Berberine ameliorates seizure activity and cardiac dysfunction in pentylenetetrazol-kindling seizures in rats: Modulation of sigma1 receptor, Akt/eNOS signaling, and ferroptosis.

Seizures can lead to cardiac dysfunction. Multiple pathways contribute to this phenomenon, of which the chaperone sigma-1 receptor (S1R) signaling represents a promising nexus between the abnormalities seen in both epilepsy and ensuing cardiac complications. The study explored the potential of Berberine (BER), a promising S1R agonist, in treating epilepsy and associated cardiac abnormalities in a pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) kindling rat model of epilepsy.

Dietary purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) leaf powder maintains growth and intestinal health in Oreochromis niloticus under chronic water-borne cadmium exposure by strengthening the gut barriers, modulating the intestinal nutrient transporters, and relieving oxidative stress.

High cadmium (Cd) concentrations pose a threat to aquatic life globally. This study examined the efficiency of adding purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) leaf powder (PLP) to Oreochromis niloticus diets on Cd's negative effects.

New Benzofuran-Pyrazole-Based Compounds as Promising Antimicrobial Agents: Design, Synthesis, DNA Gyrase B Inhibition, and In Silico Studies.

Background/objectives: The alarming rise in antibiotic resistance necessitates the discovery of novel antimicrobial agents. This study aims to design, synthesize, and evaluate new benzofuran-pyrazole-based compounds for their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties.

Methods: New benzofuran-pyrazole hybrid molecules were synthesized using the Vilsmeier-Haach reaction and other chemical processes.

Navigating Fish Immunity: Focus on Mucosal Immunity and the Evolving Landscape of Mucosal Vaccines.

The growing role of aquaculture in global food security has underscored the need for advanced immunological insights to protect fish health and boost productivity. As aquaculture's importance rises, understanding fish immunity is crucial for developing effective vaccination strategies. Fish possess a specialized immune system with unique mucosal structures that enable resilience in aquatic environments.

Antimicrobial activity of Monascus purpureus-derived red pigments against Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus faecalis.

The rise of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms (AMR) poses a significant global challenge to human health and economic stability. In response, various scientific communities are seeking safe alternatives to antibiotics. This study comprehensively investigates the antibacterial effects of red dye derived from Monascus purpureus against three bacterial pathogens: Salmonella typhimurium ATCC14028, Escherichia coli ATCC8739, and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC25923.

Silver nanoparticles immobilized on crosslinked vinyl polymer for catalytic reduction of nitrophenol: experimental and computational studies.

The removal of toxic nitrophenols from the industrial wastewater is urgently needed from health, environmental and economic aspects. The present study deals with the synthesis of crosslinked vinyl polymer Poly(divinylbenzene) (poly(DVB)) through free radical polymerization technique using AIBN as initiator and acetonitrile as solvent. The prepared polymer was used as a support for silver nanoparticles via chemical reduction of silver nitrate on the polymer network.

Tryptophan and/or canthaxanthin in quail diets: effects on performance, carcass traits, hematology, blood chemistry and hepatic antioxidant capacity.

To enhance the health and performance of poultry, novel approaches have to be created. Using appropriate nutritional interventions to enhance body physiology and thus enhance productivity is one of these approaches. The purpose of the present investigation intended to examine how growing quail physiology and growth is affected by supplementing diets with tryptophan (Trp) and/or canthaxanthin (CX).

Tramadol-related fatalities: Metabolic ratios & SNPs/INDELs belonging to UGT1A8, UGT2B7, ABCC2, and SLC22A1.

Genetic polymorphism can cause variation in tramadol (TR) pharmacokinetic characteristics and the expected clinical response. In forensic toxicology, the data about parent and metabolite concentrations (MRs; metabolic ratios) could facilitate to determine the cause of death and to assess time between drug intake and death. In this study, the aim was to investigate if UGT1A8, UGT2B7, ABCC2, and SLC22A1 genotyping can facilitate interpretation by investigating the frequency of UGT1A8, UGT2B7, ABCC2, and SLC22A1 genotypes in forensic autopsy cases positive for TR and to assess whether there is a correlation between these genetic variants and MRs.

Sulfonamide-Pyrazole derivatives as next-generation Cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme inhibitors: From molecular design to in vivo efficacy.

The current research focuses on the design and synthesis of celecoxib analogues incorporating sulphonamide and pyrazole moieties (4, 5, 6a-e, and 7a-f) with the aim of achieving a broad range of COX-2 selectivity in vitro. Among these, compounds 6b-d, 7a, 7e, and 7d exhibited potent inhibition, with IC values ranging between 0.05 and 0.

The potential effects of corn cob biochar on mitigating pendimethalin-induced toxicity in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Effects on hematological, biochemical, antioxidant-immune parameters, and histopathological alterations.

This study aims to examine the restorative impact of corn cob biochar (CCB) on pendimethalin (PMD)-induced toxicity in Oreochromis niloticus. Fish were divided into four groups: the first control group without treatment, the second group (CCB) exposed to 10 g CCB/L, the third group (PDM) exposed to 0.355 mg PDM/L, and the fourth group (PDM+ CCB) receiving both 0.

Whole genome sequence and LC-Mass for identifying antimicrobial metabolites of Bacillus licheniformis endophyte.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a critical public health issue that requiring immediate action. Wild halophytic plants can be the solution for the AMR crisis because they harbor unique endophytes capable of producing potent antimicrobial metabolites. This study aimed at identifying promising and antimicrobial metabolites produced by endophytic/epiphytic bacteria recovered from the wild Bassia scoparia plant.

Garlic peel-based carbon quantum dots as a sustainable alternative for the sensitive and green spectrofluorometric quantification of molnupiravir in pharmaceutical capsules.

Searching for natural alternatives to replace environmentally harmful chemical reagents in analysis is just as crucial as finding easily accessible analytical tools. To reinforce these concepts, this study proposes a simple spectrofluorometric approach using natural carbon quantum dots (n-CQDs) as fluorescence probes for sensitive and environmentally friendly measurement of molnupiravir, an antiviral drug that was initially developed for influenza and has demonstrated potential efficacy against COVID-19. n-CQDs were synthesized using garlic peels (GP), a waste material, via a microwave-assisted method.

A Novel Ultrasensitive Second Derivative Synchronous Spectrofluorimetric Approach for the Simultaneous Analysis of the Co-Administered Antihypertensives, Telmisartan and Carvedilol in Biological Fluids and Tablets: Greenness and Blueness Assessment.

Hypertension is the predominant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and mortality. This study presents the first method for the simultaneous analysis of the co-administered antihypertensive drugs, Carvedilol (CAR) and Telmisartan (TEL) using a fast, highly sensitive, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetric approach. The fluorescence of CAR and TEL was quantified at 243 nm and 274.

Reconstruction of rabbit corneal epithelium using adipose and / or bone marrow stem cells.

One of the main causes of corneal blindness is corneal alkali burn, which can also result in serious side effects such as limbal stem cell deficit, corneal perforation, and permanent epithelial abnormalities. This study set out to investigate the therapeutic potential of ADMSCs and BMMSCs for the reconstruction of the corneal surface after chemical alkali burn. Twelve adult rabbits were divided equally into four groups.

Biological and computational assessments of thiazole derivative-reinforced bile salt enriched nano carriers: a new gate in targeting SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.

There is merit in investigating novel therapeutic molecules that hit vital targets during the viral infection cycle disrupting the interaction between SARS-CoV-2's spike glycoprotein and the host's angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, potentially offering new avenues for treatment. Accordingly, lipid-based vesicular systems like liposomes or niosomes are frequently utilized to overcome these hurdles. Thus, chemically synthesized compounds were encapsulated within PEGylated bilosomes (PBs) to improve their solubility and intestinal permeability, thereby enhancing their anti-SARS-CoV-2 effectiveness.

A Modified Green Star Area (MoGSA) and software to assess greenness of reactions in the chemistry laboratories.

The environmental and health impacts of chemical processes have been a growing concern, leading to the establishment of Green Chemistry principles. Introducing new metrics for the assessment of methods' greenness is crucial to evaluate the exerted efforts to conserve the environment. In this work, we introduce a Modified Green Star Area (MoGSA) and software to assess the greenness of chemical reactions in laboratory settings.

User-Friendliness Evaluation of Handling pMDI with Various Add-on Devices in Asthmatic Patients.

The objective of this study was to assess the use of pMDI alone and pMDI with different spacers in asthmatic patients and to identify any associations between errors in handling the device for the first time and the sessions needed to reach the correct handling method, considering patient demographics and clinical characteristics. A total of 150 Asthmatic patients were crossed over to handle pMDI alone and with add-on inhalable devices (Aerochamber plus, Tips Haler, Able, Dispozable and Aer-8) randomly, without receiving verbal or demonstrative instruction (baseline assessment). The assessment of the inhaler technique was performed using checklists that had been set beforehand.

Biofabricated zinc oxide nanoparticles mitigate acrylamide-induced immune toxicity and modulate immune-related genes and microRNA in rats.

This study evaluated the potential efficacy of eco-friendly biofabricated zinc oxide nanoparticles (GS-ZnONP) (10 mg/kg b.wt) to reduce the impacts of long-term oral acrylamide (ALD) exposure (20 mg/kg b.wt) on the blood cells, immune components, splenic oxidative status, and expression of CD20, CD3, CD4, CD8, TNF-α, caspase-3, microRNA-181a-5p, and microRNA-125-5p in rats in a 60-day experiment.

The role of marine bacteria in modulating the environmental impact of heavy metals, microplastics, and pesticides: a comprehensive review.

Bacteria assume a pivotal role in mitigating environmental issues associated with heavy metals, microplastics, and pesticides. Within the domain of heavy metals, bacteria exhibit a wide range of processes for bioremediation, encompassing biosorption, bioaccumulation, and biotransformation. Toxigenic metal ions can be effectively sequestered, transformed, and immobilized, hence reducing their adverse environmental effects.

Exploring geographic variations in quinoa grains: Unveiling anti-Alzheimer activity via GC-MS, LC-QTOF-MS/MS, molecular networking, and chemometric analysis.

Quinoa is an ancient Andean crop with a significant interest due to its nutritional and health benefits. This work provides a comprehensive metabolite profiling of five commercially available quinoa grains from diverse geographical origins. GC-MS analysis of primary metabolites identified sugars, sugar derivatives, and lipids as the predominant classes.

Sigma-1 receptor modulation by fluvoxamine ameliorates valproic acid-induced autistic behavior in rats: Involvement of chronic ER stress modulation, enhanced autophagy and M1/M2 microglia polarization.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder. While, fluvoxamine (FVX) is an antidepressant and widely prescribed to ASD patients, clinical results are inconclusive and the mechanism of FVX in the management of ASD is unclear. This study determined the potential therapeutic impact of FVX, a sigma-1 receptor (S1R) agonist, against the valproic acid (VPA)-induced model of autism.

Thyroid gland dysfunction and keratoconus.

Background: The association between keratoconus and thyroid gland dysfunction (TGD) remains controversial. We aimed to determine the frequency of keratoconus among patients with laboratory-confirmed, treatment-naive TGD compared with that of age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Moreover, we investigated the potential relationship between TGD and corneal topographic and tomographic parameters.