Whole blood transfusion and paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria meet again: Minor incompatibility, major trouble.

Background And Objectives: The field of transfusion medicine started out with whole blood transfusion to treat severe anaemia and other deficiencies, and then transitioned to component therapy, largely leaving the practice, and experiences, of whole blood transfusions behind. Currently, the field is circling back and whole blood is gaining ground as an alternative to massive transfusion protocols.

Materials And Methods: Herein we describe a severely anaemic paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH) patient initially suspected of suffering from renal haemorrhage, receiving a standard low-titre group O whole blood transfusion during pre-hospital transportation.

Mediating the interface between voluntariness and coercion: A qualitative study of learning disability nurses' work in medical examinations of people with intellectual disability.

Aims And Objectives: To gain knowledge of prevention and use of restraints in provision of medical care to people with intellectual disability. To this end, we explore how learning disability nurses in community services support the individual through medical examinations when facing resistance.

Background: Despite increased focus on limiting restraints, there is a lack of knowledge of how restraints are prevented and used in the delivery of physical health care to people with intellectual disability.

Leisure time and occupational physical activity, resting heart rate and mortality in the Arctic region of Norway: The Finnmark Study.

Aims: This study examined the association of leisure time physical activity, occupational physical activity, and resting heart rate with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in Sami and non-Sami populations.

Study Design: This was a longitudinal, observational population-based study.

Methods: The Finnmark 3 study cohort was examined in 1987-1988 and followed for all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality for 26 years.

The impact of changes in leisure time physical activity on changes in cardiovascular risk factors: results from The Finnmark 3 Study and SAMINOR 1, 1987-2003.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the associations between changes in leisure time physical activity and changes in cardiovascular risk factors over 16 years and whether they differ between two ethnic groups in Norway.

Methods: Data were extracted from two population-based studies. Altogether, 3671 men and women participated in both surveys, and 30% reported being of Sami ethnicity.

Outpatient clinics treating substance use disorders in Northwest Russia and Northern Norway: a descriptive comparative study.

Both in Norway and Russia a considerable portion of the population have substance use disorders. However, the knowledge about outpatient services treating substance use disorders in Norway and Russia is limited. This study will describe and compare outpatient clinics treating substance use disorders in Arkhangelsk in Northwest Russia and in Bodø and Tromsø in Northern Norway on availability, accessibility and treated prevalence (patients treated in one year).

Aspiration as a late complication after accelerated versus conventional radiotherapy in patients with head and neck cancer.

Conclusion Neck dissection after radiotherapy increased the risk of aspiration as a late effect in a sub-sample of patients treated for head and neck cancer in the ARTSCAN study. Patients treated with accelerated fractionation (AF) developed aspiration, with or without coughing, more frequently than patients treated with conventional fractionation (CF). Objectives A long-term follow-up study was conducted to determine the frequency of aspiration as a late effect in patients with head and neck cancer treated with AF or CF.

Bradykinin induced sustained anti-adrenergic actions in guinea pig heart muscle involves PKC.

Objectives: Adenosine attenuates the effect of beta-adrenergic stimulation upon contractile force, both when present during beta-adrenergic stimulation and for a period after washout of adenosine. Protein kinase C (PKC) mediates the sustained effect. The present study investigated if bradykinin (500 nM) could induce anti-beta-adrenergic actions.

Sustained anti-beta-adrenergic effect of melatonin in guinea pig heart papillary muscle.

Objective: Anti-ss-adrenergic actions of several substances influence heart function significantly. The anti-ss-adrenergic effect of melatonin was investigated, with special attention to protein kinase C (PKC) and nitric oxide (NO).

Design: Guinea pig papillary muscles were exposed to melatonin (500 pM) for 15 min and 20 min washout.

Positive inotropic and sustained anti-beta-adrenergic effect of diadenosine pentaphosphate in human and guinea pig hearts. Role of dinucleotide receptors and adenosine receptors.

Aim: Diadenosine polyphosphates are present intracellularly and in extracellular fluid due to release from secretory vesicles in platelets, chromaffin cells and other cells. This study investigates effects of diadenosine pentaphosphate (AP5A) on heart muscle function.

Methods: Contractile force amplitude and action potential duration at 90% repolarization (APD90) were measured after challenge with AP5A 50 microm or isoproterenol 50-70 nM in guinea pig papillary muscles.

Adenosine induces prolonged anti-beta-adrenergic effects in guinea-pig papillary muscle.

A sustained anti-beta-adrenergic effect of adenosine has been reported. This study was initiated to investigate this topic and especially elucidate the role of protein kinase C (PKC). Contractile force amplitude and action potential duration at 90% repolarization (APD90) were measured in guinea-pig papillary muscles before and after 5 min challenge with 5 nm isoproterenol.

Short-term functional outcome of hospitalised first-ever strokes in Finnmark, Norway in 1998-1999. Results from the Finnmark Stroke Register.

Data on the functional outcome, prevalence of risk factors and comorbidity of stroke were collected in the population-based Finnmark Stroke Register in northern Norway. Findings for hospitalised first-ever strokes (n = 125) during the first registration year (1998-1999) are presented here. The median age of the patients was 70 years for men and 79 years for women.

Cardiac effects of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents pancuronium,vecuronium, and rocuronium in isolated rat atria.

Pancuronium, vecuronium, and rocuronium produce different cardiac effects. Using spontaneously beating right and electrically stimulated left rat atria, while measuring developed force, effective refractory period, and heart rate, we determined and compared the concentration-dependent cardiac effects of the compounds. The preparations were exposed to five progressively increasing concentrations of these compounds (10(-9), 10(-8), 10(-7), 10(-6), and 10(-5) mol/L).

Diazepam-induced Ca(2+)-channel blockade reduces hypothermia-induced electromechanical changes in isolated guinea pig ventricular muscle.

Calcium-channel blockers reduce the in vitro effects of hypothermia and benzodiazepines have been reported to reduce inward calcium flow through L-type cardiac-calcium channels. Thus, this study was designed to determine if diazepam could reduce hypothermia-induced changes in ventricular papillary muscle electromechanical activity. Conventional microelectrode techniques were used while force was recorded using a miniature force transducer.

Influence of hypothermia on the cardiac effects of propranolol observed in isolated rat atria.

Unlabelled: 1. The purpose was to determine if hypothermia influences cardiac responses to propranolol. 2.

Alteration of the cardiac effects of isoproterenol and propranolol by hypothermia in isolated rat atrium.

1. Hypothermia alters the myocardial response to some inotropic maneuvers. By measuring developed force and effective refractory period in isolated left atrial preparations, we determined whether hypothermia affected the cardiac response to isoproterenol and propranolol.

Alteration of the cardiac effects of midazolam by hypothermia in rat isolated atria.

Hypothermia produces marked changes in cardiac activity and response to different anesthetic interventions. Isolated spontaneously beating right, or electrically stimulated left rat atria were examined while heart rate, sinus node recovery time, developed force, and effective refractory period were measured at 35 and 20 degrees C. Thus, we wanted to investigate the influence of low temperature on the cardiac effects of midazolam.

Accuracy of routine echocardiographic measurements made by an inexperienced examiner through tele-instruction.

The reproducibility and accuracy of routine echocardiographic measurements made by an inexperienced doctor using tele-instruction were evaluated. Thirty-eight patients were first examined at a local hospital by an inexperienced doctor instructed by a specialist 450 km away at a university hospital. The specialist then examined the patients at the local hospital using the same equipment, after an average of 50 days.