The inhibition of aortic smooth muscle cell proliferation by the intravenous anesthetic ketamine.

Smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation has been recognized as central to the pathology of both major forms of vascular disease, atherosclerosis and hypertension. Recently, we reported that ketamine inhibits rat mesangial cell proliferation, suggesting that ketamine inhibits cell growth. Although the IV anesthetic ketamine has been widely used clinically, the exact effects of ketamine on vascular SMC proliferation have not been studied.

Programmed filtration, a new method for removing large molecules and regulating albumin leakage during hemodiafiltration treatment.

During hemodiafiltration (HDF) treatment for chronic renal failure patients, replacing large volumes using high-flux membranes with relatively large pores is preferred from the standpoint of enhancing the elimination of large molecules (10 to 50 kd). Aggressive protein-permeable treatment often results in massive leakage of essential albumin, however, which may cause fatigue, hypotension, and a decrease in the plasma albumin concentration in some patients. During 5-hour conventional HDF treatment with the filtration rate or pressure set at constant values, fractional albumin loss in the dialysate was assayed, which revealed that the albumin concentration in the dialysate showed a maximum value in the beginning with a steep decline within 1 hour.

[Validation of three limulus tests for the determination of endotoxin in dialysate/substitute used in on-line hemodiafiltration].

The on-line hemodiafiltration, a newly developed technic of artificial kidney, requires a large mount of dialysate as a substitute for filtered plasma. The dialysate is prepared in the hospital, and is liable to be contaminated. To avoid adverse effects from contaminants, the dialysate needs to be checked at least for endotoxin (ET) with a highly sensitive, accurate and precise method.