapidly augment the process of hemostasis.

Significance: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) evoked platelet activation, whereas alum (AM) neutralized the plasma proteins, causing blood coagulation. Tranexamic acid (TA) inhibited fibrinolysis and stabilized the formed blood clot.

Toxicity evaluation and degradation of cypermethrin-contaminated soil using biochar and Bacillus cereus amendments.

Cypermethrin (Cyp), a persistent synthetic pyrethroid insecticide widely used for insect control. The persistence of Cyp creates toxicity to both humans and the environment This study investigates biochar and Bacillus cereus distinct and collective effects on Cyp -contaminated soil during a 90-day incubation. This study also investigates the effects of different concentrations of Cyp (50, 100, ,500 to 1000 mg kg) on soil physicochemical and biological activities during a 90-day incubation period.

Interpretable multi-horizon time series forecasting of cryptocurrencies by leverage temporal fusion transformer.

This research delves into the obstacles and difficulties associated with predicting cryptocurrency movements in the volatile global financial market. This study develops and evaluates an advanced Deep Learning-Enhanced Temporal Fusion Transformer (ADE-TFT) model to estimate Bitcoin values more accurately. This research employs cutting-edge artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) techniques to comprehensively examine various aspects of cryptocurrency forecasting, including geopolitical implications, market sentiment analysis, and pattern detection in transactional datasets.

Bismuth sensitized iron oxide on exfoliated graphene oxide (Bi-FeO@GO) for oxygen evaluation reaction.

Electrochemical water splitting is a promising approach towards a sustainable and renewable energy source. However, the demand for high anodic potential and sluggish kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) restrict the efficiency and feasibility of the water-splitting process. In this quest, transition metal oxides and alloys are considered potential candidates owing to their natural occurrence and high redox potential for OER.

Computational proteomics analysis of for the identification of antifungal drug targets and validation with commercial fungicides.

is a plant-pathogenic fungus and a responsible agent for causing peach leaf curl disease. affects peach fruit production and contributes to global economic losses. Commercial fungicides may provide temporary relief; however, their overuse resulted in adverse environmental consequences as well as led to drug-resistant strains of .

Prevalence and associated risk factors of Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis in humans and cattle populations: A comprehensive study.

A zoonotic disease unique to South Asia, brucellosis causes major public health and financial problems, notably in Pakistan. This research aimed to ascertain the molecular frequency of Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis in humans and cattle and to pinpoint related risk factors in the Southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, districts. A total of 800 blood samples, 600 from cattle and 200 from humans, were gathered and examined using traditional PCR targeting the IS711 locus.

Wild food plant knowledge in multicultural peri-urban area of North-Western Punjab, Pakistan.

The use of wild food ingredients has been inextricably linked to each human culture; therefore, any cultural shift or transformation also mutates the knowledge. Particularly cross-cultural interactions have been playing a significant role in reshaping the knowledge within a given community. The study aimed to cross-culturally research the use of wild food plants among four different ethnolinguistic groups, i.

Industrialization meets sustainability: Analysing the role of technological innovations, energy efficiency and urbanisation for major industrialized economies.

Considering how crucial environmental quality is to development, production often takes precedence over the development process when certain macroeconomic policies are being implemented. This phenomenon has been the subject of several studies conducted in various regions and nations. In this context, the recent article explores the nonlinear effects of industrial output, renewable energy, technological innovations, energy efficiency, and urbanization on CO emissions in the top ten industrialized countries.

Burden of congenital and hereditary anomalies and their epidemiological attributes in the pediatric and adult population of Peshawar valley, Pakistan.

Objectives: To elucidate the burden and clinico-epidemiological attributes of congenital and hereditary anomalies (CA) in the extended Peshawar Valley of Pakistan.

Method: This is a multicenter cross sectional study carried out in Buner, Charsadda, Mardan, Nowshera, Peshawar and Swabi districts, during 2017-2021. The pediatric and adult patients with CA were recruited from hospitals, public places and through door-to-door surveys.

Vortex-Assisted Magnetic Solid-Phase Extraction of Heavy Metals in Water and Food Samples Using Iron Oxide Nanoparticle-Impregnated Carboxymethyl-β-Cyclodextrin.

The excessive accumulation of heavy metals has adverse effects on the human body. Here, magnetic iron oxide-impregnated carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin was synthesized. The synthesized material was employed as a magnetic solid-phase extracting adsorbent for specific heavy metals like lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), and cobalt (Co).

Functional potential of chitosan-metal nanostructures: Recent developments and applications.

Chitosan (Cs), a naturally occurring biopolymer, has garnered significant interest due to its inherent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and minimal toxicity. This study investigates the effectiveness of various reaction strategies, including acylation, acetylation, and carboxymethylation, to enhance the solubility profile of Cs. This review provides a detailed examination of the rapidly developing field of Cs-based metal complexes and nanoparticles.

Accelerated discovery of polymer donors for organic solar cells through machine learning: From library creation to performance forecasting.

The design of novel polymer donors for organic solar cells has been a major research focus for decades, but discovering unique materials remains challenging due to the high cost of experimentation. In this study, machine learning models are employed to predict power conversion efficiency (PCE), Mordred descriptors are used for model training. Among the four machine learning models evaluated, the gradient boosting regressor emerged as the best-performing model.