Prevalence of sleep disturbances in patients with long COVID assessed by standardised questionnaires and diagnostic criteria: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: We aimed to study the prevalence of sleep disturbances in patients with long COVID-19.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the pooled prevalence of sleep disturbances in patients post COVID-19. We systematically searched relevant studies from three databases, including Medline, Embase and Scopus.

Transdiagnostic therapy for persistent physical symptoms: A mediation analysis of the PRINCE secondary trial.

The PRINCE secondary trial did not find any evidence that transdiagnostic cognitive behavioural therapy (TDT-CBT) plus standard medical care (SMC) was more efficacious than SMC for patients with Persistent Physical Symptoms (PPS) for the primary outcome Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS) at final follow-up (52 weeks). There was a significant treatment effect for TDT-CBT plus CBT compared with SMC for two secondary outcomes: WSAS at the end of active treatment (20 weeks) and symptom severity (Patient Health Questionnaire, PHQ-15) at 52 weeks. To understand mechanisms that lead to effects of TDT-CBT plus SMC versus SMC we performed a planned secondary mediation analysis.

Generalized Worry in Patients With Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Following Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: A Prospective Cohort Study in Secondary Care.

Research has shown that generalized anxiety disorder is commonly associated with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS). This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the prevalence of generalized worry in CFS patients and its relationship with fatigue, anxiety and social functioning, before and after Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). Our cohort consisted of 470 patients diagnosed with CFS who received CBT at a secondary care, specialist clinic.

Moderators of cognitive behavioural therapy treatment effects and predictors of outcome in the CODES randomised controlled trial for adults with dissociative seizures.

Objective: We explored moderators of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) treatment effects and predictors of outcome at 12-month follow-up in the CODES Trial (N = 368) comparing CBT plus standardised medical care (SMC) vs SMC-alone for dissociative seizures (DS).

Methods: We undertook moderator analyses of baseline characteristics to determine who had benefited from being offered CBT 12 months post-randomisation. Outcomes included: monthly DS frequency, psychosocial functioning (Work and Social Adjustment Scale - WSAS), and health-related quality of life (Mental Component Summary (MCS) and Physical Component Summary (PCS) SF-12v2 scores).

Six-month outcomes of the CODES randomised controlled trial of cognitive behavioural therapy for dissociative seizures: A secondary analysis.

Purpose: The CODES Trial for adults with dissociative seizures had a predesignated 12-month post-randomisation follow-up point for outcome evaluation. We undertook an exploratory, unplanned, secondary analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy plus standardised medical care (CBT+SMC) compared to SMC alone at 6 months post-randomisation, i.e.

Patterns of daytime physical activity in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.

Objectives: To classify patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) by pattern of physical activity and determine the clinical associations of each type.

Methods: 579 out of 641 participants with CFS from the PACE (Pacing, graded Activity, Cognitive behavioural therapy: a randomised Evaluation) trial wore an Actiwatch (accelerometer) for between 3 and 7 days before any trial treatments, which provided a measure of physical activity. Participants' activity was categorised into one of four patterns (pervasively inactive, pervasively active, boom and bust, or indeterminate) primarily using a priori definitions of activity.

Cancer-related fatigue and functional impairment - Towards an understanding of cognitive and behavioural factors.

Objective: Fatigue is a highly prevalent and debilitating problem in women with breast cancer. This study investigated the cognitive, behavioural, interpersonal and affective responses associated with fatigue and functional impairment for women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. A nested prospective study examined factors predictive of cancer-related fatigue after three cycles of chemotherapy.

Predicting first attendance at psychiatry appointments in patients with dissociative seizures.

Purpose: Patients with dissociative (non-epileptic) seizures typically receive their diagnosis from neurologists, but are often referred to psychiatrists, whom they may be reluctant to go and see. We aimed to assess which factors were associated with first attendance at psychiatric services.

Methods: A cohort study of 698 participants involved in the pre-randomisation phase of the CODES trial, a randomised controlled trial assessing the benefit of cognitive behavioural therapy for dissociative seizures when added to standardised medical (including psychiatric) care.

Systemic low-grade inflammation and subsequent depressive symptoms: Is there a mediating role of physical activity?

Objective: Systemic low-grade inflammation has been associated with the onset of depression, but the exact mechanisms underlying this relationship remain elusive. This study examined whether physical activity (PA) explained the association between elevated serum levels of inflammatory markers and subsequent depressive symptoms.

Design: Prospective cohort design.

Cognitive and Behavioral Differences Between Subtypes in Refractory Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal syndrome consisting of different bowel pattern subtypes: diarrhea predominant (IBS-D), constipation predominant (IBS-C), and alternating (IBS-A). This paper aimed to identify whether (a) psychological factors implicated in the cognitive behavioral model of IBS were differentially associated with bowel pattern subtypes, (b) whether there were differences in symptom severity and work and social adjustment across the IBS-subtypes. Analysis was conducted on baseline data of 557 individuals with refractory IBS recruited into the Assessing Cognitive Therapy in Irritable Bowel (ACTIB) randomized controlled trial.

Persistent fatigue induced by interferon-alpha: a novel, inflammation-based, proxy model of chronic fatigue syndrome.

The role of immune or infective triggers in the pathogenesis of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) is not yet fully understood. Barriers to obtaining immune measures at baseline (i.e.

Key mechanisms of cognitive behavioural therapy in irritable bowel syndrome: The importance of gastrointestinal related cognitions, behaviours and general anxiety.

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterised by abdominal pain and altered bowel movements. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) has been shown to be effective in reducing symptom severity in IBS and enhancing quality of life/functioning. The present study sought to identify how CBT achieves change in these outcomes.

Fatigue and psychosocial variables in autoimmune rheumatic disease and chronic fatigue syndrome: A cross-sectional comparison.

Objective: Fatigue is common in autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD). This study compared symptom-related cognitions, beliefs, behaviours, quality of sleep, lack of acceptance and distress in participants with ARD such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), seronegative spondyloarthropathy (SpA), and connective tissue disease (CTD), and participants with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS).

Methods: 303 participants with RA, SpA, CTD and CFS completed questionnaire measures of fatigue, social adjustment, cognitive-behavioural responses, lack of acceptance, distress and quality of sleep.

A systematic review of anxiety amongst people with Multiple Sclerosis.

Background: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease, which poses significant psychological challenges. The purpose of this systematic review was to identify factors that are associated with anxiety in people with MS (PwMS). It aimed to examine the strength of evidence for factors associated with anxiety symptoms and identify limitations of existing studies.

Rehabilitative therapies for chronic fatigue syndrome: a secondary mediation analysis of the PACE trial.

Background: Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) added to specialist medical care (SMC), or graded exercise therapy (GET) added to SMC, are more effective in reducing fatigue and improving physical function than both adaptive pacing therapy (APT) plus SMC and SMC alone for chronic fatigue syndrome. We investigate putative treatment mechanisms.

Methods: We did a planned secondary mediation analysis of the PACE trial comparing SMC alone or SMC plus APT with SMC plus CBT and SMC plus GET for patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.

The most popular terms for medically unexplained symptoms: the views of CFS patients.

Objective: Medically unexplained symptoms/syndromes are common, highly distressing and are often associated with profound disability. One of the controversies surrounding this area relates to which umbrella term should be used to group such symptoms. The purpose of this research was to establish the preferences of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) for an umbrella term for medically unexplained symptoms.

A review of the predisposing, precipitating and perpetuating factors in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome in children and adolescents.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) is a condition characterised by severe mental and physical fatigue coupled with profound disability. The purpose of this review was to investigate psychological, social and physiological factors associated with fatigue and disability in CFS in children and adolescents. The review aimed to gain an overview of the strength of evidence for the relationship between these different factors and CFS in young people.