Studies on surface modification of polypropylene composite bipolar plates using an electroless deposition technique.

A direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is predominantly noticeable because it can convert chemical energy directly into electrical energy with higher energy conversion efficiency (∼65%) compared to the efficiency of traditional combustion engines (40%) and with lower emissions. Henceforth, it is one of the new electrical generators that is becoming an important source of cleaner power in modern life. One of the key obstacles in designing and assembling the DMFC is contact resistance between interfaces of fuel cell components.

The observation of supercapacitor effects on PEMFC-supercapacitor hybridization performance through voltage degradation and electrochemical processes.

In the cities in the future, seeing electric vehicles on the roads will be as ordinary an occurrence as seeing internal combustion engine cars today. Electric vehicles can greatly benefit from utilizing polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) because they provide higher efficiency (40-50%) and are more environmentally friendly. However, there are some major drawbacks to using PEMFCs as electrical sources in vehicles; these are energy balance and management issues that must be addressed to meet vehicle power and energy requirements.