Fulminant non-traumatic Clostridium perfringens necrotizing fasciitis and myonecrosis in a child with acute myeloid leukemia.

Necrotizing fasciitis is a potentially life-threatening infection that can lead to rapid muscular and fascial necrosis, often resulting in sepsis. In addition to the rapid disease progression, diagnosing this disease in children can be challenging as they cannot accurately communicate their symptoms. Spontaneous necrotizing fasciitis secondary to Clostridial infection has rarely been described in the literature but occurs in neutropenic patients with significant morbidity and mortality from myonecrosis and gas gangrene.

Awareness, Knowledge, Attitude, and Skills (AKAS) of Telemedicine and Its Use by Primary Healthcare Providers.

Background: This study aimed to determine the rate of telemedicine (TM) use and the levels of awareness, knowledge, attitude, and skills of TM among primary healthcare (PHC) providers.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 104 PHC providers were subjected to a validated AKAS scale via Survey Monkey. The tool consists of 4 parameters that users can respond to using a 4-point Likert scale to assess their awareness (12 statements), knowledge (11 statements), attitude (11 statements), and skills (13 statements) on TM.

The assessment of liver function test and fertility hormones in Saudi athletes using anabolic androgenic steroids.

Background: A growing number of athletes are using synthetic anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS), comprised of testosterone and other derivatives, to enhance athletic performance and muscle mass. Over the years, numerous reports elucidated the side effects of the illegal use of AAS, such as infertility, and liver disorders. The effect of AAS on the hepatic and reproductive systems in Saudi athletes has not yet been studied.

An update on the prevalence of colistin and carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in aquaculture: an emerging threat to public health.

Aquaculture has been recognized as a hotspot for the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance genes conferring resistance to clinically important antibiotics. This review gives insights into studies investigating the prevalence of colistin and carbapenem resistance (CCR) among Gram-negative bacilli in aquaculture. Overall, a high incidence of CCR has been reported in aquatic farms in several countries, with CCR being more prevalent among opportunistic human pathogens such as Acinetobacter nosocomialis, Shewanella algae, Photobacterium damselae, Vibrio spp.

Symptomatic MERS-CoV infection reduces the risk of future COVID-19 disease; a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The general human immune responses similarity against different coronaviruses may reflect some degree of cross-immunity, whereby exposure to one coronavirus may confer partial immunity to another. The aim was to determine whether previous MERS-CoV infection was associated with a lower risk of subsequent COVID-19 disease and its related outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study among all patients screened for MERS-CoV at a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia between 2012 and early 2020.

Interprofessional Education in Health Informatics (IPEHI) for Health Sciences Programs.

Background: Given the significant changes the healthcare system has undergone recently; information technology has become an indispensable tool. To properly train future healthcare providers, it is vital to introduce information technology courses in Health Sciences programs. The provision of healthcare services now requires teamwork, which has led to the need for interprofessional education in health sciences schools.

Case report: Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia in a child with Brucella infection.

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a diffused microvascular occlusive disorder characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MAHA), thrombocytopenia, and ischemic organ dysfunction. In addition, this condition has been linked to an absence or dysfunction of ADAMTS13. Although TTP can occur due to various factors, such as bacteria, viruses, autoimmune disorders, drugs, connective tissue conditions, and solid tumors, it is a rare hematological complication associated with brucellosis.

Imaging in Healthcare: A Glance at the Present and a Glimpse Into the Future.

The utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) applications in medical imaging relies heavily on imaging informatics. That is a one-of-a-kind professional who works at the crossroads of clinical radiography, data science, and information technology. Imaging informaticians are becoming crucial players in expanding, assessing, and implementing AI in the medical setting.

Rapid molecular detection of CMY-2, and CTX-M group 1 and 9 variants via recombinase polymerase amplification.

Background: Due to their prevalence worldwide, the β-lactamases CTX-M and plasmid-mediated CMY-2 are important antimicrobial resistance enzymes in a clinical setting. While culture- and PCR-based detection methods exist for these targets, they are time consuming and require specialist equipment and trained personnel to carry out.

Methods: In this study, three rapid diagnostic single-plex and a prototype triplex assay were developed, using recombinase polymerase amplification with lateral flow detection (RPA-LF), and tested for their sensitivity and specificity using two isolate DNA panels ( = 90 and  = 120 isolates).

Coverage and methods of surveillance of healthcare-associated infections in Middle Eastern and North African countries.

Background: Surveillance of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) is a cornerstone for effective infection prevention and control (IPC) programs. The objective was to evaluate the coverage and methods of HAI surveillance in Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) countries.

Methods: A cross-sectional study targeted IPC staff working in MENA countries using the Infection Control Network electronic database of the Arab countries.

/ Infection in Children, Case Report, and Review of the Literature.

/ has recently been recognized as an emerging human pathogen, causing serious infection in immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. Several predisposing factors have been reported, including foreign body implants, previous surgery, or trauma. Treatment with antifungal drugs often fails as species-specific differences in antifungal susceptibilities are one of the management challenges.

Efficacy and Safety of SGLT2 Inhibitors as Adjunctive Treatment in Type 1 Diabetes in a Tertiary Care Center in Saudi Arabia.

 Adjunctive treatment with sodium-glucose co-transporters 2 inhibitors (SGLT2- I) has been successfully used in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in recent years to improve glycemic control and reduce body weight without increasing the risk of hypoglycemia; however, there is a scarcity of evidence for real-world experience in their use in T1DM Saudi patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of empagliflozin as off-label adjunctive therapy in Saudi patients with T1DM.  This study was a retrospective study for T1DM patients, who were prescribed empagliflozin as an adjunctive therapy.

Case Report: Prolonged CSF PCR Positivity in a Neonate With GBS Meningitis.

Bacterial meningitis is one of the critical diseases that needs to be diagnosed and treated promptly. Recent diagnostics of high sensitivity and specificity rates, such as PCR, helped with such presentation, especially in cases with prior antibiotics that led to culture negativity. However, the time window of PCR positivity is not well-studied, with scattered reports of different periods of positivity.

Rapid detection of NDM and VIM carbapenemase encoding genes by recombinase polymerase amplification and lateral flow-based detection.

Carbapenemase-producing organisms (CPOs) pose a serious clinical threat and rapid detection tools are essential to aid in patient management. We developed rapid and simple molecular tests to detect bla and bla carbapenemase genes using recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) combined with a lateral flow detection. The tests could provide results in approximately 15 min when using DNA extracts, with limits of detection of 9.

Interprofessional Cooperation: An Interventional Study Among Saudi Healthcare Teaching Staff at King Saud University.

Background: Collaborative interprofessional practice improves health outcomes. Interprofessional education (IPE) is essential in improving this collaboration and the quality of care. Although the majority of IPE research focuses on students, the delivery of IPE requires multiple levels of support within educational institutions, particularly teaching staff that are positive about and advocate for IPE.

Highlights of the Management of Adult Histiocytic Disorders: Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis, Erdheim-Chester Disease, Rosai-Dorfman Disease, and Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis.

Histiocytic disorders are an exceptionally rare group of diseases with diverse manifestations and a paucity of approved treatments, thereby leading to various challenges in their diagnosis and management. With the discovery of novel molecular targets and the incorporation of targeted agents in the management of various adult histiocytic disorders, their management has become increasingly complex. In an attempt to improve the understanding of the clinical features and management of common adult histiocytic disorders (Langerhans cell histiocytosis, Erdheim-Chester disease, Rosai-Dorfman disease, and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis), we created this document based on existing literature and expert opinion.

Chemical profile and therapeutic potentials of Xylocarpus moluccensis (Lam.) M. Roem.: A literature-based review.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Historically, mangrove plants are among the potential sources of foods and remedies for humans living in the forests and nearby communities. Xylocarpus moluccensis (Lam.) M.

Psychometric Properties of the Moore Index of Nutrition Self-Care in Arabic: A Study among Saudi Adolescents at King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Method: The psychometric characteristics of MIN-SC were assessed using college freshman students at King Saud University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The validity and reliability were examined using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The construct validity was examined through principal component analysis.

Schwannoma Misdiagnosed as Adrenal Adenoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Schwannoma is a benign neurogenic tumor originating from the neural sheath of Schwann cells. It is an extremely rare cause of adrenal adenoma which is very difficult to diagnose preoperatively. We report the case of a right adrenal schwannoma discovered incidentally in a 62-year-old woman during evaluation of right flank pain.

Early onset of Fazio-Londe syndrome: the first case report from the Arabian Peninsula.

Fazio-Londe syndrome is a rare neurological disorder presenting with sensorineural deafness, bulbar palsy and respiratory compromise that is caused by mutation in the gene, which encodes the intestinal (hRFT2) riboflavin transporter. We report a patient with early onset of Fazio-Londe syndrome as the first case report in Saudi Arabia with rapid regression to death at 24 months of age.

Perspectives of primary health care physicians on diagnosing and referring patients with apparent osteolytic lesions on plain X-ray films: a cross-sectional study.

Background And Objectives: The identification and diagnosis of musculoskeletal symptoms are major challenges for primary care physicians. A lack of clinical suspicion, limited exposure, and referral of patients to nonspecialized centers can delay the management of cases, which in turn can increase morbidity and mortality.

Subjects And Methods: Four different sets of X-ray films were shown to 91 primary health care physicians.

Strengths and weaknesses of using conferencing technologies to support drug policy knowledge exchange.

This paper outlines the experiences with and lessons learned from the use of conferencing technologies in supporting knowledge exchange groups. We discuss the strengths and weaknesses of these technologies when used to support distant knowledge exchange activities within drug policy groups. The strengths and weaknesses of face-to-face meetings are also discussed.

Early development of an enterprise health data warehouse.

The purpose of this study is to describe early development challenges of an enterprise data warehouse within a Saudi Arabian academic healthcare facility. An action case research method was selected for this paper. The study took place between December 2009 and February 2010.

Development of a graduate level course in e-Health and Emerging Technology in Saudi Arabia.

This paper provides an overview of a newly developed course in E-health and Emerging Technology for King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS) Masters of Health Informatics program. The paper provides an overview of the program, description on the course development process, instructional methods, and course evaluation. The paper also describes the faculty's experience in the development of the course.