5,568 results match your criteria: "Kobe Pharmaceutical University; 4-19-1 Motoyamakita-machi[Affiliation]"

Usefulness of serial in vivo imaging to directly assess the role of inflammation in thrombus resolution and organization.

Biochem Biophys Res Commun

January 2025

Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutical Science, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Japan.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) remains a significant health problem. Although animal models have provided significant insights into the DVT pathophysiology, time-course assessment in a same animal is technically limited. Recently, we reported a novel murine saphenous DVT model for in vivo visualization of spatiotemporal dynamics of inflammatory cells.

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Purpose: Flotation methods are widely used to detect oocysts/cysts of protozoans and eggs of helminths, except trematodes. However, details regarding the concentration and recovery rates of these parasites are poorly understood.

Methods: Using Eimeria tenella oocysts as a model parasite, the present study evaluated three check points: (1) the proportion of parasites that remain floating in flotation solution (sucrose or saturated saline) during centrifugation, (2) the proportion of oocysts that naturally float after addition of flotation solution after centrifugation, and (3) the rate of recovery on cover slips after completion of the flotation protocol.

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Catalytic acceptorless complete dehydrogenation of cycloalkanes.

Nat Commun

January 2025

Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.

The advancement of an effective hydrogen liberation technology from liquid organic hydrogen carriers, particularly cycloalkanes such as cyclohexane and methylcyclohexane, holds significance in realizing a hydrogen-centric society. However, the attainment of homogeneous catalytic acceptorless dehydrogenation characterized by elevated selectivity for thorough aromatization under mild conditions remains unrealized. In this study, a catalyst system, facilitated by a double hydrogen atom transfer processes, has been devised for the catalytic acceptorless dehydrogenation of inert cycloalkanes at ambient temperature under visible light irradiation.

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Objectives: The lack of definitive biomarkers presents a significant challenge for chemo-immunotherapy in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). We aimed to identify key genes associated with chemo-immunotherapy efficacy in ES-SCLC through comprehensive gene expression analysis using machine learning (ML).

Methods: A prospective multicenter cohort of patients with ES-SCLC who received first-line chemo-immunotherapy was analyzed.

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Development and Healing Process of Severe Radiodermatitis in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer Undergoing Radiotherapy: A Scoping Review.

Nurs Res Pract

December 2024

Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.

To summarize the morphological characteristics and development and healing processes of severe radiodermatitis for examining the factors contributing to the development of severe radiodermatitis in patients with head and neck cancer. This scoping review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews. Data were extracted from selected references describing detailed conditions of severe radiodermatitis in patients with head and neck cancer.

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The NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway is a potential therapeutic target for central nervous system diseases. This review emphasizes the role of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases, highlighting the therapeutic potential of Nrf2 activators such as dimethyl fumarate (DMF). DMF, initially administered for treating psoriasis, has demonstrated efficacy in multiple sclerosis and is metabolized to monomethyl fumarate, which may exert significant therapeutic effects.

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Background: The advantages of robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RA-MIE) over conventional minimally invasive esophagectomy (C-MIE) are unknown. This nationwide large-scale study aimed to compare surgical outcomes between RA-MIE and C-MIE using rigorous propensity score methods, including detailed covariates and relevant outcomes.

Methods: This Japanese nationwide retrospective cohort study included RA-MIE or C-MIE for esophageal malignant tumors performed between October 2018 and December 2019 and registered in the Japanese National Clinical Database.

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A turn-on fluorescent probe containing a β-ketoester moiety for the selective detection of intracellular hydrazine.

RSC Adv

January 2025

Laboratory of Bioorganic & Natural Products Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University 4-19-1, Motoyamakita, Higashinada Kobe Hyogo 658-8558 Japan

Fluorogenic probes containing the β-ketoester structure were developed for selective hydrazine detection. The probe equipped with a cyclopropane moiety, having reduced steric hindrance, showed a higher reaction rate than its dimethyl counterpart. In live cell imaging, the probe detects intracellular hydrazine with minimal cytotoxicity.

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Background/aim: The high mortality rate associated with colon cancer in patients with diabetes is well-established; however, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Here, we investigated the efficacy of modified FOLFOX6 (mFOLFOX6) therapy, which is frequently used in colon cancer treatment, in patients with and without comorbid diabetes.

Patients And Methods: The participants in this retrospective cohort study received mFOLFOX6 therapy as a first-line treatment for incurable/ unresectable and advanced/recurrent colon cancer.

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The relationship between the concomitant use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and elevated prothrombin time-to-international standard ratio (PT-INR) in patients receiving warfarin remains unclear. In the present study, 26 patients treated with ICIs during warfarin therapy were examined for increases in PT-INR within 60 d of ICI administration. Of these patients, 13 developed Grade 2 or higher PT-INR elevations, 5 of which required the immediate administration of vitamin K.

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Article Synopsis
  • HFpEF is commonly found in patients with moderate AFMR, significantly impacting clinical outcomes, leading to higher mortality and hospitalization rates.
  • Patients with HFpEF-AFMR were generally older and faced more severe symptoms, including a higher prevalence of severe tricuspid regurgitation.
  • Interventions, such as combined mitral and tricuspid valve procedures or rhythm control therapy, improved clinical outcomes compared to isolated treatments.
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Initiation of Psychotropic Drugs in Spouses of Patients With Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease: A Matched Cohort Study.

Int J Geriatr Psychiatry

January 2025

Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.

Objectives: The diagnosis of early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) can cause emotional stress not only to the patients themselves but also to their spouses. This study aimed to evaluate the risk of psychiatric disorders in spouses of EOAD patients, using psychotropic drug initiation as a surrogate indicator.

Methods: A cohort study was conducted using a Japanese claims database, with spouses of EOAD patients (exposed spouses) matched with spouses of non-EOAD individuals (reference spouses) up to a 1:10 ratio.

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Association between the prognosis and comorbidity of active cancer in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.

BMC Pulm Med

January 2025

Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 6500017, Japan.

Background: Prognosis of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) has improved after the availability of balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) and approved drugs. However, the clinical effects of cancer, which is one of the associated medical conditions of CTEPH, remain unclear. We aimed to investigate prognosis in patients with CTEPH and comorbid cancer.

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The recent discovery of nonvisual photoreceptors in various organs has raised expectations for uncovering their roles and underlying mechanisms. In this work, we identified a previously unrecognized hormone-releasing mechanism in the pituitary of the Japanese rice fish (medaka) induced by light. Ca imaging analysis revealed that melanotrophs, a type of pituitary endocrine cell that secretes melanocyte-stimulating hormone, robustly increase the concentration of intracellular Ca during short-wavelength light exposure.

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Evaluation of Lung Adverse Events Associated With Lenvatinib: A Post-marketing Surveillance Study.

In Vivo

December 2024

Department of Education and Research Center for Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe, Japan.

Background/aim: Despite the seriousness of lung adverse events (AEs) associated with lenvatinib, comprehensive data on these events remain limited. This study was conducted to examine the disproportionality, time to onset, incidence rates, and outcomes of lenvatinib-associated lung AEs using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database.

Patients And Methods: We analysed data for the period from April 2004 to May 2023.

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Background/aim: A standard mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis has been created by intratracheal or intraperitoneal administration of bleomycin. However, a difficulty presented by this traditional method is its high mortality rate of more than 50% after bleomycin administration. In this study, we aimed to establish a unilateral lung disease model and to assess its feasibility and usefulness.

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Background/aim: Nintedanib may cause adverse events such as elevated liver enzyme levels, diarrhea, and decreased appetite. These adverse events should be managed appropriately as they affect the quality of life of patients. This study has aimed to analyze patient characteristics and time-to-onset of adverse events caused by nintedanib using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database.

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Evaluation of Times-to-onset and Outcomes of Lung Adverse Events Associated With Sorafenib Using JADER.

In Vivo

December 2024

Department of Education and Research Center for Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe, Japan.

Background/aim: Despite the seriousness of lung adverse events (AEs) associated with sorafenib, comprehensive data are limited. This study was conducted to examine the disproportionality, times to onset, incidence rates, and outcomes of sorafenib-associated lung AEs, using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database.

Patients And Methods: Data for the period between April 2004 and May 2023 were analyzed.

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Background/aim: To elucidate the relationship between metabolic syndrome (Mets) and somatic composition [fat mass, fat-free (FF) mass, and fat to fat-free (F-FF) ratio] among health checkup recipients (7,776 males and 10,121 females).

Patients And Methods: We classified study subjects into four types considering Japanese criteria for Mets; Type A is for males with waist circumference (WC) <85 cm and females with WC <90 cm, Type B is for males with WC ≥85 cm and females with WC ≥90 cm, but without any metabolic abnormalities, Type C is for males with WC ≥85 cm and females with WC ≥90 cm and one metabolic disorder (pre-Mets), and Type D is Mets. We compared baseline characteristics among types of A, B, C, and D.

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Background: The distribution of body weight in patients with achalasia and after peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) has not been investigated. The role of body weight assessment after treatment remains unclear.

Methods: Using the multicenter achalasia cohort, the frequency of underweight (body mass index [BMI] < 18.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study examined the prevalence and characteristics of MSI-high tumors in patients with metastatic or recurrent gastric cancer (GC) that had not yet undergone chemotherapy.
  • MSI-high GC was found in 5.6% of patients, with higher prevalence in females, individuals aged 70 and older, tumors located in the lower stomach, HER2-negative cases, and patients without liver metastases.
  • Understanding these MSI-high tumors can enhance clinical practices and inform future research targeting this specific subtype of GC.
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Background: Flow diverters (FDs) have been introduced for the management of large or giant cavernous carotid aneurysms (CCAs) in addition to conventional modalities, dramatically changing treatment strategies. The aim of this study was to examine the management of unruptured large/giant CCAs in Japan when FDs were being introduced using a nationwide survey.

Methods: 540 unruptured large/giant CCAs treated at neurosurgical teaching departments in Japan between 2012 and 2016 were retrospectively studied.

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Article Synopsis
  • Gastrointestinal subepithelial lesions (SELs) can be benign or malignant, and diagnosing them accurately using endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) is challenging, especially for smaller lesions (≤ 2 cm).
  • A retrospective study indicated that over 50% of patients with SELs of this size were diagnosed as gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), highlighting the necessity of using effective EUS-FNB techniques.
  • This multicenter study aims to compare the effectiveness of two types of EUS-FNB needles (22G Fork-tip vs. 22G Franseen) in obtaining adequate tissue samples from SELs ≤ 2 cm, with different endpoints focusing on sample quality and procedural outcomes.
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Oral intake of degalactosylated whey protein increases peripheral blood telomere length in young and aged mice.

Sci Rep

December 2024

Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research, Clinical Research Institute, NHO Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1 Mukaihata-cho, Fukakusa, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, 612-8555, Japan.

In order to elucidate novel actions of degalactosylated whey protein (D-WP) in comparison with intact whey protein (WP), the effects of oral intake of D-WP on peripheral blood telomere length and telomerase were examined in young and aged mice. In young mice, peripheral blood telomere length was significantly elongated following oral intake of D-WP for 4 weeks. mRNA expression of both telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) and telomerase RNA component (TERC) was significantly increased in the peripheral blood following oral intake of D-WP for 4 weeks.

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