Manganese-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks and Their Derivatives for Electrochemical Water Splitting: Recent Advances and Future Outlook.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and their derivatives have recently attracted significant interest as promising candidates in water splitting due to their well-defined structural and electronic features, three-dimensional architecture, high surface area, abundance of active sites, remarkable stability, and improved capabilities for mass transport and diffusion. Mn-based MOFs and their derivatives have been extensively studied and demonstrated significant potential in water splitting, inspired largely by the natural photosystem-II. Despite the development of numerous Mn-based electrocatalysts, Mn-MOFs stand out due to their strong synergistic interactions, tunable electronic properties, efficient charge and mass transfer, and straightforward synthesis.