Development and Evaluation of a GPT4-Based Orofacial Pain Clinical Decision Support System.

: Orofacial pain (OFP) encompasses a complex array of conditions affecting the face, mouth, and jaws, often leading to significant diagnostic challenges and high rates of misdiagnosis. Artificial intelligence, particularly large language models like GPT4 (OpenAI, San Francisco, CA, USA), offers potential as a diagnostic aid in healthcare settings. : To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of GPT4 in OFP cases as a clinical decision support system (CDSS) and compare its performance against treating clinicians, expert evaluators, medical students, and general practitioners.

Association between systemic zinc and oxidative stress levels and periodontal inflamed surface area.

Background/aim: Zinc is a structural component of some enzymes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential associations between serum zinc and oxidative stress levels and periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA).

Materials And Methods: This study included 90 patients divided into three groups: a periodontitis group (P; n = 30), a gingivitis group (G; n = 30), and a periodontal health group (PH; n = 30).

Translating multiscale research in rare disease.

This Editorial introduces DMM's new Special Issue on ‘Translating Multiscale Research in Rare Disease’. The Guest Editors reflect on how articles in the issue advance the rare disease research field.

Decoding children dental health risks: a machine learning approach to identifying key influencing factors.

Introduction And Objectives: This study investigates key factors influencing dental caries risk in children aged 7 and under using machine learning techniques. By addressing dental caries' prevalence, it aims to enhance early identification and preventative strategies for high-risk individuals.

Methods: Data from clinical examinations of 356 children were analyzed using Logistic Regression, Decision Trees, and Random Forests models.

The Dental Practicality Index - to treat or not to treat.

The Dental Practicality Index (DPI) has been designed to describe, on a clinical level, the 'practicality' of restoring a tooth versus referring to secondary care or extraction.The systematic approach of DPI has been shown to improve decision-making and confidence in treatment planning when used by young dentists. In addition, there is good evidence demonstrating that it provides an accurate estimation of the outcome of treatment.

Composite Injection Technique With a Digital Workflow: A Pragmatic Approach for a Protruding Central Incisor Restoration.

Esthetic concerns frequently drive individuals to seek dental treatment, leading to a rising demand for minimally invasive and time-efficient procedures. The Minimal Intervention Dentistry (MID) concept, which employs dental adhesive and resin composites, offers an effective approach for enhancing esthetics while preserving natural tooth structure. This case report outlines the esthetic enhancement of a protruding maxillary right central incisor through a direct composite restoration approach, utilizing a composite injection technique with a digital workflow.

Assessment of Bacterial Load and Post-Endodontic Pain after One-Visit Root Canal Treatment Using Two Types of Endodontic Access Openings: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

The need for controlling bacteria and pain during root canal therapy is undeniable. This clinical trial aimed to assess whether there is a difference in colony-forming unit (CFU) reduction after instrumentation and post-endodontic pain after root canal treatment (RCT) using a traditional endodontic cavity (TEC) versus a conservative endodontic cavity (CEC). This clinical study was conducted on 89 patients designated for a single-visit RCT.

Effect of Dental Practicality Index training using an online video on decision-making and confidence level in treatment planning by dental undergraduates.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Dental Practicality Index (DPI) training using an online video on the treatment planning decisions and confidence level of dental undergraduates (DUs).

Materials And Methods: Ninety-four DUs were shown 15 clinical case scenarios and asked to decide on treatment plans based on 4 treatment options. The most appropriate treatment plan had been decided by a consensus panel of experienced dentists.

John Ranby FRS, William Hogarth and the Barber Surgeons.

The progress of dentistry towards a profession allied to medicine and surgery was incremental, and a most important step in that process was the separation of the surgeons from the barbers in 1745. Hogarth's illustration of a dentally active barber has been discussed previously in the British Dental Journal. In this paper, his probable contribution to the campaign for separation led successfully by his friend, surgeon John Ranby FRS (1703-1773), through the dramatic and much analysed painting The death of the countess (1743), is analysed.

Role of teledentistry in enabling improved oral care outcomes.

Nowadays, the link between oral health and general health is clearly understood and supported by many global bodies, including the World Health Organisation. Yet, oral diseases remain prevalent worldwide, necessitating a practical approach. This opinion paper seeks to clarify the role of teledentistry as an adjunct for improving oral health when access to oral care services is one of the major concerns.

Usage of temporary anchorage devices: A cross-cultural and cross-sectional survey of orthodontists in Australia and the UK.

Introduction: Detailed insight regarding the use of temporary anchorage devices (TAD) in Australia and the United Kingdom (UK) is lacking. The primary aim of the present cross-sectional survey was to investigate TAD usage among UK-based and Australian-based orthodontists. The secondary objectives were to compare TAD-related preferences and protocols between orthodontists in the two countries.

Periodontal conditions and association of periodontitis with oral-health-related quality of life in patients experiencing different episodes of bipolar disorder compared with healthy controls.

Aim: The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to evaluate periodontal conditions and the association of periodontitis with oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients with a history of bipolar disorder.

Materials And Methods: A total of 160 participants were recruited in four groups for the study: 40 patients with euthymic episodes, 40 patients with depression, 40 patients with manic episodes and 40 systemically healthy individuals. Clinical periodontal parameters were recorded.

Effect of surface topography and wettability on shear bond strength of Y-TZP ceramic.

Zirconia ceramics have been widely used as dental restorations due to their esthetic appearance and high flexural strength. The bonding of zirconia with resin cement should rely on both mechanical and chemical bonds. This study was performed to investigate the effect of zirconia surface topography and its wettability after surface pretreatments on the microshear bond strength (μSBS) of a resin cement.

Serum methylation of GALNT9, UPF3A, WARS, and LDB2 as noninvasive biomarkers for the early detection of colorectal cancer and advanced adenomas.

Background: Early detection has proven to be the most effective strategy to reduce the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC). Nevertheless, most current screening programs suffer from low participation rates. A blood test may improve both the adherence to screening and the selection to colonoscopy.

Prevalence of and Factors Associated With Vertical Root Fracture in a Japanese Population: An Observational Study on Teeth With Isolated Periodontal Probing Depth.

Introduction: Previous studies on the prevalence of vertical root fractures (VRFs) were based on extracted teeth, or teeth referred for apical surgery. This study examined teeth with an isolated periodontal probing depth (PD) as an indicator of VRF. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of vertical root fracture (VRF) and non-VRF among teeth with an isolated probing depth (PD) ≥ 5 mm.

Combination of leukocyte and platelet-rich fibrin and demineralized bovine bone graft enhanced bone formation and healing after maxillary sinus augmentation: a randomized clinical trial.

Background And Objective: The resorption of alveolar ridge bone and maxillary sinus pneumatization are challenges to implant-supported prosthetic rehabilitation. Bone regeneration using bone substitutes and growth factors are alternatives for maxillary sinus augmentation (MSA). Therefore, we sought to evaluate the effects of the association between leukocyte and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) and deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) in MSA procedures.

The salivary proteome in relation to oral mucositis in autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients: a labelled and label-free proteomics approach.

Background: Oral mucositis is a frequently seen complication in the first weeks after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients which can severely affects patients quality of life. In this study, a labelled and label-free proteomics approach were used to identify differences between the salivary proteomes of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) recipients developing ulcerative oral mucositis (ULC-OM; WHO score ≥ 2) or not (NON-OM).

Methods: In the TMT-labelled analysis we pooled saliva samples from 5 ULC-OM patients at each of 5 timepoints: baseline, 1, 2, 3 weeks and 3 months after ASCT and compared these with pooled samples from 5 NON-OM patients.

Consensus guidelines on training, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up care of trigeminal nerve injuries.

The aim was to present expert-based guidelines on the management of trigeminal nerve injuries. A two-round multidisciplinary Delphi study was conducted amongst international trigeminal nerve injury experts with a set of statements and three summary flowcharts using a nine-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree; 9 = strongly agree). An item was deemed appropriate if the median panel score was within the range of 7-9, undecided if the score was 4-6, and inappropriate if the score was 1-3.

Efficacy of imaging techniques for the diagnosis of apical periodontitis: A systematic review.

Background: Apical periodontitis (AP) is a chronic inflammatory response of microbial aetiology. Pathological changes associated with AP may not be visible on radiographic images and may linger without causing any symptoms. Clinicians rely mostly on clinical examination and imaging techniques to establish a diagnosis.

A self-etch bonding system with potential to eliminate selective etching and resist proteolytic degradation.

Objectives: Bonded restorations using self-etch (SE) systems exhibit a limited lifespan due to their susceptibility to hydrolytic, enzymatic or fatigue degradation and poor performance on enamel. This study was conducted to develop and assess the performance of a two-step SE system using a functional monomer bis[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]phosphate (BMEP) and demonstrate a strategy to enhance stability of bonded resin composite restorations to both enamel and dentine.

Methods: A two-step SE system was formulated with a primer containing BMEP, with an adhesive with or without BMEP, and compared to a commercial 10-MDP-containing system, Clearfil SE Bond 2 (CFSE).

scAEGAN: Unification of single-cell genomics data by adversarial learning of latent space correspondences.

Recent progress in Single-Cell Genomics has produced different library protocols and techniques for molecular profiling. We formulate a unifying, data-driven, integrative, and predictive methodology for different libraries, samples, and paired-unpaired data modalities. Our design of scAEGAN includes an autoencoder (AE) network integrated with adversarial learning by a cycleGAN (cGAN) network.

Evaluating YouTube as a Patient Information Source for the Risks of Root Canal Treatment.

Introduction: YouTube is one of the most used social media platforms for health care information. Misinformation and poor educational content on this platform can exacerbate public anxiety and fear of root canal treatment. This study aimed to investigate the quality of videos examining risks of root canal treatment on YouTube.

Posttraumatic Trigeminal Neuropathic Pain in Association with Dental Implant Surgery.

Posttraumatic trigeminal neuropathy in association with dental implant surgery is preventable, and this should be the emphasis for all clinicians considering this treatment for a patient. Once the nerve injury and posttraumatic neuropathy with or without pain ensues, there is very little the clinician can do to reverse it and the high pain and permanency of the neuropathy will have a significant functional and psychological impact on the patient. Immediate implant removal is required, and home check should be routine for all cases.