Enhanced desalination with polyamide thin-film membranes using ensemble ML chemometric methods and SHAP analysis.

Addressing global freshwater scarcity requires innovative technological solutions, among which desalination through thin-film composite polyamide membranes stands out. The performance of these membranes plays a vital role in desalination, necessitating advanced predictive modeling for optimization. This study harnesses machine learning (ML) algorithms, including support vector machine (SVM), neural networks (NN), linear regression (LR), and multivariate linear regression (MLR), alongside their ensemble techniques to predict and enhance average water flux (AWF) and average salt rejection (ASR) essential metrics of desalination efficiency.

Coalescence behavior of size-selected gold and tantalum nanoclusters under electron beam irradiation: insights into nano-welding mechanisms.

The emerging technique of nano-welding (NW) precisely regulating the fusion of nanoclusters (NCs) in nanotechnology has attracted significant attention for its innovative approach. Employing the gas-phase condensation cluster source with a lateral time-of-flight (TOF) mass-selector, size-selected gold (Au), and tantalum (Ta) NCs were prepared. This study explores the coalescence behavior of size-selected Au and Ta NCs under electron beam irradiation, aiming to investigate the related mechanism governing the welding process.

Predicting micropollutant removal through nanopore-sized membranes using several machine-learning approaches based on feature engineering.

Predicting the efficacy of micropollutant separation through functionalized membranes is an arduous endeavor. The challenge stems from the complex interactions between the physicochemical properties of the micropollutants and the basic principles underlying membrane filtration. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of a modest dataset on various machine learning tools (ML) tools in predicting micropollutant removal efficiency for functionalized reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) membranes.

Architectural design and affecting factors of MXene-based textronics for real-world application.

Today, textile-based wearable electronic devices (textronics) have been developed by taking advantage of nanotechnology and textile substrates. Textile substrates offer flexibility, air permeability, breathability, and wearability, whereas, using nanomaterials offers numerous functional properties, like electrical conductivity, hydrophobicity, touch sensitivity, self-healing properties, joule heating properties, and many more. For these reasons, textronics have been extensively used in many applications.

Enhancing Li recovery in brine mining: integrating next-gen emotional AI and explainable ML to predict adsorption energy in crown ether-based hierarchical nanomaterials.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is being employed in brine mining to enhance the extraction of lithium, vital for the manufacturing of lithium-ion batteries, through improved recovery efficiencies and the reduction of energy consumption. An innovative approach was proposed combining Emotional Neural Networks (ENN) and Random Forest (RF) algorithms to elucidate the adsorption energy (AE) (kcal mol) of Li ions by utilizing crown ether (CE)-incorporated honeycomb 2D nanomaterials. The screening and feature engineering analysis of honeycomb-patterned 2D materials and individual CE were conducted through Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Gaussian 16 simulations.

Dynamics of droplet motion over hydrophobic surfaces with functionalized and non-functionalized ferro particles.

Dynamically manipulating droplet motion on hydrophobic surfaces is crucial in various fields, including biomedical, sensing, actuation, and oil-water separation applications. Ferrofluid droplets can be manipulated and controlled using external magnetic forces. The creation of ferrofluids involves multiple procedures that can affect the functionality and stability of droplet manipulation, limiting their use in sustainable applications.

Correction: Recent trends in carbon nanotube (CNT)-based biosensors for the fast and sensitive detection of human viruses: a critical review.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D2NA00236A.].

Investigation of conduction mechanism and UV light response of vertically grown ZnO nanorods on an interdigitated electrode substrate.

Vertically aligned zinc oxide nanorod (ZnO-NR) growth was achieved through a wet chemical route over a comb-shaped working area of an interdigitated Ag-Pd alloy signal electrode. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy images confirmed the formation of homogeneous ZnO-NRs grown uniformly over the working area. X-ray diffraction revealed single-phase formation of ZnO-NRs, further confirmed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis.

Recent trends in carbon nanotube (CNT)-based biosensors for the fast and sensitive detection of human viruses: a critical review.

The current COVID-19 pandemic, with its numerous variants including Omicron which is 50-70% more transmissible than the previously dominant Delta variant, demands a fast, robust, cheap, and easily deployed identification strategy to reduce the chain of transmission, for which biosensors have been shown as a feasible solution at the laboratory scale. The use of nanomaterials has significantly enhanced the performance of biosensors, and the addition of CNTs has increased detection capabilities to an unrivaled level. Among the various CNT-based detection systems, CNT-based field-effect transistors possess ultra-sensitivity and low-noise detection capacity, allowing for immediate analyte determination even in the presence of limited analyte concentrations, which would be typical of early infection stages.

Influence of VO based structures and smart coatings on weather resistance for boosting the thermochromic properties of smart window applications.

Vanadium dioxide (VO)-based energy-saving smart films or coatings aroused great interest in scientific research and industry due to the reversible crystalline structural transition of VO from the monoclinic to tetragonal phase around room temperature, which can induce significant changes in transmittance and reflectance in the infrared (IR) range. However, there are still some obstacles for commercial application of VO-based films or coatings in our daily life, such as the high phase transition temperature (68 °C), low luminous transmittance, solar modulation ability, and poor environmental stability. Particularly, due to its active nature chemically, VO is prone to gradual oxidation, causing deterioration of optical properties during very long life span of windows.

Nanomaterials and hybrid nanocomposites for CO capture and utilization: environmental and energy sustainability.

Anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO) emissions have dramatically increased since the industrial revolution, building up in the atmosphere and causing global warming. Sustainable CO capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) techniques are required, and materials and technologies for CO capture, conversion, and utilization are of interest. Different CCUS methods such as adsorption, absorption, biochemical, and membrane methods are being developed.

Correction: Rapid kinetic evaluation of homogeneous single-site metallocene catalysts and cyclic diene: how do the catalytic activity, molecular weight, and diene incorporation rate of olefins affect each other?

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D1RA06243C.].

ZIF-95 as a filler for enhanced gas separation performance of polysulfone membrane.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are found to be promising porous crystalline materials for application in gas separation. Considering that mixed matrix membranes usually increase the gas separation performance of a polymer by increasing selectivity, permeability, or both (, perm-selectivity), the zeolitic imidazole framework-95 (ZIF-95) MOF was dispersed for the first time in polysulfone (PSF) polymer to form mixed matrix membranes (MMMs), namely, ZIF-95/PSF. The fabricated ZIF-95/PSF membranes were examined for the separation of various gases.

Rapid kinetic evaluation of homogeneous single-site metallocene catalysts and cyclic diene: how do the catalytic activity, molecular weight, and diene incorporation rate of olefins affect each other?

The kinetics and mechanism of ethylene and cyclic diene 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene (ENB) copolymerization catalyzed by -Et(Ind)ZrCl/[PhC][B(CF)]/triisobutylaluminium (TIBA) were investigated using a quench-labeling procedure using 2-thiophenecarbonyl chloride (TPCC). The E/ENB copolymers were characterized by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and sulfur analysis. To reduce the errors of the ethylene-diene copolymerization for the kinetics study, we selected E/ENB with steric and electronic features that permit us to elucidate the metallocene catalyst behavior against dienes.

Imidazolium based ionic liquid stabilized foams for conformance control: bulk and porous scale investigation.

Foams are typically used as a divergent fluid for conformance control in order to divert the fluid flow from a high-permeable zone into a low-permeable zone. Nevertheless, the stability of the foam still remains a challenge due to the presence of antifoaming crude oil and the harsh environment of the reservoir, such as high-temperature, high-salinity, and high-pressure. In this study, we investigated the stability and efficacy of various surfactant generated foams with ionic liquid (IL) additives.

Graphene nanosheet-sandwiched platinum nanoparticles deposited on a graphite pencil electrode as an ultrasensitive sensor for dopamine.

An ultra-sensitive sensor of dopamine is introduced. The sensor is constructed by encapsulating platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) between reduced graphene oxide (GR) nanosheets. The sandwiched PtNPs between GR layers acted as a spacer to prevent aggregation and provided a fine connection between the GR nanosheets to provide fast charge transfer.

Porous Fluorocarbon from Rice Husk for the Efficient Separation of Gases.

A porous fluorocarbon sorbent is synthesized from rice husk (RH) in a microwave reactor and then evaluated for the adsorption of different gases (CH, CO, and N). The fluorocarbon is characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Raman spectroscopy, Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Significant enhancement in the surface area of activated carbon material is obtained from 29 to 531 m g after removing naturally present silica in RH.

Nano BEA zeolite catalysts for the selective catalytic cracking of n-dodecane to light olefins.

Nano BEA zeolite catalysts were synthesized and modified by desilication and then ion-exchanged with Co. The desilication was carried out using 0.1 M of NaOH.

Chromeno-carbonitriles as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in acidic solution: electrochemical, surface and computational studies.

Three novel -hydrospiro-chromeno-carbonitriles namely, 2-amino-7,7-dimethyl-1',3',5-trioxo-1',3',5,6,7,8-hexahydrospiro[chromene-4,2'-indene]-3-carbonitrile (INH-1), 3-amino-7,7-dimethyl-2',5-dioxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrospiro[chromene-4,3'-indoline]-2-carbonitrile (INH-2) and 3'-amino-7',7'-dimethyl-2,5'-dioxo-5',6',7',8'-tetrahydro-2-spiro[acenaphthylene-1,4'-chromene]-2'-carbonitrile (INH-3) were synthesized using the principles of green chemistry and applied as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in acidic medium using computational simulations and experimental methods. Experimental and computational studies revealed that inhibition effectiveness of the INHs followed the sequence: INH-3 (95.32%) > INH-2 (93.

Removal of mercury from polluted water by a novel composite of polymer carbon nanofiber: kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic studies.

This work aims at the synthesis of a polymer of poly-trimesoyl chloride and polyethyleneimine grafted on carbon fibers (PCF) derived from palm. The obtained PCF was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) for its structural properties. The obtained PCF was then evaluated for the removal of mercury (Hg(ii)) from aqueous solutions using batch adsorption studies at four different temperatures (298, 308, 318, and 328 K).

The synergistic influence of polyethyleneimine-grafted graphene oxide and iodide for the protection of steel in acidizing conditions.

Herein, graphene oxide (GO) was chemically functionalized with polyethyleneimine (PEI) in a single step to obtain PEI-GO, which was characterized FTIR spectroscopy, SEM, and TEM. Additionally, for the first time, PEI-GO was employed for the corrosion mitigation of carbon steel in a solution of 15% HCl. The corrosion performance of the inhibitor was evaluated by utilizing weight loss tests, electrochemical measurements with impedance analysis, electrochemical frequency modulation, and potentiodynamic polarization studies.

Anticandidal and In vitro Anti-Proliferative Activity of Sonochemically synthesized Indium Tin Oxide Nanoparticles.

The present work demonstrates the synthesis, characterization and biological activities of different concentrations of tin doped indium oxide nanoparticles (Sn doped InO NPs), i.e., (Sn/In = 5%, 10% and 15%).

A hybrid nanocomposite of CeO-ZnO-chitosan as an enhanced sensing platform for highly sensitive voltammetric determination of paracetamol and its degradation product -aminophenol.

For the determination of paracetamol (PAR) and its primary degradation product (-aminophenol, PAP) a highly selective electrochemical sensor was fabricated. A glassy carbon microspheres paste electrode (GCMPE) was modified with a CeO-ZnO-chitosan hybrid nanocomposite (CeO-ZnO-CS) which was characterized by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The CeO-ZnO-CS/GCMPE was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, and cyclic voltammetry.

Triazole-modified chitosan: a biomacromolecule as a new environmentally benign corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in a hydrochloric acid solution.

In this work, a new inhibitor, triazole modified chitosan, was synthesized for the first time following chemical modification of chitosan using 4-amino-5-methyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol. The newly synthesized biopolymer (CS-AMT) was characterized using FTIR and NMR, and then it was evaluated as an inhibitor against corrosion of carbon steel in 1 M hydrochloric acid. The corrosion testing and evaluation were performed thoroughly employing the weight loss method, electrochemical measurements and surface analysis.