Validation par entretien cognitif de l'outil d'évaluation des plaies malignes MWAT-R.

La détresse physique et émotionnelle que peuvent causer au patient et à sa famille les plaies malignes dues à un cancer est souvent négligée. Malheureusement, nous ne disposons pas d'outils de dépistage et d'évaluation fiables et valides pouvant aider à mieux traiter ces plaies. Cette étude a cherché à valider un outil de mesure des résultats rapportés par les patients : le Malignant Wound Assessment Tool - Research (MWAT-R).

The utility of multivariate outlier detection techniques for data quality evaluation in large studies: an application within the ONDRI project.

Background: Large and complex studies are now routine, and quality assurance and quality control (QC) procedures ensure reliable results and conclusions. Standard procedures may comprise manual verification and double entry, but these labour-intensive methods often leave errors undetected. Outlier detection uses a data-driven approach to identify patterns exhibited by the majority of the data and highlights data points that deviate from these patterns.

Oxidatively-mediated in silico epimerization of a highly amyloidogenic segment in the human calcitonin hormone (hCT).

In order to study the effects of peptide exposure to oxidative attack, we chose a model reaction in which the hydroxyl radical discretely abstracts a hydrogen atom from the α-carbon of each residue of a highly amyloidogenic region in the human calcitonin hormone, hCT. Based on a combined Molecular Mechanics / Quantum Mechanics approach, the extended and folded L- and D-configuration and radical intermediate hCT peptides were optimized to obtain their compactness, secondary structure and relative thermodynamic data. The results suggest that the epimerization of residues is generally an exergonic process that can explain the cumulative nature of molecular aging.

Association of low birth weight and prematurity with clinical outcomes of childhood nephrotic syndrome: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Low birth weight (LBW)/prematurity have been proposed as risk factors for the development of kidney disease in adulthood. Whether there is an association between LBW/prematurity and poor renal outcomes in childhood onset nephrotic syndrome remains unknown.

Methods: Children with nephrotic syndrome diagnosed between 1 and 18 years of age were followed prospectively from 1996 to 2016 at The Hospital for Sick Children (N = 377).

Canadian patterns of practice for intracranial germ cell tumors in adolescents and young adults.

Introduction: The study objectives were to describe patterns of practice for intracranial germ cell tumors (IGCT) in adolescents and young adults (AYA) and to determine factors associated with practice patterns.

Methods: A survey was written containing questions on the management of two 17-year old males, one with localized pineal germinoma and the other with localized pineal non-germinomatous germ cell tumor (NGGCT). An invitation to participate anonymously in the survey was e-mailed to 119 oncologists who treat brain tumors across Canada.

Co O @Cu-Based Conductive Metal-Organic Framework Core-Shell Nanowire Electrocatalysts Enable Efficient Low-Overall-Potential Water Splitting.

In the work reported herein, the electrocatalytic properties of Co O in hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions have been significantly enhanced by coating a shell layer of a copper-based metal-organic framework on Co O porous nanowire arrays and using the products as high-performance bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting. The coating of the copper-based metal-organic framework resulted in the hybridization of the copper-embedded protective carbon shell layer with Co O to create a strong Cu-O-Co bonding interaction for efficient hydrogen adsorption. The hybridization also led to electronically induced oxygen defects and nitrogen doping to effectively enhance the electrical conductivity of Co O .

Effect of dairy and nondairy snacks on postprandial blood glucose regulation in 9-14-year-old children.

In adults, dairy consumption improves short-term blood glucose regulation. It is unknown if these short-term benefits extend to children of different weight statuses. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a dairy and nondairy snack in both normal-weight (NW) and overweight/obese (OW/OB) children on blood glucose regulation and food intake (FI).

Overexpression of Interleukin-15 exhibits improved glucose tolerance and promotes GLUT4 translocation via AMP-Activated protein kinase pathway in skeletal muscle.

Skeletal muscle performs 80% of the glucose metabolism in the body. Improvement of insulin resistance and prevention of diabetes by habitual exercise is considered beneficial due to the improved glucose uptake in skeletal muscles. Investigation of the mechanism by which skeletal muscles regulate glucose uptake can contribute to the prevention and treatment of diabetes.

Fractional flow reserve-guided percutaneous coronary intervention vs. medical therapy for patients with stable coronary lesions: meta-analysis of individual patient data.

Aims: To assess the effect of fractional flow reserve (FFR)-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with contemporary drug-eluting stents on the composite of cardiac death or myocardial infarction (MI) vs. medical therapy in patients with stable coronary lesions.

Methods And Results: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data (IPD) of the three available randomized trials of contemporary FFR-guided PCI vs.

Pediatric reference intervals for clinical chemistry assays on Siemens ADVIA XPT/1800 and Dimension EXL in the CALIPER cohort of healthy children and adolescents.

Introduction: Accurate reference intervals (RIs) are essential for clinical interpretation of laboratory test results; however, major gaps exist in pediatric RIs. The Canadian Laboratory Initiative on Pediatric Reference Intervals (CALIPER) has established age- and sex-specific pediatric RIs on various analytical platforms. The current study expands the CALIPER database by establishing age- and sex-specific RIs for biochemical assays on Siemens ADVIA XPT/1800 and Dimension EXL Systems.

Comparative Effectiveness of the Core Components of Cardiac Rehabilitation on Mortality and Morbidity: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

A systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the core components of cardiac rehabilitation (CR), nutritional counseling (NC), risk factor modification (RFM), psychosocial management (PM), patient education (PE), and exercise training (ET)) was undertaken. Published RCTs were identified from database inception dates to April 2017, and risk of bias assessed using Cochrane's tool. Endpoints included mortality (all-cause and cardiovascular (CV)) and morbidity (fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and hospitalization (all-cause and CV)).

Consensus Modeling of Median Chemical Intake for the U.S. Population Based on Predictions of Exposure Pathways.

Prioritizing the potential risk posed to human health by chemicals requires tools that can estimate exposure from limited information. In this study, chemical structure and physicochemical properties were used to predict the probability that a chemical might be associated with any of four exposure pathways leading from sources-consumer (near-field), dietary, far-field industrial, and far-field pesticide-to the general population. The balanced accuracies of these source-based exposure pathway models range from 73 to 81%, with the error rate for identifying positive chemicals ranging from 17 to 36%.

Anger, Sympathy, and Children's Reactive and Proactive Aggression: Testing a Differential Correlate Hypothesis.

This study tested the theoretical assertion that anger and sympathy would be differentially associated with "hot-blooded" reactive and "cold-blooded" proactive aggression in an ethnically diverse community sample of 4- and 8-year-olds from Canada (N = 300; n = 150 in each age group; 50% female). We conducted structured interviews with children to elicit their self-reported anger in response to social conflicts (anger reactivity), ability to effectively manage feelings of frustration (anger regulation), and the degree to which they felt concern for others in need (sympathy). Caregivers completed questionnaires assessing the degree to which children engaged in reactive and proactive overt aggression.

Tamoxifen therapy in a murine model of myotubular myopathy.

Myotubular myopathy (MTM) is a severe X-linked disease without existing therapies. Here, we show that tamoxifen ameliorates MTM-related histopathological and functional abnormalities in mice, and nearly doubles survival. The beneficial effects of tamoxifen are mediated primarily via estrogen receptor signaling, as demonstrated through in vitro studies and in vivo phenotypic rescue with estradiol.

A Scoping Review of Modifiable Risk Factors in Pediatric Onset Multiple Sclerosis: Building for the Future.

Knowledge of the effect of modifiable lifestyle factors in the pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) population is limited. We therefore conducted a scoping review, following the framework provided by Arksey and O'Malley. Four databases were searched for pediatric MS and modifiable lifestyle factors using index terms and keywords, from inception to May 2018.

Academic challenges for the preterm infant: Parent and educators' perspectives.

Background: Little is known of educators' knowledge of the impact of preterm birth on academic achievement and nothing is known of parental perspective of this knowledge.

Aims: To examine the knowledge of the impact of preterm birth on academic achievement amongst Canadian educators, characterize educators' attitudes towards these challenges, and examine parental perspectives of the educational system for their preterm child.

Study Design And Methods: This was a mixed methods study involving kindergarten to Grade 3 educators and parents of preterm children aged 4-8 years.

The Pathophysiology of Neuromuscular Dysfunction in Critical Illness.

Disability after critical illness is heterogeneous and related to multiple morbidities. Muscle and nerve injury represent prevalent and important determinants of long-term disability. As the population ages and accrues a greater burden of comorbid illness and medical complexity, those patients admitted to an intensive care unit will be challenged in their recovery because of diminished organ reserve and variable tissue resiliency.

Subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord following nitrous oxide anesthesia: A systematic review of cases.

Objective: Vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to subacute combined degeneration (SCD). Nitrous oxide (NO) is an anesthetic which oxidizes the cobalt ion of vitamin B12, interfering with its function as a coenzyme. In this study, we conduct a systematic review of reported cases of SCD following nitrous oxide anesthesia.

Current Chemotherapy Use in Neuroendocrine Tumors.

The role of chemotherapy in neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) has evolved with the development of other effective systemic therapies. At the same time, the evolving classification of NETs by grade has allowed for prognostic stratification. Chemotherapy is not routinely used for grade 1 to 2 NETs, but capecitabine (CAPTEM) or streptozocin-based regimens may be used, particularly for pancreatic NETs.

Fit for Dialysis: a qualitative exploration of the impact of a research-based film for the promotion of exercise in hemodialysis.

Background: Exercise improves functional outcomes and quality of life of older patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis. Yet exercise is not promoted as part of routine care. Health care providers and family carers rarely provide encouragement for patients to exercise, and the majority of older patients remain largely inactive.

Using decision methods to examine the potential impact of intersectoral action programs.

Objectives: In public health today, there is a widespread call for intersectoral action (ISA) programs, in which two or more sectors cooperate to address a problem. This trend raises a question of how to appropriately assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of ISA programs. To assess the impact of ISA, evaluation methods should provide a framework for simultaneously considering the impact of two or more interventions when selecting from a portfolio of programs.

Effect of a prototype lumbar spinal stenosis belt versus a lumbar support on walking capacity in lumbar spinal stenosis: a randomized controlled trial.

Background Context: Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) can impair blood flow to the spinal nerves giving rise to neurogenic claudication and limited walking ability. Reducing lumbar lordosis can increases the volume of the spinal canal and reduce neuroischemia. We developed a prototype LSS belt aimed at reducing lumbar lordosis while walking.

Isolation and Culture of Mouse Placental Endothelial Cells.

Isolation and culture of endothelial cells (ECs) is a useful tool to study the cellular processes involved in vascular development and vascular maturation. In this chapter, we describe a method to isolate and culture endothelial cells from placentae. This method takes advantage of two transgenes: ROSA26 , which drives the expression of GFP upon Cre-mediated recombination, and Tie2-Cre, which expresses Cre driven by the Tie2 promoter in endothelial progenitors and their descendants.