Voice hearing in young people with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following multiple trauma exposure.

PTSD is comorbid with a number of other mental health difficulties and the link between voice hearing and PTSD has been explored in adult samples. To compare the trauma history, symptomatology, and cognitive phenotypes of children and adolescents with a PTSD diagnosis following exposure to multiple traumatic events presenting with voice hearing with those who do not report hearing voices. Participants ( = 120) were aged 8-17 years and had PTSD following exposure to multiple traumas.

Mental healthcare in paediatric epilepsy clinics: implementation by non-mental health professionals.

Objectives: Research has shown that children with epilepsy often experience mental health disorders but face barriers to effective care. One solution is to train healthcare professionals within paediatric epilepsy services to deliver psychological interventions. The aim of this paper was to examine aspects of treatment integrity of the 'Mental Health Interventions for Children with Epilepsy' (MICE) treatment, a modular cognitive behavioural therapy intervention for anxiety, depression and behavioural difficulties in childhood epilepsy.

Developing and testing Advance Choice Document implementation resources for Black African and Caribbean people with experience of compulsory psychiatric admission.

Background: Advance Choice Documents (ACDs) have been recommended for use in England and Wales based on evidence from trials that show that they can reduce involuntary hospitalisation, which disproportionately affects Black African and Caribbean people. Our aim was therefore to develop and test ACD implementation resources and processes for Black people who have previously been involuntarily hospitalised and the people that support them.

Methods: Resource co-production workshops were held to inform the development of the ACD template and two types of training for all stakeholders, comprising a Recovery College course and simulation training.

Nonshared environment: Real but random.

Background: In the excitement about genomics, it is easy to lose sight of one of the most important findings from behavioural genetics: At least half of the variance of psychopathology is caused by environmental effects that are not shared by children growing up in the same family, which includes error of measurement. However, a 30-year search for the systematic causes of nonshared environment in a line-up of the usual suspects, especially parenting, has not identified the culprits.

Method: I briefly review this research, but primarily consider the conceptual framework of the search for 'missing' nonshared environmental effects.

Applying neural network algorithms to ascertain reported experiences of violence in routine mental healthcare records and distributions of reports by diagnosis.

Introduction: Experiences of violence are important risk factors for worse outcome in people with mental health conditions; however, they are not routinely collected be mental health services, so their ascertainment depends on extraction from text fields with natural language processing (NLP) algorithms.

Methods: Applying previously developed neural network algorithms to routine mental healthcare records, we sought to describe the distribution of recorded violence victimisation by demographic and diagnostic characteristics. We ascertained recorded violence victimisation from the records of 60,021 patients receiving care from a large south London NHS mental healthcare provider during 2019.

Family poverty, neighbourhood greenspace and perinatal outcomes.

Objective: The relationship between low income and adverse perinatal outcomes, such as low birth weight and developmental delays, is well established making the search for protective factors important. One such factor may be neighbourhood greenspace. This study elucidates the role of urban neighbourhood greenspace in the relationship between income and perinatal outcomes in a nationally representative birth cohort from the UK.

How excellent can centres of excellence be? The impact of prevalence on service quality.

Centres of Excellence (CEs) are thought to provide better quality services for their speciality than Generic Services (GS). However, clinical test theory suggests this may arise from differences in the prevalence of these specialities' conditions in their referral populations, which affects the services' ability to detect diagnoses accurately, even with similar diagnostic sensitivities and specificities. Furthermore, GS' insensitivity to rarer diagnoses is necessary to avoid serious overdiagnosis despite using skills equivalent to CEs.

Operational mental health. . .what practitioners and commanders should know.

Background: Mental Health support to military operations is well established as an integral part of military medicine. Unfortunately, Commanders often receive little or no training in how best to use their mental health assets or what their capabilities are. Conversely, members of a Field Mental Health Team frequently have no operational experience and try to merely translate their civilian practice onto the battlefield.

Virtual reality in functional neurological disorder: a theoretical framework and research agenda for use in the real world.

Functional neurological disorder (FND) is a common and disabling condition at the intersection of neurology and psychiatry. Despite remarkable progress over recent decades, the mechanisms of FND are still poorly understood and there are limited diagnostic tools and effective treatments. One potentially promising treatment modality for FND is virtual reality (VR), which has been increasingly applied to a broad range of conditions, including neuropsychiatric disorders.

Understanding the psychosocial determinants of effective disease management in rheumatoid arthritis to prevent persistently active disease: a qualitative study.

Background: According to epidemiological studies, psychosocial factors are known to be associated with disease activity, physical activity, pain, functioning, treatment help-seeking, treatment waiting times and mortality in people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Limited qualitative inquiry into the psychosocial factors that add to RA disease burden and potential synergistic interactions with biological parameters makes it difficult to understand patients' perspectives from the existing literature.

Aim: This study aimed to gather in-depth patient perspectives on psychosocial determinants that drive persistently active disease in RA, to help guide optimal patient care.

Maternal asthma and asthma exacerbation during pregnancy and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in offspring: a population-based cohort study.

The link between inflammatory disorders, such as asthma, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is attracting increasing attention but few studies have examined cross-generational associations. We sought to examine associations of maternal asthma and asthma exacerbation during pregnancy, as well as paternal asthma, with the risk of ADHD in children. This population-based cohort study used data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database from 2004 to 2017.

Neuroanatomical and prognostic associations of depression in Parkinson's disease.

Background: Depression is reported as a risk factor, prodromal feature and late consequence of Parkinson's disease (PD). We aimed to evaluate the timing, neuroanatomy and prognostic implications of depression in PD.

Methods: We used data from 434 023 participants from UK Biobank with 14.

Identifying characteristics of adolescents with persistent loneliness during COVID-19: A multi-country eight-wave longitudinal study.

Background: Elevated loneliness experiences characterise young people. While loneliness at this developmental juncture may emerge from age-typical upheaval in social relationships, there is little data on the extent to which young people experience high and persistent levels of loneliness, and importantly, who is most vulnerable to these experiences. Using the widespread social restrictions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, which precipitated loneliness in many, we aimed to examine adolescents' loneliness profiles across time and the demographic predictors (age, sex, and country) of more severe trajectories.

Lessons from studies of medication reduction in psychosis: giving participants accurate information about risk in psychiatric research trials.

All research needs ethical regulation, which is institutionalized in research ethics committees. The patient information sheet, approved by a research ethics committee, sets out what patients need to know to make an informed choice about research participation. However, guidance from research ethics committees is much less explicit about risk communication.

Loneliness in Young People with ADHD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Many studies focus on problematic peer functioning in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) but loneliness has been studied less. This paper examined (1) The loneliness level differences between young people (below 25 years old) with ADHD and those without ADHD, and (2) The association between loneliness and mental health difficulties in young people with ADHD. Six electronic databases were searched and 20 studies were included.

Ethnic inequalities among NHS staff in England: workplace experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objectives: This study aims to determine how workplace experiences of National Health Service (NHS) staff varied by ethnicity during the COVID-19 pandemic and how these experiences are associated with mental and physical health at the time of the study.

Methods: An online Inequalities Survey was conducted by the Tackling Inequalities and Discrimination Experiences in Health Services study in collaboration with NHS CHECK. This Inequalities Survey collected measures relating to workplace experiences (such as personal protective equipment (PPE), risk assessments, redeployments and discrimination) as well as mental health (Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalised Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7)), and physical health (PHQ-15) from NHS staff working in the 18 trusts participating with the NHS CHECK study between February and October 2021 (N=4622).

Day-to-day sleep variability with Alzheimer's biomarkers in at-risk elderly.

Introduction: Measuring day-to-day sleep variability might reveal unstable sleep-wake cycles reflecting neurodegenerative processes. We evaluated the association between Alzheimer's disease (AD) fluid biomarkers with day-to-day sleep variability.

Methods: In the PREVENT-AD cohort, 203 dementia-free participants (age: 68.

Correlates of felt age in caregivers of people with dementia: findings from the IDEAL study.

Objective: Family relationships influence how people appraise their own aging and how their appraisals impact their health. We analyzed felt age (FA) among family caregivers of people with dementia.

Methods And Measures: We used a stratified sample of 1,020 spousal and 202 adult-child caregivers from the IDEAL study.