Guardian Knowledge in Primary Congenital Glaucoma: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Prcis: Guardian education level and frequency of surgical interventions are key determinants of knowledge in primary congenital glaucoma, highlighting the need for targeted educational strategies.

Background: Management of congenital glaucoma poses unique challenges, particularly concerning the patient guardians' understanding of the condition, which is crucial for treatment adherence and follow-up compliance. This study aimed to assess guardians' knowledge levels and identify the influencing factors.

Correlation between MRI findings of pituitary gland and prolactin level among hyperprolactinemia adult female Saudi patients in rural areas: A retrospective multicentric study.

Identifying the prolactin threshold that necessitates pituitary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with hyperprolactinemia remains challenging. Therefore, developing standards for serum prolactin level criteria to predict prolactinoma is critical. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between hyperprolactinemia and the presence of pituitary adenoma among Saudi female patients with verified prolactin levels.

Clinical and Electromyographic Characteristics of Pediatric Laryngeal Dyskinesia.

Objective: To report the clinical and laryngeal electromyographic (LEMG) parameters of children with laryngeal dyskinesia (LD) and its prevalence among laryngeal mobility disorder (LMD) requiring full airway examination.

Study Design: Retrospective uncontrolled study.

Setting: Tertiary pediatric center.

Coexisting rheumatoid arthritis and sickle cell disease: case series and literature review.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is rarely reported among patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). RA treatment in these patients is believed to be more challenging due to fear of increasing the risk of infection and complications of SCD. We are reporting 7 patients with concurrent SCD and RA.

Impact of urgent care centers on emergency department visits in Al Madina Al Munawara: A pre-post study.

Objectives: To evaluate the impact of UCCs on reducing non-urgent Emergency Department (ED) visits and improving patient flow, focusing on metrics such as door-to-doctor time, doctor-to-decision time, and overall patient disposition.

Methods: This observational cohort pre-post study analyzed data from 198,050 ED visits to King Fahad Hospital, Al Madina Al Munawara between June 2021 and May 2023 and compared visit patterns before and after UCC implementation.

Results: Post-UCC implementation, the average door-to-doctor time decreased but was not statistically significant.

Prevalence of Ear, Nose, and Throat Problems in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background Ear, nose, and throat (ENT) disorders are common and significantly impact the quality of life. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of ENT problems among the Saudi population and to explore its association with sociodemographic factors, knowledge, and healthcare utilization. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted among 405 participants aged 18-80 years across Saudi Arabia.

Relative Frequency of Primary Salivary Gland Tumors: Multicenter Study of 796 Cases from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Salivary gland tumors (SGTs) are diverse lesions with varying morphological and clinical characteristics. Limited data exist on the distribution of SGTs in Saudi Arabia. We aimed to fill this gap by examining the distribution of SGTs across four tertiary hospitals in Riyadh.

Personality and Attachment Patterns in Patients with Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures in Saudi Arabia.

The purpose of this study was to investigate personality and relationship patterns in patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) and compare them to patients with epilepsy and healthy controls. A total of 68 participants were recruited (mean age = 29.8 ± 9.

Establishment of Local Diagnostic Reference Levels for Head CT Imaging in the Madina Region, Saudi Arabia.

: Computed Tomography (CT) is crucial in medical diagnosis, particularly for head examinations. Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs) are pivotal in balancing diagnostic efficacy with radiation safety. International organizations such as the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) provide guidelines for establishing DRLs, emphasizing their importance in optimizing radiation doses.

Metabolites in the Dance: Deciphering Gut-Microbiota-Mediated Metabolic Reprogramming of the Breast Tumor Microenvironment.

Breast cancer (BC), a major cause of death among women worldwide, has traditionally been linked to genetic and environmental factors. However, emerging research highlights the gut microbiome's significant role in shaping BC development, progression, and treatment outcomes. This review explores the intricate relationship between the gut microbiota and the breast tumor microenvironment, emphasizing how these microbes influence immune responses, inflammation, and metabolic pathways.

A real-world study to assess the disease control of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis in patients receiving dupilumab therapy, with atopic dermatitis control tool in Gulf countries.

Purpose/aim Of The Study: There is limited real-world evidence regarding the effectiveness and safety of dupilumab in Gulf countries. The study aimed to evaluate atopic dermatitis (AD) disease control in adult and adolescent patients (≥12 years) treated with dupilumab in Gulf countries.

Materials And Methods: This observational study included patients with moderate-to-severe AD who initiated dupilumab within 30 days.

Patterns of Opioid and NSAID Use in Saudi Arabia from 2010 to 2020.

The use of analgesics has increased globally over the last three decades. Prescription drug abuse has increased significantly, and opioids have been identified as causing further harm to the world. This study explored the utilization and expenditure associated with opioids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) from 2010 to 2020 in Saudi Arabia.

Management of metastatic colorectal cancer: consensus in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents a major public health challenge globally, particularly in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, where it is identified as the second most prevalent form of cancer. Despite advancements in management strategies, tailored guidelines specific to the Gulf region are lacking. This paper presents consensus recommendations developed by a panel of experts from the GCC countries to address this gap.

Effectiveness of School-Based Interventions for Preventing Obesity in Children: A Narrative Review.

The global rise in overweight and obesity among children presents significant health challenges. Schools, as key social environments, can effectively influence children's dietary and physical activity habits due to the substantial time students spend there. School-based interventions can reach nearly all children and impact their environment's sociocultural and policy aspects to promote healthier habits.

Coexisting autoimmune disorders among patients with inflammatory bowel disease at a tertiary center in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Approximately 25% of individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) concurrently experience immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs), while the overall prevalence of these conditions in the general population is 5-7%. Individuals with IBD and concurrent IMIDs tend to have a more aggressive disease profile. We aimed to assess the prevalence of coexisting autoimmune disorders among patients with IBD and their association with inflammatory bowel disease type.

Real-world clinical outcome of unresectable locally advanced & de-novo metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a multicentre retrospective study.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most lethal malignancies, with limited treatment options yielding poor outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the real-world clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcomes of patients with locally advanced unresectable and de-novo metastatic PDAC in Saudi Arabia, providing regional data to compare with international benchmarks.

Methods: This is a retrospective, multicentre study involving 350 patients diagnosed with unresectable locally advanced or de-novo metastatic PDAC between January 2015 and November 2023.

Prevalence of Hand Arm Vibration Syndrome in mine workers of Khewra salt mines.

Background: Hand-arm Vibration Syndrome (HAVS) is a disorder caused by prolonged exposure to hand-held vibrating instruments, commonly observed in industrial contexts such as mining, construction, and manufacturing. It involves symptoms affecting the musculoskeletal, neurological, and vascular systems of the arm and hand.

Purpose: The main aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of HAVS among laborers working in the Khewra salt mines.

Significant Association Between Genetic Polymorphism of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-2 mRNA Binding Protein-2 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Population-Based Case-Control Study.

Objectives: To determine the association between IGF2BP2 polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: This study involved 422 individuals, 214 diabetes mellitus cases, and 208 healthy controls. The PCR-RFLP technique was used to determine the genotype of the IGF2BP2 gene for the SNPs rs4402960 (G>T) and rs1470579 (A>C).

Isotretinoin musculoskeletahl side effects: a systematic review.

This study aimed to investigate musculoskeletal complications secondary to isotretinoin use. A systematic review was conducted, and a total of 49 studies, including analytical studies, case reports, and case series, were included in the analysis. The studies examined musculoskeletal symptoms, diagnostic findings, and treatment approaches associated with isotretinoin use.

Comparative genetic diagnostic evaluation of pediatric neuromuscular diseases in a consanguineous population.

Neuromuscular diseases (NMD) are a group of neurological diseases that manifest with various clinical symptoms affecting different components of the peripheral nervous system, which play a role in voluntary body movements control. The primary objective of this study is to explore the diagnostic efficacy of a combined genetic and biochemical testing approach for patients with neuromuscular diseases with diverse presentations in a population with high rate of consanguinity. Genetic testing was performed using selected Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) gene panels and whole exome sequencing on the peripheral blood sample from the patients.