Targeting senescence and GATA4 in age-related cardiovascular disease: a comprehensive approach.

The growing prevalence of age-related cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) poses significant health challenges, necessitating the formulation of novel treatment approaches. GATA4, a vital transcription factor identified for modulating cardiovascular biology and cellular senescence, is recognized for its critical involvement in CVD pathogenesis. This review collected relevant studies from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct using search terms like 'GATA4,' 'cellular senescence,' 'coronary artery diseases,' 'hypertension,' 'heart failure,' 'arrhythmias,' 'congenital heart diseases,' 'cardiomyopathy,' and 'cardiovascular disease.

Exploring the Association Between Hypothyroidism, Mean Platelet Volume, and Red Cell Distribution Width: A Case-Control Study.

Background: Thyroid hormones are important in regulating hematopoiesis. Recent research has suggested that red cell distribution width (RDW) and mean platelet volume (MPV) may be useful inflammatory markers in various disorders, including thyroid disorders. Hence, the study aimed to evaluate the association between hypothyroidism, RDW, and MPV.

Efficacy of Probiotics in the Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) significantly impacts quality of life. Probiotics offer relief by modulating gut microbiota, but variability in outcomes necessitates a systematic evaluation of their efficacy. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of probiotics in improving symptoms of IBS through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Comparative efficacy of minoxidil alone versus minoxidil combined with low-level laser therapy in the treatment of androgenic alopecia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This systematic review evaluates the efficacy of minoxidil alone versus minoxidil with low-level laser therapy (LLLT) for androgenic alopecia.

Study Design: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: An online search of PubMed, Web of Science, and MEDLINE was conducted.

Artificial intelligence in thrombosis: transformative potential and emerging challenges.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), continues to pose significant clinical challenges despite advancements in medical care. Artificial intelligence (AI) presents promising opportunities to enhance the diagnosis, prediction, and management of VTE. This review examines the transformative potential of AI in thrombosis care, highlighting both the potential benefits and the challenges that need to be addressed.

Is Topical Tranexamic Acid Effective in Reducing Hematoma and Seroma in Breast Surgery? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Postoperative fluid-related complications, such as hematoma and seroma formation, are common concerns in breast surgery, adversely affecting surgical outcomes and patient recovery. Topical tranexamic acid (TXA) has emerged as a promising intervention to minimize bleeding while reducing systemic adverse effects linked to intravenous administration. However, evidence on the efficacy of topical TXA in breast surgery remains sparse.

A Saudi Heart Association Position Statement on Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes mellitus are prominent public health concerns in Saudi Arabia owing to their increasingly high prevalence and burden. Based on this, the Saudi Heart Association (SHA) set out to develop an official position statement on CVD and diabetes mellitus, with a focus on the prevention and management of these conditions and relevant special populations in the context of Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A multidisciplinary panel of experts met under the auspices of the SHA in a series of meetings to review and discuss available evidence on the prevention and management of comorbid CVD and diabetes mellitus.

An Uncommon Presentation of Tumid Lupus Erythematosus Manifesting As Annular, Non-scarring Alopecia on the Scalp.

Tumid lupus erythematosus (TLE) is a rare subtype of cutaneous lupus, which can present diagnostic challenges due to its overlapping features with other skin disorders. Understanding the clinical and histopathological characteristics of TLE is essential for accurate diagnosis and management. In this article, we describe a case of TLE in a 45-year-old man who presented with annular, urticarial, non-scarring plaques on the scalp associated with non-scarring alopecia in the affected area.

Tolerability of Sodium-Glucose Co-transporter 2 Inhibitors in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are an emerging treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The effect and tolerability of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with T2DM, especially related risk factors and susceptible populations, are an area of ongoing research. Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the tolerability of SGLT2 inhibitors, particularly the risk associated with urogenital infection, in patients with T2DM.

Navigating Children's Risky Play: A Comparative Analysis of Saudi Mothers and Fathers.

Despite documented benefits for development, children are engaging in considerably fewer risky play activities. Research on parent gender and children's risky play is inconsistent. Gender and cultural context shape how individuals perceive and tolerate children's risky play.

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in a Patient With a Lung Mass: Any Link?

A 52-year-old female patient with a history of atrial septal defect repair presented with progressive dyspnea and echocardiographic findings suggestive of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Incidentally, a lung mass was discovered on computed tomography (CT). Initial evaluation revealed World Health Organization functional class III symptoms and significant weight loss.

Association Between Preoperative Radiological Findings and Outcomes After Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Introduction Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a widely accepted surgical intervention for patients with advanced knee osteoarthritis, aimed at reducing pain and improving functional mobility. Preoperative radiological evaluations, including assessments of joint space narrowing, osteophytes, varus/valgus deformities, and subchondral sclerosis, are essential for planning the surgery and predicting postoperative outcomes. Although extensive research has been conducted internationally, data focusing on populations in Saudi Arabia remain limited.

Comparison of 4-factor fixed dose versus 4-factor weight-based dose prothrombin complex concentrate for emergent warfarin reversal: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the efficacy, safety, time to INR reversal, total volume of 4-factor prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) administered of fixed-dose versus weight-based dosing strategies in patients requiring urgent warfarin reversal, with specific focus on clinical outcomes such as hemostatic efficacy, thromboembolic events, and mortality rates.

Methods: A comprehensive systematic review was conducted using the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases from inception through October 2023. We searched for randomized clinical trials or observational studies that compared efficacy or safety outcomes of fixed-dose vs.

Hand Rejuvenation Using Autologous Fat Grafting: A Systematic Review of Recommended Doses, Complications, and Patient Satisfaction.

Introduction: Hand rejuvenation addresses aging-related changes such as subcutaneous fat loss, skin degradation, and photodamage. Autologous fat transfer (AFT) has emerged as a promising treatment, offering durable volume augmentation and regenerative effects. This study aims to systematically review the evidence on the techniques, outcomes, and complications of AFT for hand rejuvenation.

Off-pump Laks-type central shunt for tricuspid atresia with small branch pulmonary arteries.

Prostaglandin E1 is a potent vasodilator that prevents the ductus arteriosus from closing. Its use in neonates with cyanotic heart defects has revolutionized the management of children with cyanotic heart defects. Although the use of prostaglandin E1 is a temporary solution, the establishment of dependable pulmonary blood flow is of paramount importance.

Oncogenic Osteomalacia as the Initial Presentation of Pleural Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma: A Case Report.

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare form of vascular neoplasm that can manifest with various symptoms or be discovered incidentally in asymptomatic patients. In this report, we describe a case of a 56-year-old male who presented with progressive lower limb weakness over four years. The evaluation revealed severe hypophosphatemia, an inappropriately normal fibroblast growth factor 23 C-terminal (cFGF-23) level, and a 30 x 20 mm hypermetabolic right pleural mass, which was subsequently proven to be EHE.

Examining the Impact of Digital Detox Interventions on Anxiety and Depression Levels Among Young Adults.

Background: With increasing reliance on digital devices, concerns about their impact on mental health have grown, particularly among young adults.

Aim: This study aims to evaluate the impact of a digital detox intervention on reducing anxiety and depression among young adults across diverse demographic backgrounds.

Methods: A pre-test, followed by a digital detox intervention, and a post-test using an online survey was carried out.

Prophylactic administration of PEPITEM in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis delays disease onset, inhibits leukocyte infiltration, and alleviates severity.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, immune-mediated neurological disorder in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the myelin sheath, affecting the communication between the brain and the rest of the body.

Objective: This study investigated the prophylactic use of peptide inhibitor of trans-endothelial migration (PEPITEM), a novel peptide, in alleviating experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model for Multiple Sclerosis (MS).

Methods: Female C57BL/6 female mice were assigned to the control, untreated EAE, or PEPITEM group.

Preoperative smoking cessation interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Smoking is the leading single cause of preventable death in England and also increases the risk of postoperative complications. The preoperative period is a potential opportunity to introduce smoking cessation interventions to smokers to reduce the risk of postoperative complications. A systematic search was conducted to find all studies that investigated the effectiveness of preoperative smoking cessation interventions.

Saudi dental postgraduate education (2013-2023): demographic shifts and potential employment challenges.

Background: Dentistry is essential for oral health, focusing on the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of oral diseases. In recent decades, Saudi Arabia has expanded its dental education system, adding new dental schools and postgraduate programs to meet the growing demand for professionals. This study provided a detailed analysis of the trends and demographic characteristics of dental postgraduate programs in Saudi Arabia between 2013 and 2023.

Multiomics dissection of human RAG deficiency reveals distinctive patterns of immune dysregulation but a common inflammatory signature.

Human recombination-activating gene (RAG) deficiency can manifest with distinct clinical and immunological phenotypes. By applying a multiomics approach to a large group of -mutated patients, we aimed at characterizing the immunopathology associated with each phenotype. Although defective T and B cell development is common to all phenotypes, patients with hypomorphic variants can generate T and B cells with signatures of immune dysregulation and produce autoantibodies to a broad range of self-antigens, including type I interferons.

Popularity and Perceptions of Protein Supplementation: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Undergraduate University Students Aged 18 to 25 Years in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Background And Aim:  Young adults, particularly those aged 18-25, exhibit varying perceptions and choices regarding the use of protein supplements (PS). Understanding these perceptions can significantly enhance professional guidance and nutrition education for undergraduate students. This study, conducted in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, aims to explore the perceptions of PS use and identify the most popular PS among university students.

Paramedics and emergency medical technicians' perceptions of geriatric trauma care in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Saudi ambulance clinicians face unique challenges in providing prehospital care to older trauma patients. Limited geriatric-specific training and complex needs of this population hinder effective management, leading to adverse outcomes. This study explores the perceptions of Saudi ambulance clinicians regarding geriatric trauma care and identify facilitators and barriers to improved care.

Comparison of Incision Closure in Hand Plastic Surgery Using Non-absorbable Versus Absorbable Sutures: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Introduction: Surgeons prioritize scar appearance after surgery, making suture choice crucial. Traditionally, non-absorbable sutures were standard but require removal, causing patient discomfort and extra visits. Absorbable sutures, while offering convenience, might raise concerns about scar quality.