Intensity-modulated radiation therapy for elderly patients (aged ≥75 years) with localized prostate cancer: Comparison with younger patients (aged <75 years).

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for elderly patients with prostate cancer (age ≥75 years) compared with younger patients (<75 years). The numbers of patients enrolled into the elderly and younger groups were 238 and 853, respectively. More than half of the patients in the elderly group were high-risk, and the total risk of the elderly group was higher than that of younger group.

A 2:1 atrioventricular block presenting paradoxical ventriculophasic response.

Ventriculophasic response (VR) is defined as the shortening of the sinus cycle length in the setting of greater than second-degree atrioventricular (AV) block. Typically, the PP intervals interposing a QRS complex are shorter than those without a QRS complex. Paradoxical VR is a rare clinical entity.

Adverse event profiles of solvent-based and nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel formulations using the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System.

Objectives: Paclitaxel is a highly effective antitumor agent with notable adverse events, including hypersensitivity reactions, peripheral neuropathy, arthralgia, myalgias, and neutropenia. Solvent-based paclitaxel causes severe allergic, hypersensitivity, and anaphylactic reactions. Nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel was recently developed and provides an advantage over solvent-based paclitaxel in avoiding solvent/surfactant-related adverse events.

Surgery for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor G3 and Carcinoma G3 Should be Considered Separately.

Background: The role of surgery in pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm grade 3 (pNEN-G3) treatment remains unclear. We aimed to clarify the role of surgery for pNEN-G3, which has recently been reclassified as pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor-G3 (pNET-G3) and pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma-G3 (pNEC-G3), with and without metastases, respectively.

Methods: We analyzed a subgroup of patients from the Japanese pancreatic NEC study, a Japanese multicenter case-series study of pNEN-G3.

T2*-weighted MR imaging findings of giant cell tumors of bone: radiological-pathological correlation.

Purpose: To assess the correlation between T2*-weighted MR imaging and pathological findings of giant cell tumors (GCT) of bone.

Methods: Of the 33 patients with histopathologically proven GCT of bone, 12 were examined using 1.5-T MR imaging, including T2*-weighted imaging, and were included in this study.

Infectious human adenoviruses are shed in urine even after disappearance of urethral symptoms.

Background: Urethritis is a common sexually transmitted disease, and human adenoviruses (HAdVs) have been found to be associated with nonchlamydial nongonococcal urethritis. However, the level and viability of HAdV in the urine of patients with urethritis remain unclear.

Methods: Male patients with urethritis and an asymptomatic group were screened using their First-void urine (FVU) for urethritis-related pathogens to identify those with HAdV DNA.

Urinary exosome as a potential biomarker for urinary tract infection.

Unlike urinary tract infection (UTI), asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) should not be treated, with some exceptions such as pregnant women and patients who will undergo traumatic urologic interventions. However, there has been no clinically available marker for their differential diagnosis. Exosomes or small extracellular vesicles carry proteins contained in cells from which they are derived, thus having the potential as a biomarker of several diseases.

Dissociation Between 11C-Methionine-Positron Emission Tomography and Gadolinium-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Longitudinal Features of Glioblastoma After Postoperative Radiotherapy.

The aims of the present study were to compare the longitudinal changes of glioblastoma multiforme after radiotherapy (RT) between 11C-methionine positron emission tomography (MET-PET) and gadolinium (Gd)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to clarify whether these changes were predictive of survival. We included 30 patients, who had undergone MET-PET and Gd-MRI before and every 3 months after RT. The lesion/normal brain uptake (L/N) ratio and contrast-enhancing lesion volume were examined.

Analysis of fall-related adverse events among older adults using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database.

Background: Falls are a common but serious problem in older adults, and may lead to fractures and bleeding. As many factors, such as medication, aging, and comorbid diseases may simultaneously affect fall-related adverse events (AEs) in older adults, we evaluated the association between fall-related AEs and the use of medication, aging, and comorbid diseases using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database.

Methods: We analyzed reports of fall-related AEs associated with α-blockers, diuretics, calcium channel blockers, central nervous system (CNS)-active drugs (opioids, benzodiazepines, hypnotics and sedatives, non-selective monoamine reuptake inhibitors, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI)) in the JADER database using the reporting odds ratio (ROR).

Dorsal buttress plate fixation for the treatment of fracture-dislocation of the fifth carpometacarpal joint with avulsion fracture of the hamate: a case report.

Fracture-dislocations of the fourth and fifth carpometacarpal (CMC) joints present a complex situation. Misdiagnosis and inadequate treatment may cause malunion and residual subluxation, which lead to painful arthritis and grip weakness. Open reduction along with internal fixation is the treatment of choice, but there is no consensus on an optimal treatment approach.

The feasibility of dedicated breast PET for the assessment of residual tumor after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Purpose: To evaluate the utility of ring-type dedicated breast positron emission tomography (dbPET) for the detection of the residual tumor after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).

Materials And Methods: This prospective study included 27 women with histologically proven breast cancer over a 37-month period. All patients underwent ring-type dbPET followed by whole-body PET-CT (WBPET) for preoperative tumor evaluation and re-staging after NAC.

Surveillance of the prevalence of macrolide and/or fluoroquinolone resistance-associated mutations in Mycoplasma genitalium in Japan.

To clarify the status of macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance of clinical strains of Mycoplasma genitalium in Japan, we amplified portions of the gyrA, parC, and 23S rRNA genes from DNAs in 627 first-voided urine specimens collected from men with M. genitalium-positive urethritis who visited clinics mainly in Sendai, Tokyo, and Osaka, Japan, from 2013 to 2017, by PCR and sequenced. The incidence of single amino acid changes at Met95 or Asp99 in GyrA increased chronologically and was approximately 10% from 2015 onward.

Frontal Tumefactive Demyelinating Lesion Mimicking Glioblastoma Differentiated by Methionine Positron Emission Tomography.

Background: Tumefactive demyelinating lesion (TDL) is often reported as a rare variation of multiple sclerosis (MS). TDL is difficult to diagnose solely by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with no history of MS. This is because the lesion often shows ring enhancement with perifocal brain edema on gadolinium MRI, thus mimicking glioblastoma multiforme (GBM).

Congenital hyperinsulinism treated by surgical resection of the hyperplastic lesion which had been preoperatively diagnosed by 18F-DOPA PET examination in Japan: a nationwide survey.

Purpose: Congenital hyperinsulinism is a rare disease, and the newly developed 18 fluoro--dihydroxyphenylalanine-positron emission tomography (18F-DOPA PET) examination can detect hyperplastic lesions. Our purpose was to report the results of a nationwide survey on surgical treatment of congenital hyperinsulinism in Japan.

Methods: A questionnaire was sent to the 159 accredited and affiliated training institutes certified as pediatric surgical institutes by the Japanese Association of Pediatric Surgeons, asking if they had encountered patients who underwent surgical treatment for congenital hyperinsulinism after 18F-DOPA PET examination from 2000 to 2017.

Cerebral Glucose Metabolism in Patients with Chronic Mental and Cognitive Sequelae after a Single Blunt Mild Traumatic Brain Injury without Visible Brain Lesions.

The aim of this study is to investigate glucose uptake on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in patients with chronic mental and cognitive symptoms following a single blunt mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) and without visible brain lesions on computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Eighty-nine consecutive patients (mean age 43.8 ± 10.

Analysis of adverse events of renal impairment related to platinum-based compounds using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database.

Objectives: Platinum compounds cause several adverse events, such as nephrotoxicity, gastrointestinal toxicity, myelosuppression, ototoxicity, and neurotoxicity. We evaluated the incidence of renal impairment as adverse events are related to the administration of platinum compounds using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database.

Methods: We analyzed adverse events associated with the use of platinum compounds reported from April 2004 to November 2016.

C-methionine positron emission tomography for target delineation of recurrent glioblastoma in re-irradiation planning.

Aim: To define the optimal margin on MRI scans in the re-radiation planning of recurrent glioblastoma using methionine positron emission tomography (MET-PET).

Background: It would be very useful if the optimal margin on MRI to cover the uptake area on MET-PET is known.

Materials And Methods: CT, MRI, and MET-PET were performed separately over the course of 2 weeks.

A patient with arteriovenous fistula of simultaneously performed anastoplasty for excessive blood flow and graft bypass to secure an outflow tract.

Introduction: We report a case in which we performed an anastomotic part septal formation surgery (anastoplasty) and artificial blood vessel replacement surgery.

Case Description: When forearm arteriovenous fistula occlusion of a dialysis patient was observed, there was a thrombus in the vein of the whole forearm from the anastomotic part. We performed a septum formation surgery to suppress the blood flow in the vein near the anastomotic site, and artificial blood vessel replacement was performed on the high stenosis of the cephalic vein of the elbow.

Impact of the pulmonary vein orifice area assessed using intracardiac echocardiography on the outcome of radiofrequency catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation.

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to investigate pulmonary vein cross-sectional orifice area (PV-CSOA) using intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) and to determine its association with atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA).

Methods: We studied 77 patients undergoing initial RFCA for AF (55 paroxysmal and 22 persistent AF patients, mean age 61 ± 12 years, 59 men). The PV-CSOA was measured in each patient and expressed as an index divided by the body surface area-left superior (LSPV-CSOA), left inferior (LIPV-CSOA), right superior (RSPV-CSOA), and right inferior (RIPV-CSOA).

Precise preoperative diagnosis of struma ovarii with pseudo-Meigs' syndrome mimicking ovarian cancer with the combination of I scintigraphy and F-FDG PET: case report and review of the literature.

Background: Struma ovarii is a rare ovarian neoplasm that often appears malignant on conventional imaging. Pseudo-Meigs' syndrome with ascites, pleural effusion, and elevated serum CA 125 levels is much rarer and leads to misdiagnosis of ovarian cancer and unnecessary extended surgery.

Case Presentation: A 50-year-old woman with abdominal distention and dyspnoea was referred to our hospital.

Intracranial subarachnoid hemorrhage following cervical laminoplasty: a report of two cases.

Intracranial hemorrhage is a rare complication of spinal surgery. Case 1 was a 58-year-old man who underwent cervical laminoplasty. No apparent iatrogenic dural rupture or cerebrospinal fluid leakage was observed.

[Adverse Event Trends Associated with Over-the-counter Combination Cold Remedy: Data Mining of the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report Database].

 OTC combination cold remedies are widely used in Japan. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the adverse event profiles of OTC combination cold remedy based on the components using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database. The JADER database contained 430587 reports between April 2004 and November 2016.

Treatment outcomes and late toxicities of intensity-modulated radiation therapy for 1091 Japanese patients with localized prostate cancer.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the treatment result of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in a large number of Japanese patients with prostate cancer.

Background: A total of 1091 patients with localized prostate cancer were recruited between March 2006 and July 2014. The patients were stratified into low- ( = 205 [18.