Achievements, priorities and strategies in pediatric nephrology in Europe: need for unifying approaches or acceptance of differences?

Background: There is a lack of information on the current healthcare systems for children with kidney diseases across Europe. The aim of this study was to explore the different national approaches to the organization and delivery of pediatric nephrology services within Europe.

Methods: In 2020, the European society for Paediatric Nephrology (ESPN) conducted a cross-sectional survey to identify the existing pediatric nephrology healthcare systems in 48 European countries covering a population of more than 200 million children.

Right ventricular strain impairment due to hypoxia in patients with COPD: a post hoc analysis of two randomised controlled trials.

Background: Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction leads to an increase in pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and potentially right heart failure in healthy individuals and patients with respiratory diseases. Previous studies in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exposed to hypobaric hypoxia have shown an increase in PAP, while traditional echocardiographic parameters revealed only minimal changes at high altitude. Speckle-tracking-derived analysis is potentially more sensitive to assess right ventricular (RV) function and we used this method to investigate the impact on RV function of patients with COPD ascending to high altitude and compared the results with the traditional echocardiographic parameters.

COVID-19 is a trigger of autoimmune rheumatic diseases: a hypothesis tested over time.

We discuss the paper recently published in Rheumatology Internationa. This article reflects on the prevalence of autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD) during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2023) and compares the same with the pre-pandemic period (2016-2019). We assume that SARS-CoV-2 triggers ARD.

Dynamic analysis of fractal-fractional cancer model under chemotherapy drug with generalized Mittag-Leffler kernel.

Background And Objective: Cancer's complex and multifaceted nature makes it challenging to identify unique molecular and pathophysiological signatures, thereby hindering the development of effective therapies. This paper presents a novel fractal-fractional cancer model to study the complex interplay among stem cells, effectors cells, and tumor cells in the presence and absence of chemotherapy. The cancer model with effective treatment through chemotherapy drugs is considered and discussed in detail.

Genomic identification of the gene family in apple and functional analysis of involved in flowering transition.

Unlabelled: Apple is a crucial economic product extensively cultivated worldwide. Its production and quality are closely related to the floral transition, which is regulated by intricate molecular and environmental factors. () is a transcription factor that is involved in regulating plant growth and development, with certain play significant roles in regulating flowering.

MiRNA-200a and miRNA-200b expression, and vitamin-D level: Prognostic significance in obese non-diabetic and obese type 2 diabetes mellitus individuals.

Background: Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are frequent co-occurring disorders that affect regular metabolic functions. Obesity has also been linked to an increased risk of developing diabetes. Obesity and diabetes are on the rise, increasing healthcare costs and raising mortality rates.

COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2-confirmed hospitalisation in the eastern part of the WHO European Region (2022-2023): a test-negative case-control study from the EuroSAVE network.

Background: Understanding COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) in preventing severe disease is critical to inform vaccine policy. We used the test-negative design to estimate VE against SARS-CoV-2-confirmed hospitalisation in adults ≥18 years in the eastern WHO European Region.

Methods: We included patients hospitalised for severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) at sentinel surveillance sites in Albania, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, North Macedonia, Serbia, and in Kosovo.

Whole-genome sequencing surveillance of Siberian tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) identifies an additional lineage in Kyrgyzstan.

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is the most prevalent tick-borne viral disease in Europe and Asia. There are three main subtypes of the virus: European, Siberian, and Far Eastern, each of which having distinctive ecology, clinical presentation, and geographic distribution. In recent years, other TBEV subtypes have been described, namely the Himalayan and Baikalian subtypes.

Human Exposure to Asbestos in Central Asian Countries and Health Effects: A Narrative Review.

The discovery of the detrimental effects of asbestos on human health came long after its widespread use, with the first scientific evidence of asbestos-related diseases emerging in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Despite efforts to ban its use, asbestos continues to be mined and used in Central Asia (as well as in Russia, China, and other countries). To gain a deeper understanding of the situation in Central Asia, we have conducted a systematic review of scientific literature on the use of asbestos, exposure assessment, and health consequences of asbestos exposure in this geographic area.

Building health systems resilience in Central Asia through nursing and midwifery: evidence to inform policy action.

Background: The recent announcement of the next WHO State of the World's Nursing and Midwifery Reports calls for a review of the state of nursing and midwifery worldwide. In the WHO European region, a broad set of health system reforms have been introduced in Central Asian countries (CACs), namely, the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Republic of Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Republic of Uzbekistan. These reforms have become the focus of a series of sub-regional policy dialogs between CACs, led by government chief nursing and midwifery officers, to accelerate the implementation of a package of policies to strengthen the capacity of nurses and midwives and build health system resilience.

Millennial-scale microbiome analysis reveals ancient antimicrobial resistance conserved despite modern selection pressures.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance presents a formidable challenge, yet its existence predates the introduction of antibiotics. Our study delves into the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in ancient permafrost microbiomes, comparing them with contemporary soil and pristine environments. Majority of the samples are from regions around Beringia, encompassing parts of Russia and Alaska, with only one sample originating from the Tien Shan Mountain range in Kyrgyzstan.

[Structural and functional features of the main arteries of the brain and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in people with chronic non-infectious diseases].

Objective: To investigate the structural and functional characteristics of the carotid and vertebral arteries and their relationship with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels in patients with chronic non-infectious diseases (CNIDs), considering sex differences.

Unlabelled: Material and Methods. A retrospective analysis of clinical and laboratory data of 760 patients with chronic non-communicable diseases (average age 52.

Congenital Insensitivity to Pain and Anhidrosis With Orthopedic and Self-Injury Complications in a 5-Year-Old Boy: A Case Report.

Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis (CIPA) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder because of NTRK1 gene mutations, leading to an inability to perceive pain and temperature and lack of sweating. Its rarity and unique clinical challenges, such as severe injuries from the inability to sense pain, make reporting cases critical. A 5-year-old boy, the third child of consanguineous parents, was referred for a fractured femur.

Olfactory neurofeedback: current state and possibilities for further development.

This perspective considers the novel concept of olfactory neurofeedback (O-NFB) within the framework of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), where olfactory stimuli are integrated in various BCI control loops. In particular, electroencephalography (EEG)-based O-NFB systems are capable of incorporating different components of complex olfactory processing - from simple discrimination tasks to using olfactory stimuli for rehabilitation of neurological disorders. In our own work, EEG theta and alpha rhythms were probed as control variables for O-NFB.

A scoping review of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Pakistan investigating the status of glycemic control, awareness, treatment adherence, complications and cost.

Background: The high prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) in Pakistan is a challenge to the existing healthcare system. This is the first comprehensive review of the status of glycemic control, diabetes knowledge, treatment adherence, complications and financial burden faced by the diabetic patient population of the country.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus for studies on diabetes control, knowledge, treatment adherence, prevalence of complications and cost in Pakistan published in English from 2000 to 2024.

New species and records of the Rhamphomyia subgenus Holoclera (Diptera, Empididae) from the Palaearctic Region.

New data on the Palaearctic subgenus Holoclera Schiner of dance flies of the genus Rhamphomyia Meigen (Diptera: Empididae) are reported. Three new species are described: Rhamphomyia (Holoclera) richterae sp. nov.

A new intriguing species of the genus Pseudachorutella Stach, 1949 (Collembola: Neanuridae: Pseudachorutinae) from Kyrgyzstan with the supplementation of generic definition and the description of the first instar larva.

Pseudachorutella intricata sp. nov. from Kyrgyzstan is described and illustrated in detail.

Leafhoppers of the genus Kybos Fieber, 1866 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Empoascini) in Kyrgyzstan.

Illustrated descriptions of six Kybos species found in Kyrgyzstan are provided, with data on biology and distribution. Oscillograms of the male vibrational calling signals are presented for four species. The synonymies K.

New data on the systematics and distribution of snout moths of the genus Evergestis Hübner, [1825] in Kyrgyzstan (Lepidoptera: Crambidae).

New data about distribution and systematics of snout moths of the genus Evergestis in Kyrgyzstan are presented. Evergestis radagastalis sp. n.

Unexpected diversity in the Pseudepipona lativentris species-group (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae).

The Pseudepipona lativentris-group includes the species of the nominotypical subgenus of the genus Pseudepipona de Saussure, 1856 with long setae on the gena, the scutum, and the propleuron (former subgenus Trichepipona Blüthgen, 1951). Five species and two additional subspecies were hitherto recognized in this group, while the present taxonomic revision revealed the existence of eight species: P. beckeri (Morawitz, 1867) (Russia, Kazakhstan), P.

New records of the solitary Vespidae (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Masarinae and Eumeninae s. l.) from Central Asia, with new synonyms and description of a new species of Eumenes Latreille.

A new species, Eumenes selisi Fateryga, sp. nov. is described from Uzbekistan.

On some species of the genus Hygrodromicus Tronquet with description of a new species from Pakistan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Omaliinae: Anthophagini).

Taxonomic and faunistic data for three species of Hygrodromicus Tronquet, 1981 is presented. Two species are (re-)described and illustrated: H. incrassatus sp.