Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is primarily found in developing countries, but increasing migration is causing more cases to appear in developed nations; it often stems from rheumatic fever triggered by a streptococcal infection.
A case study highlights a 48-year-old man with a history of rheumatic fever, who experienced severe cardiac symptoms including bilateral ankle swelling, dyspnea, and palpitations, leading to an emergency room visit.
Diagnostic tests revealed significant heart issues, including atrial flutter and severe aortic stenosis, resulting in the patient receiving a tissue aortic valve replacement; post-surgery findings indicated extensive fibrosis and calcification.