Effects of a live versus heat-inactivated probiotic spp in preterm infants: a randomised clinical trial.

Background: Heat-inactivated probiotics (HPs) may provide an effective alternative to live probiotics (P) by avoiding their risks (eg, probiotic sepsis) while retaining the benefits. We assessed the safety and efficacy of a HP in very preterm (VP: gestation <32 weeks) infants.

Methods: VP infants were randomly allocated to receive a HP or P mixture ( M-16V, subsp.

Early versus late parenteral nutrition in term and late preterm infants: a randomised controlled trial.

Background: There is limited evidence regarding the optimal time to commence parenteral nutrition (PN) in term and late preterm infants.

Design: Single-centre, non-blinded, exploratory randomised controlled trial.

Setting: A level-3 neonatal unit in a stand-alone paediatric hospital.

Outcomes for pregnant women with Borderline Personality Disorder who attended a specialist antenatal service.

Objective: Our study focussed on the obstetric and psychosocial outcomes of pregnant women with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) who received care via a specialist antenatal clinic in Western Australia.

Method: This study is a retrospective examination of outcomes for 80 women with a confirmed diagnosis of BPD, with findings compared with published population outcome data for the state.

Results: Pregnant women with BPD appeared to be at a risk of complications including pre-eclampsia and special care nursery admission for their newborns when compared to population data.

Stillbirth: prevention and supportive bereavement care.

Around half of the two million stillbirths occurring worldwide each year are preventable. This review compiles the most up-to-date evidence to inform stillbirth prevention. Many general maternal health interventions also reduce the risk of stillbirth, for example, antenatal care attendance.

Registry randomised trials: a methodological perspective.

Registry randomised clinical trials (RRCTs) have the potential to provide pragmatic answers to important clinical questions. RRCTs can be embedded into large population-based registries or smaller single site registries to provide timely answers at a reduced cost compared with traditional randomised controlled trials. RRCTs can take a number of forms in addition to the traditional individual-level randomised trial, including parallel group trials, platform or adaptive trials, cluster randomised trials and cluster randomised stepped-wedge trials.

Utility of the Ages and Stages Questionnaire to Identify Developmental Delay in Children Aged 12 to 60 Months: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: The Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) is a commonly used developmental screening tool, but its utility is debated.

Objectives: To conduct a a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate ASQ's utility as a screening or diagnostic tool to identify developmental delay in children aged 12-60 months.

Data Sources: Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Mednar were searched from inception until December 2021.

Disparities in severe neonatal morbidity and mortality between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal births in Western Australia: a decomposition analysis.

Background: The health disadvantages faced by Australian Aboriginal peoples are evidenced in early life, although few studies have focused on the reasons for population-level inequalities in more severe adverse outcomes. This study aimed to examine the scale of disparity in severe neonatal morbidity (SNM) and mortality between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal births and quantify the relative contributions of important maternal and infant factors.

Method: A retrospective cohort study with singleton live births (≥32 weeks' gestation) was conducted using Western Australia linked whole population datasets, from 1999 to 2015.

Protocol for assessing if behavioural functioning of infants born <29 weeks' gestation is improved by omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids: follow-up of a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: During the last trimester of pregnancy, the fetal brain undergoes a rapid growth spurt and accumulates essential nutrients including docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). This takes place ex-utero for infants born <29 weeks' gestation, without the in-utero provisions of DHA. Infants born <29 weeks' are more likely to experience behavioural and emotional difficulties than their term-born counterparts.

Protocol for assessing whether cognition of preterm infants <29 weeks' gestation can be improved by an intervention with the omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA): a follow-up of a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid that accumulates into neural tissue during the last trimester of pregnancy, as the fetal brain is undergoing a growth spurt. Infants born <29 weeks' gestation are deprived the normal in utero supply of DHA during this period of rapid brain development. Insufficient dietary DHA postnatally may contribute to the cognitive impairments common among this population.

Primary mixed large cell neuroendocrine and high grade serous carcinoma of the endometrium.

Endometrial large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma admixed with a high-grade serous (HGS) adenocarcinoma is extremely rare with only one reported case in the literature. We present the second reported case in a 47-year-old woman who presented with abdominal pain, distension and loss of weight. On examination she had a fixed pelvic mass and vascular left vaginal mass.

Study protocol for the safety and efficacy of probiotic therapy on days alive and out of hospital in adult ICU patients: the multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled Restoration Of gut microflora in Critical Illness Trial (ROCIT).

Introduction: The effect of early and sustained administration of daily probiotic therapy on patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) remains uncertain.

Methods And Analysis: The Restoration Of gut microflora in Critical Illness Trial (ROCIT) study is a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, two-sided superiority trial that will enrol 220 patients in five ICUs. Adult patients who are within 48 hours of admission to an ICU and are expected to require intensive care beyond the next calendar day will be randomised in a 1:1 ratio to receive early and sustained 299v probiotic therapy in addition to usual care or placebo in addition to usual care.

Diffuse excessive high signal intensity on term equivalent MRI does not predict disability: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate whether diffuse excessive high signal intensity (DEHSI) on term equivalent age MRI (TEA-MRI) predicts disability in preterm infants.

Design: This is a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, EMCARE, Google Scholar and MedNar databases were searched in July 2019.

Designing meditation for doctor well-being: can 'Om' help obstetrics and gynaecology doctors?

Objective: The study aimed to measure the impact of meditation on participants' ability to regulate brain wave activity in high-stress situations, control physiological stress responses and improve subjective wellbeing.

Methods: Twelve obstetrics and gynaecology (O&G) doctors meditated for 20 minutes daily for 21 days utilising a portable EEG (electroencephalogram) providing instantaneous audio feedback. Their brain activity levels and salivary cortisol were measured before and after performing three surgical procedures.

Incidence of germline BRCA1/2 mutations in women with tubo-ovarian high-grade serous carcinomas with and without serous tubal intra-epithelial carcinomas.

Objective: To compare the germline and mutation () status in women with high-grade serous tubo-ovarian and primary peritoneal carcinoma with and without serous tubal intra-epithelial carcinomas (serous tubal intra-epithelial carcinoma-positive vs serous tubal intra-epithelial carcinoma-negative).

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study was performed of patients in Western Australia diagnosed with high-grade serous tubo-ovarian and primary peritoneal carcinoma and referred for genetic counseling and testing from July 1, 2014 to June 30, 2017. Histopathology reports were reviewed to ascertain whether serous tubal intra-epithelial carcinoma was present.

Study protocol of a multicentre cohort pilot study implementing an expanded preconception carrier-screening programme in metropolitan and regional Western Australia.

Introduction: Preconception carrier screening (PCS) identifies couples at risk of having children with recessive genetic conditions. New technologies have enabled affordable sequencing for multiple disorders simultaneously, including identifying carrier status for many recessive diseases. The aim of the study was to identify the most effective way of delivering PCS in Western Australia (WA) through the public health system.

Uptake of testing for germline mutations in patients with non-mucinous epithelial ovarian cancers in Western Australia: a comparison of different genetic counseling methods.

Introduction: Patients with non-mucinous epithelial tubo-ovarian cancers should be referred for genetic testing because approximately 15% will carry an inherited mutation in the cancer susceptibility genes. However, referral rates for genetic testing remain low. For patients who carry a mutation, failure to refer for genetic testing results in missed opportunities for therapy and prevention of future cancers in the patient and at-risk relatives.

Tricho-hepatic-enteric syndrome (THES) without intractable diarrhoea.

Tricho-hepatic-enteric syndrome (THES) is a genetically heterogeneous rare syndrome (OMIM: 222470 (THES1) and 614602 (THES2)) that typically presents in the neonatal period with intractable diarrhoea, intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR), facial dysmorphism, and hair and skin changes. THES is associated with pathogenic variants in either TTC37 or SKIV2L; both are components of the human SKI complex, an RNA exosome cofactor. We report an 8 year old girl who was diagnosed with THES by the Undiagnosed Disease Program-WA with compound heterozygous pathogenic variants in SKIV2L.

Utility of lung ultrasound scanning in neonatology.

The utility of point-of-care lung ultrasound in neonatology is rapidly expanding. This review summarises current evidence of a diagnostic, procedural and observational tool valuable in the management of newborns requiring intensive care. Approaching a patient, probe in-hand with focused clinical question is essential, and barriers to implication together with important research questions are explored.