The oxytocin system in patients with craniopharyngioma: A systematic review.

Craniopharyngioma is a benign tumour affecting the hypothalamic and pituitary regions, which are involved in the production and secretion of oxytocin. We conducted a systematic review to assess dysregulation of the oxytocin system in craniopharyngioma and associations with neurobehavioural, eating, and metabolic abnormalities. Eight studies (n = 72 patients) were included.

Update from 2010 (standard operating procedure): protocol for the 2024 British Society of Gastroenterology Guidelines on colorectal surveillance in inflammatory bowel disease.

Introduction: The evolving landscape of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) necessitates refining colonoscopic surveillance guidelines. This study outlines methodology adopted by the British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) Guideline Development Group (GDG) for updating IBD colorectal surveillance guidelines.

Methods And Analysis: The 'Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation' (GRADE) approach, as outlined in the GRADE handbook, was employed.

A Systematic Review of Simulation-Based Training Tools in Plastic Surgery.

Objectives: The recent shift from traditional surgical teaching to the incorporation of simulation training in plastic surgery has resulted in the development of a variety of simulation models and tools. We aimed to assess the validity and establish the effectiveness of all currently available simulators and tools for plastic surgery.

Design: Systematic review.

Real-world epilepsy monitoring with ultra long-term subcutaneous EEG: a 15-month prospective study.

Objective: Novel subcutaneous electroencephalography (sqEEG) systems enable prolonged, near-continuous cerebral monitoring in real-world conditions. Nevertheless, the feasibility, acceptability and overall clinical utility of these systems remains unclear. We report on the longest observational study using ultra long-term sqEEG to date.

Adrenal oncocytoma: a rare presentation of a benign 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET avid virilising adrenal tumour.

A woman in her 70s presented with features of hyperandrogenism including clitoral enlargement and deepening of her voice. Biochemical investigations revealed raised plasma androgens and urinary androgen metabolites and imaging findings showed a highly F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET avid left adrenal tumour initially suspected to be a malignant adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC). She subsequently underwent an uncomplicated laparoscopic adrenalectomy where complete resection of her tumour was achieved.

Associations between multimorbidity burden and objective and patient-reported sleep outcomes among people living with HIV.

Background: We aimed to provide insights into the effects of comorbidities on sleep health in people with HIV by assessing associations between multimorbidity patterns and sleep outcomes in the Pharmacokinetic and clinical Observations in PeoPle over fiftY (POPPY) sub-study.

Methods: Principal component analysis identified six multimorbidity patterns among participants with HIV (n = 1073) at baseline: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), Sexually transmitted diseases, Metabolic, Mental/Joint, Neurological and Cancer/Other. Burden z-scores were calculated for each individual/pattern.

Asymmetry of the Frontal Aslant Tract and Development of Supplementary Motor Area Syndrome.

The purpose of this study was to investigate preoperative interhemispheric differences of the FAT in relation to the onset of postoperative SMA syndrome. This was a single-center retrospective analysis of patients who underwent surgical resection of diffuse gliomas involving the SMA between 2018 and 2022. Inclusion criteria were availability of preoperative and postoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging, no previous surgery, and no neurological deficits at presentation.

'COVID impacted my life in so many ways': a qualitative study of the lived experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic among people of Black ethnicities living with HIV in England.

Objectives: COVID-19 disproportionately affected people of Black ethnicities whilst also negatively affecting the health, wellbeing and livelihoods of people living with HIV. This may have been amplified by pre-existing socioeconomic marginalisation, poorer health, and structural racism. Despite being disproportionately affected by the pandemic, little is known about lived experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic within these communities.

Clinical and Histopathological Findings in HIV-positive to HIV-positive Kidney Transplant Recipients.

Background: The spectrum of histological findings in transplanted kidneys from HIV-positive donors to HIV-positive recipients is relatively unexplored. This study describes the type and timing of histological diagnoses observed in this unique cohort.

Methods: Adequate biopsies were analyzed at implantation and posttransplant between September 2008 and May 2022.

The Effects of COVID-19 on Antifungal Prescribing in the UK-Lessons to Learn.

Fungal infections are increasingly prevalent; however, antifungal stewardship attracts little funding or attention. Previous studies have shown that knowledge of guidelines and scientific evidence regarding antifungals is poor, leading to prescribing based on personal experiences and the inherent biases this entails. We carried out a retrospective study of inpatient antifungal usage at two major hospitals.

Prenatally Diagnosed Holoprosencephaly: Review of the Literature and Practical Recommendations for Pediatric Neurologists.

Holoprosencephaly (HPE) is one of the most common malformations in embryonic development. HPE represents a continuum spectrum that involves the midline cleavage of forebrain structures. Facial malformations of varying degrees of severity are also observed.

Infections in sickle cell disease.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the commonest severe inherited disorders in the world. Infection accounts for a significant amount of the morbidity and mortality, particularly in sub- Saharan Africa, but is relatively poorly studied and characterized. Patients with SCD have significant immunodeficiency and are more likely to suffer severe and life-threatening complications of infection, and additionally infections can trigger complications of SCD itself.

Nurses' reported training needs for advanced cell therapies: a survey on behalf of the Nurses Group of the EBMT.

Background: Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products (ATMPs) for human use have advanced globally with the rapid adoption of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapies in haemato-oncology. CAR-T cell therapy and ATMPs have unique, significant acute and chronic toxicities, and appropriate patient care is crucial. Significant challenges, including the need for nurse education and training, accompany optimal patient success and benefits.

Are we there yet? CAR-T therapy in multiple myeloma.

The last few years have seen a revolution in cellular immunotherapies for multiple myeloma (MM) with novel antigen targets. The principle new target is B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA). Autologous chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy directed against BCMA was first approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) in 2021, although approval by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellent (NICE) is awaited.

The Role of Active Brown Adipose Tissue in Patients With Pheochromocytoma or Paraganglioma.

Objectives: Metabolically-active brown adipose tissue (aBAT) is a common finding on fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) imaging in patients with pheochromocytoma or paraganglioma (PPGL). In addition to its clinical significance, we aimed to explore the prevalence of this finding on FDG-PET imaging in patients with PPGL.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective and retrospective studies.

Orbital Floor Fractures: Treatment and Diagnostics - A Survey Among Swiss, German and Austrian Maxillofacial Units.

Study Design: N/A.

Objective: This study investigated the different ways of orbital floor reconstruction with special focus on reconstruction materials, imaging modalities (intra-/ post-operative), 3D printing and navigation.

Methods: The heads of all governmental-run or associated cranio-maxillofacial surgery units in Switzerland, Austria and Germany were asked in person or received an email link for an online survey with 12 questions.

Greater preservation of SARS-CoV-2 neutralising antibody responses following the ChAdOx1-S (AZD1222) vaccine compared with mRNA vaccines in haematopoietic cell transplant recipients.

Whilst SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines generate high neutralising antibodies (nAb) in most individuals, haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) recipients respond poorly. HSCT/CAR-T treatment ablates existing immune memory, with recipients requiring revaccination analogous to being vaccine naive. An optimal revaccination strategy for this cohort has not been defined.