The Grouping Patterns of in the Tianchi Bogda Peak Nature Reserve of Tianshan Mountain, Northwestern China.

Grouping behavior is a fundamental component of animal population dynamics, shaped by both environmental factors and the social interactions among individuals, ultimately enhancing adaptability to their habitats. However, the social organization of the wapiti subspecies inhabiting the Tian Shan Mountains remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the grouping behavior of Tianshan wapiti in the Bogda Peak Nature Reserve, northwestern China from July 2019 to November 2020.

Characteristics of children and adolescents with multidrug-resistant and rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis and their association with treatment outcomes: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis.

Background: There are few data on the treatment of children and adolescents with multidrug-resistant (MDR) or rifampicin-resistant (RR) tuberculosis, especially with more recently available drugs and regimens. We aimed to describe the clinical and treatment characteristics and their associations with treatment outcomes in this susceptible population.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis.

Hyalomma aegyptium: Observed global distribution, imported specimens, preferred hosts and vector competence.

The tortoise tick Hyalomma aegyptium (Linnaeus, 1758) is a three-host tick, predominantly infesting land tortoises of the genus Testudo. A database was compiled, resulting in 557 H. aegyptium georeferenced locations in the Palearctic.

Annotated Checklist of Poroid Hymenochaetoid Fungi in Central Asia: Taxonomic Diversity, Ecological Roles, and Potential Distribution Patterns.

Central Asia, located at the heart of Eurasia, is renowned for its varied climate and vertical vegetative distribution, which support diverse biomes and position it as a global biodiversity hotspot. Despite this ecological richness, Central Asia's fungal diversity, particularly wood-inhabiting macrofungi, remains largely unexplored. This study investigates the diversity, ecological roles, and potential distribution of poroid Hymenochaetoid fungi in the region.

Nationwide representative serosurvey of third-grade school children to evaluate the hepatitis B vaccination impact in Kyrgyzstan, 2022.

Background: Kyrgyzstan introduced universal hepatitis B childhood vaccination in 1999 to reduce the burden of hepatitis B. In 2016, aligned with the goal of controlling hepatitis B in the WHO European Region, a regional target of 0.5% was set for seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) among targeted birth cohorts.

Logistics Management Information System (LMIS) for Health Commodities at Public Health Facilities in Amhara National Regional State of Ethiopia: A Data Quality Evaluation Survey.

Introduction: Access to essential medicines is limited in developing countries mainly due to inefficiencies in health supply chain management, such as the absence of standard monitoring frameworks and poorly designed Logistics Management Information Systems (LMIS). Health supply chain managers need accurate and timely data for decision-making. However, routine health information systems suffer from poor data quality, reliance on paper-based reports, insufficient logistic formats, inadequate infrastructure, and limited human resources.

Barriers and drivers to exclusive breastfeeding in Kyrgyzstan: a qualitative study with mothers and health workers.

Background: The WHO/UNICEF global nutrition target for exclusive breastfeeding for six months is at least 70% of infants by 2030. However, global prevalence rates are 48% with variations between countries and within regions. Kyrgyzstan has consistently high early breastfeeding initiation rates, yet exclusive breastfeeding for six months is 46%.

Lung function and onset of cardiometabolic diseases in the longitudinal Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study.

Introduction: Previous population-based studies, mainly from high-income countries, have shown that a higher forced vital capacity (FVC) is associated with a lower risk of developing cardiometabolic diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the longitudinal association between spirometry measures and the onset of cardiometabolic diseases across sites in low-income, middle-income and high-income countries.

Methods: The study population comprised 5916 individuals from 15 countries participating in the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease baseline and follow-up assessments.

Targeting senescence and GATA4 in age-related cardiovascular disease: a comprehensive approach.

The growing prevalence of age-related cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) poses significant health challenges, necessitating the formulation of novel treatment approaches. GATA4, a vital transcription factor identified for modulating cardiovascular biology and cellular senescence, is recognized for its critical involvement in CVD pathogenesis. This review collected relevant studies from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct using search terms like 'GATA4,' 'cellular senescence,' 'coronary artery diseases,' 'hypertension,' 'heart failure,' 'arrhythmias,' 'congenital heart diseases,' 'cardiomyopathy,' and 'cardiovascular disease.

[A case of ischemic stroke in a patient with probable CADASIL].

Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy CADASIL) is a rare inherited disorder in which thickening of the walls of small and medium-sized blood vessels blocks blood flow to the brain. Diagnosis of CADASIL is based on clinical presentation, neuroimaging findings, and genetic predisposition. This disease is uncommon in children; typically, symptoms manifest in individuals between the ages of 20 and 40, though some may exhibit symptoms later in life.

Evaluation of the effects of carbamazepine-loaded chitosan-coated PLGA-Zein nanoparticles on pilocarpine-induced seizure model in zebrafish larvae: Developmental toxicity and behavioral assays.

Epilepsy, the most common neurological disorder worldwide, is characterized by sudden paroxysmal brain activity, which can be generalized or focal. Extensive research has explored various treatment strategies for this condition. Our study employed a pilocarpine (PL)-induced seizure model in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos and larvae to assess the effects of carbamazepine (CBZ)-loaded chitosan-coated PLGA-Zein nanoparticles (NPs) over 96 hours.

Identification and management of Bipolaris sorokiniana in wheat and barley in Southeast Kazakhstan.

Wheat and barley serve as significant nutrient-rich staples that are extensively grown on a global scale, spanning over 219 million hectares. The annual combined global yield is 760.9 million tons, with Kazakhstan contributing 14.

CPAP Therapy for OSA and Its Impact on Various Cardiovascular Disorders.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a highly prevalent and serious disorder with significant complications, causes considerable daytime and nighttime symptoms as well as long-term consequences and is yet an underdiagnosed and inadequately treated condition. Patients with OSA undergo frequent awakenings during the sleep cycle and find it impossible to get restorative sleep. Individuals are extremely fatigued, sleepy, and irritable throughout the day.

Overweight, obesity, and cardiovascular disease in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: the EAS FH Studies Collaboration registry.

Background And Aims: Overweight and obesity are modifiable risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in the general population, but their prevalence in individuals with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HeFH) and whether they confer additional risk of ASCVD independent of LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) remains unclear.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis was conducted in 35 540 patients with HeFH across 50 countries, in the EAS FH Studies Collaboration registry. Prevalence of World Health Organization-defined body mass index categories was investigated in adults (n = 29 265) and children/adolescents (n = 6275); and their association with prevalent ASCVD.

Comparative efficacy and safety of tissue plasminogen activators (tPA) in acute ischemic stroke: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Intravenous alteplase (ALT) is the standard treatment for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, recent trials comparing other tissue plasminogen activators (tPAs) like tenecteplase (TNK) and reteplase with ALT have yielded conflicting results. This necessitated a network meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of various tPAs in AIS patients.

High-resolution assessment of climate change impacts on the surface energy and water balance in the glaciated Naryn River basin, Central Asia.

Mountain regions of Central Asia are experiencing strong influences from climate change, with significant reductions in snow cover and glacial reserves. A comprehensive assessment of the potential consequences under the worst-case climate scenario is vital for adaptation measures throughout the region. Water balance analysis in the Naryn River basin was conducted for the baseline period of 1981-2000 including potential changes under the worst-case SSP5-8.

High-Sensitive Cardiac Troponin I and Th1/Th2 Polarization in Queens With Pyometra.

Objectives: To determine T helper (Th)1 and Th2 cytokine polarization, as well as high-sensitive cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) levels, in cats with pyometra.

Methods: We used 40 queens in the study. A total of 20 out of these 40 queens were diagnosed with the pyometra group (PYO) and the other 20 made up the healthy group (control; CTR).

The Relationship of Th/Th Cytokine Polarization at Parturition in Cows and SOCS3 Level With Some Postpartum Diseases.

Th/Th polarisation and suppressor of cytokine signalling-3 (SOCS3) are important indicators of the humoral and cellular immune system activity in cows. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation of postpartum diseases with the levels of Th/Th polarisation and SOCS3 at the time of parturition. The study examined 180 cows (90 with normal parturition [NP] and 90 with dystocia [D]).

Prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors in high-risk Kyrgyzstan population as compared to Indians - An Indo-Kyrgyz cardiometabolic study.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the most prevalent causes of mortality worldwide, especially significant in low- and middle-income countries. Kyrgyzstan and India represent such nations that face a huge burden of CVD-related deaths globally. Understanding the prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) in these populations is critical for effective prevention and management strategies.

Sex-Specific Difference in Health-Related Altitude-Effects and Their Prevention by Acetazolamide. Data from a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Häfliger, Alina, Aline Buergin, Laura C. Mayer, Maamed Mademilov, Mona Lichtblau, Talantbek Sooronbaev, Silvia Ulrich, Konrad E. Bloch, and Michael Furian.

Enhancing Infection Control in ICUS Through AI: A Literature Review.

Introduction: Infection control in intensive care units (ICUs) is crucial due to the high risk of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), which can increase patient morbidity, mortality, and costs. Effective measures such as hand hygiene, use of personal protective equipment (PPE), patient isolation, and environmental cleaning are vital to minimize these risks. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) offers new opportunities to enhance infection control, from predicting outbreaks to optimizing antimicrobial use, ultimately improving patient safety and care in ICUs.

First record of the genus Tshernyshev, 2009 (Coleoptera, Malachiidae) from China.

Background: Tshernyshev, 2009 is a small genus belonging to the tribe Malachiini in the family Malachiidae of the order Coleoptera, with six currently known species: (Erichson, 1840) from Central, Eastern and Southern Europe and North Africa; (Abeille de Perrin, 1885) from Central Europe to Central Asia; Ezzatpanah, 2011 from Iran; (Tshernyshev, 2000) from Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan; (Medvedev, 1964) from Kazakstan, Russia and Mongolia; (Medvedev, 1964) from Kazakhstan and Turkey.

New Information: In this study, Tshernyshev, 2009 is newly recorded from China upon the discovery of (Medvedev, 1964) from Xinjiang Autonomous Region. The adult morphological characters are re-described in detail with illustrations of external appearance and relevant characters.

Vaccination Schedule and Age Influence Impaired Responsiveness to Hepatitis B Vaccination: A Randomized Trial in Central Asia.

Vaccination against hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the most cost-efficient measure to prevent infection. Still, vaccination coverage among adults in Central Asia, including Kyrgyzstan, remains suboptimal, and data about immune responses to HBV vaccination are lacking. HBV vaccination is given as three injections, whereby the second and third doses are given 1 and 6 months after the first (0-1-6 scheme).

Is Transforaminal Endoscopic Discectomy the Best Option for Recurrent Lumbar Disc Herniation? A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Recurrent lumbar disc herniation (rLDH) remains a challenge in spinal surgery. This systematic review analyzes the use of transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (TFED) for the treatment of rLDH.

Methods: A comprehensive search of 4 electronic databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Cochrane, was conducted.