Analyzing determinants of premature trial discontinuation in leukemia clinical trials.

Clinical trials are crucial for improving patient outcomes. Although a significant number of trials are discontinued prematurely, our understanding of factors influencing early termination is limited. We conducted a comprehensive search of ClinicalTrials.

Mutational analysis of the gene in patients with unilateral retinoblastoma.

Purpose: Retinoblastoma, a childhood cancer originating in the retina, is primarily attributed to pathogenic RB1 mutations The aim of this study is to conduct a mutational analysis of the RB1 gene in cases of unilateral Retinoblastoma among individuals within the Jordanian population.

Methods: In this study, the peripheral blood of 50 unilateral Rb patients was collected, genomic DNA was extracted, and mutations were identified using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) analysis.

Results: In this cohort of 50 unrelated patients with unilateral Rb, the median age at diagnosis was eight months (mean, 12 months; range; 2 weeks to 54 months).

Outcomes of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in 813 pediatric patients with Fanconi anemia.

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only established curative option for Fanconi anemia (FA)-associated bone marrow failure (BMF)/aplastic anemia (AA) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML)/myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). We performed a retrospective multicenter study on 813 children with FA undergoing first HSCT between 2010 and 2018. Median duration of follow-up was 3.

Presentation and management of delayed bronchopleural fistula after pulmonary lobectomy: a case report.

Background: Lung cancer is the second most diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Surgical lung resection is the best treatment modality in the early stages of lung cancer as well as in some locally advanced cases. Postoperative air leak is one of the most common complications after pulmonary resection with incidence ranging between 20 and 33%.

The Arabic EAT-10 and FEES in dysphagia screening among cancer patients: a comparative prospective study.

Head and neck cancer treatments, such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery, have diverse effects on patients, leading to dysphagia as a significant post-treatment issue. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Arabic version of the EAT-10 screening instrument (A-EAT-10) using Fiber-Optic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES) as an imperfect gold standard. Additionally, we seek to establish a correlation between A-EAT-10 and PEG tube insertion in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients.

Alternative donor transplantation for severe aplastic anemia: a comparative study of the SAAWP EBMT.

Selecting the most suitable alternative donor becomes challenging in severe aplastic anemia (SAA) when a matched sibling donor (MSD) is unavailable. We compared outcomes in patients with SAA undergoing stem cell transplantation (SCT) from matched unrelated donors (MUD) (n = 1106), mismatched unrelated donors (MMUD) (n = 340), and haploidentical donors (Haplo) (n = 206) registered in the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation database (2012-2021). For Haplo SCT, only those receiving posttransplant cyclophosphamide for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis were included.

The Impact of Tumor Laterality (Unilateral vs. Bilateral) on Presentation and Management Outcome in Patients with Retinoblastoma.

This study compares the outcomes of managing retinoblastoma between patients with unilateral and bilateral presentations. The study, conducted at the King Hussein Cancer Center in Amman, Jordan, retrospectively analyzed cases of retinoblastoma treated between March 2003 and December 2019. Evaluation criteria included clinical features, disease stage, treatment methods, and overall management outcomes.

Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation for Fanconi Anemia With a Special Focus on Late Complications: a Study on Behalf of Eurocord and SAAWP-EBMT.

Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) remains the sole available curative treatment for Fanconi anemia (FA), with particularly favorable outcomes reported after matched sibling donor (MSD) HCT. This study aimed to describe outcomes, with a special focus on late complications, of FA patients who underwent umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT). In this retrospective analysis of allogeneic UCBT for FA performed between 1988 and 2021 in European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT)-affiliated centers, a total of 205 FA patients underwent UCBT (55 related and 150 unrelated) across 77 transplant centers.

Prostate cancer clinical trials in low- and middle-income countries.

Background: Prostate cancer is the second most common form of cancer and a leading cause of cancer-related death in men. In an era of evidence-based medicine, clinical trials play a critical role, and adherence to best practices is crucial in managing complicated and non-communicable diseases, such as prostate cancer. For this reason, extrapolating research conducted in high-income countries (HICs) to low-middle-income countries (LMICs) may lead to incorrect findings or treatment plans for patients in these areas.

From Molecular Biology to Novel Immunotherapies and Nanomedicine in Uveal Melanoma.

Molecular biology studies of uveal melanoma have resulted in the development of novel immunotherapy approaches including tebentafusp-a T cell-redirecting bispecific fusion protein. More biomarkers are currently being studied. As a result, combined immunotherapy is being developed as well as immunotherapy with bifunctional checkpoint inhibitory T cell engagers and natural killer cells.

Health-related quality of life of pediatric brain tumor survivors after treatment in Jordan.

Background: The number of cancer survivors and survivorship are increasing. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) has not been widely studied in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs). The aim of this study is to explore HRQOL of childhood brain tumor survivors and its determinants in Jordan.

Stress, resilience, and moral distress among health care providers in oncology during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The coronavirus pandemic has potential implications for stress levels and resilience among oncology healthcare professionals (HCPs). This study aims to assess perceived stress, resilience, and moral distress levels among oncology HCPs in Jordan during the pandemic and identify associated risk factors.

Methods: An online cross-sectional survey was conducted among oncology HCPs in Jordan using three validated tools: Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RSIC), and Moral Distress Thermometer (MDT).

National Palliative Care Strategy in a Conflict Affected Country: A Jordanian Demonstration Project.

Context: Palliative care (PC) integration is vital, as endorsed by the World Health Organization. Yet, Jordan, a Middle Eastern country with limited resources, faces ongoing challenges despite efforts to improve palliative and home care. Establishing a national PC strategic framework, with government and stakeholder consensus, is essential for ensuring universal access to high-quality palliative care.

Needlestick and sharps injuries among healthcare workers in an oncology setting: a retrospective 7-year cross-sectional study.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of needlestick and sharps injuries (NSSIs) and associated factors among healthcare workers (HCWs) at King Hussein Cancer Centre (KHCC), Amman, Jordan.

Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study undertook a chart review of all HCWs that reported an NSSI between January 2015 and December 2021. Data collected included sociodemographic factors including age, sex, qualifications, and predictors of NSSIs such as working hours, work shift, and specific job roles within the oncology setting, work experience in KHCC, overall work experience and occupational category.

Safety and Efficacy of Brolucizumab in the Treatment of Diabetic Macular Edema and Diabetic Retinopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and safety of brolucizumab in diabetic macular edema (DME) and diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, an electronic search was done to acquire all articles describing brolucizumab use in patients with DME and DR. The review was prospectively registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022382625).

Revising and exploring the variations in methodologies for establishing the diagnostic reference levels for paediatric PET/CT imaging.

PET-computed tomography (PET/CT) is a hybrid imaging technique that combines anatomical and functional information; to investigate primary cancers, stage tumours, and track treatment response in paediatric oncology patients. However, there is debate in the literature about whether PET/CT could increase the risk of cancer in children, as the machine is utilizing two types of radiation, and paediatric patients have faster cell division and longer life expectancy. Therefore, it is essential to minimize radiation exposure by justifying and optimizing PET/CT examinations and ensure an acceptable image quality.

Comparing MitoQ10 and heat therapy: Evaluating mechanisms and therapeutic potential for polycystic ovary syndrome induced by circadian rhythm disruption.

Environmental factors, such as sleep restriction, contribute to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) by causing hyperinsulinemia, hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, and oligo- or anovulation. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of circadian rhythm disruption on reproductive and metabolic functions and investigate the potential therapeutic benefits of MitoQ10 and hot tub therapy (HTT). Sixty female rats were divided into six groups: control, MitoQ10, HTT, and three groups with PCOS induced by continuous light exposure(L/L).

The need of patients living with cancer for palliative care.

Background: A comprehensive assessment of patients' problems and needs is essential for all patients with chronic diseases, including cancer.

Aim: This study assesses the problems, unmet needs and requirement for palliative care (PC) among patients with cancer.

Method: A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed using a valid self-reported questionnaire.

1,4-Naphthoquinone Induces FcRn Protein Expression and Albumin Recycling in Human THP-1 Cells.

The neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) has been established as a major factor in regulating the metabolism of albumin and IgG in humans by protecting them from intracellular degradation after they are endocytosed into cells. We assume that increasing the levels of endogenous FcRn proteins in cells would be beneficial to enhance the recycling of these molecules. In this study, we identify the compound 1,4-naphthoquinone as an efficient stimulator of FcRn protein expression in human THP-1 monocytic cells with potency at the submicromolar range.