Non-viral gene therapy for Leber's congenital amaurosis: progress and possibilities.

Leber's congenital amaurosis (LCA) represents a set of rare and pervasive hereditary conditions of the retina that cause severe vision loss starting in early childhood. Targeted treatment intervention has become possible thanks to recent advances in understanding LCA genetic basis. While viral vectors have shown efficacy in gene delivery, they present challenges related to safety, low cargo capacity, and the potential for random genomic integration.

Personalized dental crown design: A point-to-mesh completion network.

Designing dental crowns with computer-aided design software in dental laboratories is complex and time-consuming. Using real clinical datasets, we developed an end-to-end deep learning model that automatically generates personalized dental crown meshes. The input context includes the prepared tooth, its adjacent teeth, and the two closest teeth in the opposing jaw.

An adaptive neural network approach for resilient leader-following consensus control of multi-agent systems under cyber-attacks.

This paper addresses the dynamic neural networks (DNNs) based resilient leader-following consensus control of multi-agent systems (MASs) under unidentified false data injection (FDI) attacks. We have examined generic linear leader-following agents in the context of stochastic FDI attacks on the network topology. When information is sent from one agent to another, it is altered as a result of the attacks.

Tailored nanofibrous polyimide-based membranes for highly effective oil spill cleanup in marine ecosystems.

Oil spills pose significant environmental threats to marine ecosystems and indirectly affect human health. They are often caused by tanker accidents and pipeline leaks. The persistence of hydrocarbons in the marine environment and their long-term ecological impacts necessitate efficient remediation strategies.

Triple-Layered Noncombustible PEO-Based Solid Electrolyte for Highly Safe Lithium-Metal Batteries.

Lithium-metal batteries are currently recognized as promising next-generation technologies owing to their high energy density. Solid polymer electrolytes, particularly those based on polyethylene oxide (PEO), are lauded for their leakage resistance, safety, and flexible design. Despite the ongoing fire safety- and ionic conductivity-related concerns, a novel noncombustible solid polymer electrolytes with superior ionic conductivities are introduced here with additive decabromodiphenyl ethane and zeolite.

Centennial and decadal trends in phytoplankton communities highlight rising eutrophication along the western coast of the Arabian Gulf.

Arabian Gulf ecosystems, particularly the phytoplankton communities, are influenced by natural and human activities. We analyzed coastal sediments chronology and pigment records to explore shifts in phytoplankton in the western Arabian Gulf, where long-term records are lacking. Our results revealed significant shifts in phytoplankton abundance over the past five decades.

A generalized machine learning model for long-term coral reef monitoring in the Red Sea.

Coral reefs, despite covering less than 0.2 % of the ocean floor, harbor approximately 35 % of all known marine species, making their conservation critical. However, coral bleaching, exacerbated by climate change and phenomena such as El Niño, poses a significant threat to these ecosystems.

Influence of Polymer Concentration on the Viscous and (Linear and Non-Linear) Viscoelastic Properties of Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide Systems in Bulk Shear Field and Porous Media.

Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods are generally employed in depleted reservoirs to increase the recovery factor beyond that of water flooding. Polymer flooding is one of the major EOR methods. EOR polymer solutions (especially the synthetic ones characterized by flexible chains) that flow through porous media are not only subjected to shearing forces but also extensional deformation, and therefore, they exhibit not only Newtonian and shear thinning behavior but also shear thickening behavior at a certain porous media shear rate/velocity.

Issues and challenges of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalysts.

Depletion of oil and gas resources is a major concern for researchers and the global community. Researchers are trying to develop a way to overcome these issues using the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) process. The FTS reaction converts a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide gases into a liquid fuel.

Intensifying droughts render more Sahel drylands unsuitable for cultivation.

Two-fifth of the world's population will be confronted by dire land and water shortage for food production by 2050. Here we provide nuanced insights into the Sahel dryland dynamics and rationale behind its underperforming croplands amid climate extremes. We develop a gridded multi-criteria drought index for the growing season (June-October) and analyse its spatial and temporal degree of uniformity to designate the drought, climate and cultivable zones.

Efficient Removal of Mercury from Wastewater Solutions by a Nitrogen-Doped Hyper-Crosslinked Polyamine.

Mercury, a highly toxic metal and pollutant, poses a significant risk to human health and the environment. This study describes the synthesis of a new nitrogen-doped heteroaromatic hyper-crosslinked polyamine () via the polycondensation of 2,6-diaminopyrazine and tris(4-formylphenyl)amine for the efficient removal of mercury ions from aqueous solutions. The polymer was characterized by solid-state C-NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy.

Synthetic biology of metabolic cycles for Enhanced CO capture and Sequestration.

In most organisms, the tri-carboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle) is an essential metabolic system that is involved in both energy generation and carbon metabolism. Its uni-directionality, however, restricts its use in synthetic biology and carbon fixation. Here, it is describing the use of the modified TCA cycle, called the Tri-carboxylic acid Hooked to Ethylene by Enzyme Reactions and Amino acid Synthesis, the reductive tricarboxylic acid branch/4-hydroxybutyryl-CoA/ethylmalonyl-CoA/acetyl-CoA (THETA) cycle, in Escherichia coli for the purposes of carbon fixation and amino acid synthesis.

Study of a grid-connected floating photovoltaic power plant of 1.0 MW installed capacity in Saudi Arabia.

To mitigate the environmental effects of burning fossil fuels for power generation, clean, self-renewing, and efficient technologies are being developed and used. Photovoltaics have received attention during the last decades to supplement conventional power production systems. Photovoltaic technology has advanced in the eyes of developers, policymakers, and investors due to the consistently falling costs of photovoltaic panels and improving control systems.

Drug delivery based exosomes uptake pathways.

Most cells secrete a material called extracellular vesicles (EVs), which play a crucial role in cellular communication. Exosomes are one of the most studied types of EVs. Recent research has shown the many functions and substrates of cellular exosomes.

A comparative study for ferro particles cloaking and wetting characteristics.

Ferro hydrophobic particles possess essential properties for controlling the behavior of suspended substances in water. By adjusting the concentration of these particles, the magnetic force within the fluid carrier can be modified, leading to the emergence of distinct flow structures and patterns on the water's surface. This study examines the cloaking phenomenon exhibited by different ferroparticle conditions, employing both experimental and numerical approaches.

Influence of meaningfulness of work and leadership characteristics on customer-directed counterproductive work behavior resulting from customer mistreatment.

This study explored the impact of customer mistreatment on counterproductive work behavior (CWB) and the moderating role of supervisor responses (self-sacrificial and self-serving leadership) to clarify why customer-directed CWB occurs and how it can be reduced. A sample of 392 customer-facing employees in the USA completed measures assessing the meaningfulness of work and self-sacrificial and self-serving leadership experiences. The meaningfulness of work moderated the relationship between customer mistreatment and employee anger, and a three-way interaction was found between employee anger and self-sacrificial and self-serving leadership on customer-directed CWB.

Hydrochemical Characterization, Geothermometry, and Origin of Ain Al-Harrah Hot Spring and Its Relationship to Al-Lith Geothermal System, Saudi Arabia.

The Al-Lith geothermal field in western Saudi Arabia is a characteristic medium-high enthalpy geothermal system, exhibiting features associated with tectonic activities linked to the Red Sea rifting. Ain Al-Harrah hot spring is located in the Al-Lith field, with discharge temperatures varying from 56 to 81 °C. The determination of water temperature and composition in a geothermal reservoir is critical to the design of utilization strategies, surface production facilities, and choice of materials.

Remote work arrangement: a blessing in disguise for socially anxious individuals.

This research examines the link between social anxiety disorder (SAD), psychological distance (PD), and burnout using survey data from 463 software development workers who are currently working remotely. According to the results of the study, SAD was associated with higher PD, but, in contrast to what had been shown in earlier studies, this higher PD had no effect on the participants' reported levels of burnout. Both psychological safety and workplace attachment orientation (WAO) were tested for their moderating effects in this study.

Produced water treatment by semi-continuous sequential bioreactor and microalgae photobioreactor.

Produced water (PW) from oil and gas exploration adversely affects aquatic life and living organisms, necessitating treatment before discharge to meet effluent permissible limits. This study first used activated sludge to pretreat PW in a sequential batch reactor (SBR). The pretreated PW then entered a 13 L photobioreactor (PBR) containing Scenedesmus obliquus microalgae culture.

BiVO Photoanode with NiVO Back Contact Interfacial Layer for Improved Hole-Diffusion Length and Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation Activity.

The short hole diffusion length (HDL) and high interfacial recombination are among the main drawbacks of semiconductor-based solar energy systems. Surface passivation and introducing an interfacial layer are recognized for enhancing HDL and charge carrier separation. Herein, we introduced a facile recipe to design a pinholes-free BiVO photoanode with a NiVO back contact interfacial (BCI) layer, marking a significant advancement in the HDL and photoelectrochemical activity.