A new diagnosis of primary biliary cholangitis in pregnancy treated with a combination of ursodeoxycholic acid and bezafibrate.

This primigravid pregnant woman had a new diagnosis of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) that was treated with a combination of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and bezafibrate. Pregnancy may unmask underlying chronic hepatic disorders in susceptible women and, in some cases, the associated abnormalities of liver function or increased serum bile acids (hypercholanaemia) can result in significant fetal and maternal risk. Maternal pruritus, with associated sleep deprivation, may cause considerable distress.

Tools for regulating metabolic diseases: extracellular vesicles from adipose macrophages.

Metabolic diseases have gradually become one of the most significant global medical burdens. Diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome, along with their complications, are clinically categorized as metabolic diseases. Long-term oral medication significantly reduces patient compliance and quality of life.

Predicting axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer using a multimodal radiomics and deep learning model.

Objective: To explore the value of combined radiomics and deep learning models using different machine learning algorithms based on mammography (MG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for predicting axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM) in breast cancer (BC). The objective is to provide guidance for developing scientifically individualized treatment plans, assessing prognosis, and planning preoperative interventions.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical and imaging data from 270 patients with BC confirmed by surgical pathology at the Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University between November 2022 and April 2024.

Application of the Sydney System for Classification and Reporting Lymph Node Cytopathology to Assess the Risk of Malignancy and its Diagnostic Accuracy.

Background: Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of the lymph nodes is the first-line evaluation of lymphadenopathy of unknown etiology. For better diagnostic clarity and proper communication to clinicians, the Sydney System was proposed in 2020 for the performance, classification, and reporting of lymph node cytopathology. The present study was conducted to analyze the diagnostic performance and risk of malignancy (ROM) associated with each of the diagnostic categories of the proposed Sydney System.

Flunarizine Versus Propranolol in Prophylaxis of Pediatric Migraine: An Open-Label Randomized Trial.

Background Pediatric migraine is a primary headache affecting daily activities and causing significant disability among children. However, clarity on the usage of prophylactic medications in children is yet to be established. This study was conducted with the aim of comparing the efficacy and safety of flunarizine and propranolol in the prophylaxis of pediatric migraine.

Computed Tomographic Findings in Lemmel Syndrome: A Rare Cause of Obstructive Jaundice.

Introduction: Obstructive jaundice resulting from a duodenal diverticulum is known as Lemmel syndrome. Lemmel syndrome should be included in the differential diagnosis in patients presenting with obstructive jaundice in the absence of choledocholithiasis, mass, or a stricture.

Aims And Objectives: To describe the computed tomography (CT) findings in patients with Lemmel syndrome.

Child-Pugh Score and Vitamin D: Exploring a New Frontier in Liver Cirrhosis Assessment.

This study investigates the relationship between vitamin D levels and liver cirrhosis severity, a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. Chronic liver diseases, stemming from conditions such as hepatitis, alcohol use, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, autoimmune diseases, and cryptogenic disorders, disrupt vitamin D metabolism, as the liver converts dietary and skin-derived vitamin D into 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D), the primary circulating form. The cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of General Medicine of BLDE (DU) Shri.

Filarial Epididymitis: A Diagnostic Challenge in Pediatric Acute Scrotum.

Genital lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a condition that can present both acutely and chronically, complicating its diagnosis due to nonspecific symptoms. This case report describes an 11-year-old boy who presented with symptoms of acute scrotum. Initial Doppler ultrasound suggested acute epididymo-orchitis; however, despite conservative management, the symptoms persisted, prompting surgical exploration.

Exploration of the Reasons for Poor Adherence Among Metabolic Syndrome Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Tamil Nadu, India: A Mixed Method Study.

Background A major challenge in the treatment of MetS is the prevalence of low rates of adherence to the treatment regimen for individual components by the affected persons. This study aimed to estimate the medication adherence level among those with metabolic syndrome, determine the factors significantly associated with low adherence to medication, and explore the reasons for poor adherence to medication Materials and methods This sequential explanatory type of mixed method study was conducted among the metabolic syndrome patients attending the lifestyle clinic of a tertiary care hospital in the Salem district of Tamil Nadu, India. For the quantitative component, 210 was the sample size and for the qualitative component, the sample size was six.

Susac's Syndrome: A Tale of Disability Due to Late Recognition.

Susac's syndrome is a rare inflammatory microangiopathy characterized by the triad of retinopathy, encephalopathy, and hearing loss. The syndrome causes recurrent microinfarcts in these organs, which in turn manifests with repeated attacks of visual field loss, hearing loss and tinnitus, and various brain syndromes. These often lead to the significant accumulation of disability over time, particularly if there is a delay or failure in diagnosis.

Development of a novel multimedia tool for obtaining informed consent from survivors of sexual offenses and its comparison with the conventional method.

Background: Although multimedia tools for obtaining informed consent have been researched for surgeries, chemotherapy, and clinical trials, nothing has been explored in the context of the medico-legal examination of survivors of sexual offenses. The objective of the study was to develop a novel multimedia tool for obtaining informed consent and assent from survivors of sexual offenses and to compare it with conventional consent-taking procedure.

Methods: One cross-sectional study was conducted with survivors of sexual offenses as study participants.

A cross-sectional study of poisoning deaths by rubber latex processing acid in Tripura, India.

Background: Rubber latex processing acid poisoning is a frequently encountered phenomenon in Tripura. Formic acid is the preferred choice for coagulating rubber latex in rubber sheet manufacturing units. The objective of this study aimed to assess the epidemiological profile of poisoning deaths by rubber processing acid and to record their autopsy findings.

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia sepsis in preterm neonates.

, an environmentally ubiquitous microbe, is a challenging opportunistic pathogen in the hospital setting. Neonates are particularly vulnerable to infection with but information on presentation, therapeutic response and outcome of such infection in this population is limited. To expand this knowledge, we report here a series of five cases.

Comparative Efficacy of Videolaryngoscopy and Direct Laryngoscopy in Patients Living With Obesity: A Meta-Analysis.

Intubation in patients living with obesity poses unique challenges due to altered airway anatomy and reduced physiological reserve, increasing the risk of complications. In synthesizing evidence from multiple trials, our meta-analysis suggests that videolaryngoscopy may provide a higher likelihood of achieving successful intubation on the first attempt compared to direct laryngoscopy while not substantially increasing the procedure time. Videolaryngoscopy was associated with a significant increase in first-pass intubation success compared to direct laryngoscopy, with a pooled risk ratio (RR) of 0.

Efficacy of multi-color near-infrared fluorescence with indocyanine green: A new imaging strategy and its early experience in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Background: Near-infrared fluorescence imaging using intravenous indocyanine green (ICG) has a wide range of applications in multiple surgical scenarios. In laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), it facilitates intraoperative identification of the biliary system and reduces the risk of bile duct injury. However, the usual single color fluorescence imaging (SCFI) has limitations in manifesting the fluorescence signal of the target structure when its intensity is relatively low.

The impact of ciliary length on the mechanical response of osteocytes to fluid shear stress.

Background: Osteocytes are crucial for detecting mechanical stimuli and translating them into biochemical responses within the bone. The primary cilium, a cellular 'antenna,' plays a vital role in this process. However, there is a lack of direct correlation between cilium length changes and osteocyte mechanosensitivity changes.

A case of transient elevation of creatinine caused by severe hyperuricemia.

Background: To explore the underlying causes of significant fluctuations in creatinine levels within three days due to transient and severe uric acid elevation, and to provide evidence for the interpretation of abnormal test results and clinical diagnosis and management.

Methods: The issues were resolved by retesting the samples, comparing results across different detection platforms, and analyzing the reaction curve. We comprehensively reviewed patients' general conditions, imaging examinations, and treatments.

Efficacy and safety of low-dose tolvaptan (7.5mg) in the treatment of inpatient hyponatraemia: a retrospective study.

Objectives: The recommended dose of tolvaptan for hyponatraemia secondary to SIADH is 15mg. We evaluated the efficacy of an initial 7.5mg dose and determined the frequency where sodium (Na+) correction exceeded safe limits, defined as an increment of ≥10 mmol/L, within the initial 8 or 24 hours of administration.

Exploration of the mechanism of 5-Methylcytosine promoting the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma.

5-Methylcytosine (m5C) is a ubiquitous RNA modification that is closely related to various cellular functions. However, no studies have comprehensively demonstrated the role of m5C in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. In this study, six pairs of HCC and adjacent tissue samples were subjected to methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing to identify precise m5C loci.

Investigation of bidirectional causal association between temporomandibular disorders and five mental disorders.

Objective: This study utilized two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) to investigate the bidirectional causal associations between temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and five mental disorders.

Methods: Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) linked to TMD were extracted from the Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) database. The SNPs selected as instrumental variables (IVs) were required to have strong associations with the exposure phenotype and to meet the assumptions of Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

IPNA clinical practice recommendations on care of pediatric patients with pre-existing kidney disease during seasonal outbreak of COVID-19.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, instigated by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has profoundly impacted healthcare infrastructures around the globe. While children are usually asymptomatic or have mild symptoms, children with pre-existing kidney conditions require specialized attention. This pivotal report, championed by the International Pediatric Nephrology Association (IPNA), delivers precise and actionable recommendations tailored for pediatric patients with kidney ailments in this pandemic landscape.

Single-cell transcriptome analysis of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth investigating functional heterogeneity in immunomodulation.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely used in the treatment of various inflammatory diseases. The inadequate understanding of MSCs and their heterogeneity can impact the immune environment, which may be the cause of the good outcomes of MSCs-based therapy that cannot always be achieved. Recently, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) showed great potential in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases due to their immature properties compared with MSCs.

THBS2 + cancer-associated fibroblasts promote EMT leading to oxaliplatin resistance via COL8A1-mediated PI3K/AKT activation in colorectal cancer.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) exert multiple tumor-promoting functions and are key contributors to drug resistance. The mechanisms by which specific subsets of CAFs facilitate oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer (CRC) have not been fully explored. This study found that THBS2 is positively associated with CAF activation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and chemoresistance at the pan-cancer level.