Genomics of pain in osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) accounts for the majority of the disease burden for musculoskeletal disorders and is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. This disability is the result not of the cartilage loss that defines OA radiographically, but of the chronic pain whose presence defines symptomatic OA. It is becoming clear that many genes, each with a small effect size, contribute to the risk of developing OA.

Serum and saliva antibodies do not inhibit Candida albicans Sap2 proteinase activity using a BSA hydrolysis assay.

The opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida albicans possesses 10 members of a secreted aspartyl proteinase (Sap) family, which are associated with fungal virulence. The C. albicans proteinases are known to induce antibody responses in humans, but the direct inhibition of Sap activity by antibody has not yet been demonstrated.

Candida albicans proteinases and host/pathogen interactions.

Candida infections are common, debilitating and often recurring fungal diseases and a problem of significant clinical importance. Candida albicans, the most virulent of the Candida spp., can cause severe mucosal and life-threatening systemic infections in immunocompromised hosts.