The COVID-19 pandemic's impact on UK social workers working with people with learning disabilities: A mixed methods study.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health and wellbeing of social workers working with people with learning disabilities has not been fully explored. This paper reports findings from a large United Kingdom study that surveyed health and care workers in six phases of the pandemic and shortly thereafter (2020-23) relating to 310 social workers who worked with people with learning disabilities. Mann-Whitney U tests revealed that these social workers experienced a decline in wellbeing over the pandemic period, but this lessened as time passed.

Contrast-enhanced US of High-Risk Indeterminate Focal Liver Observations Categorized as LR-4 or LR-M at CT/MRI.

Background Indeterminate focal liver observations in patients at risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) may require invasive biopsy or follow-up, which could lead to delays in definitive categorization and to postponement of treatment. Purpose To examine clinical effect of contrast-enhanced US (CEUS) in participants with high-risk indeterminate liver observations categorized as Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) category LR-4 (probably HCC) or LI-RADS category LR-M (probably or definitely malignant but not HCC specific) at CT or MRI. Materials and Methods This was a secondary analysis of a prospective international multicenter validation study for CEUS LI-RADS (January 2018 to August 2021).

Contemporary management of phyllodes tumours of the breast: proposal for recommendations from the UK Association of Breast Surgery.

Phyllodes tumours of the breast are rare fibroepithelial neoplasms classified histologically into benign, borderline, or malignant; each requiring different treatment strategies. The infrequency of presentation can result in diagnostic and management variability. The aim is to provide evidence-based or expert consensus recommendations for multidisciplinary teams managing patients with phyllodes tumours.

Pharmacokinetic characterization and exposure-response relationship of crovalimab in the COMMODORE 1, 2 and 3 and COMPOSER trials of patients with paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria.

Aims: Crovalimab is a novel C5 inhibitor administered first intravenously and then subcutaneously in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH) naive to complement inhibition or switching from eculizumab or ravulizumab. Crovalimab showed efficacy and safety comparable to eculizumab in the pivotal COMMODORE 2 and supporting studies.

Methods: We characterized crovalimab pharmacokinetics and the relationship between exposure pharmacokinetic parameters and pharmacodynamic biomarkers, efficacy and safety endpoints using pooled data (healthy volunteers [n = 9], naive [n = 210] and switched [n = 211] patients).

Long term health outcomes in people with diabetes 12 months after hospitalisation with COVID-19 in the UK: a prospective cohort study.

Background: People with diabetes are at increased risk of hospitalisation, morbidity, and mortality following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Long-term outcomes for people with diabetes previously hospitalised with COVID-19 are, however, unknown. This study aimed to determine the longer-term physical and mental health effects of COVID-19 in people with and without diabetes.

A face-to-face survey on the practice of ophthalmic clinicians in the management of dry eye disease in patients undergoing cataract surgery.

Introduction: Dry eye disease (DED) can impact the accuracy of biometry measurements prior to cataract surgery (CS), influence visual performance post-CS, and can be exacerbated by CS. We performed a survey to evaluate the DED practice of clinicians directly caring for CS patients.

Design: Prospective face-to-face survey.

Experiences of change following a blended intervention for adults with ADHD and emotion dysregulation: a qualitative interview study.

Background: Emotion dysregulation commonly co-occurs with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), leading to a range of negative outcomes. While psychological interventions have shown promise in bringing about positive changes in emotional and cognitive domains, there is still limited knowledge on the subjective experiences of change among the participants in these interventions.

Aim: The present study explores the experiences of adults with ADHD who had participated in a blended digital and face-to-face intervention aimed at improving emotion dysregulation.

Features of intermediate and late dry age-related macular degeneration on adaptive optics ophthalmoscopy: Pinnacle Study Report 8.

Background/objectives: Adaptive optics ophthalmoscopy (AOO) has the potential to provide insights into AMD pathology and to assess the risk of progression. We aim to utilise AOO to describe detailed features of intermediate AMD and to characterise microscopic changes during atrophy development.

Subjects/methods: Patients with intermediate AMD were recruited into PINNACLE, a prospective observational cohort study.

Physiochemical and functional evaluation of the first-in-class anti-cancer IgE antibody drug, MOv18, through process development and good manufacturing practice production.

Antibodies used for cancer therapy are monoclonal IgGs, but tumor-targeting IgE antibodies have shown enhanced effector cell potency against cancer in preclinical models. Research-grade recombinant IgE antibodies have been generated and studied for several decades. The recent Phase 1 clinical trial of the first-in-class MOv18 IgE, however, necessitated the inaugural process development and scaled manufacture of a recombinant IgE to clinical quality standards.

Using the Recommended Summary Plan for Emergency Care and Treatment (ReSPECT) in a community setting: does it facilitate best interests decision-making?

In the UK, the Recommended Summary Plan for Emergency Care and Treatment (ReSPECT) is a widely used process, designed to facilitate shared decision-making between a clinician and a patient or, if the patient lacks capacity to participate in the conversation, a person close to the patient. A key outcome of the ReSPECT process is a set of recommendations, recorded on the patient-held ReSPECT form, that reflect the conversation. In an emergency, these recommendations are intended to inform clinical decision-making, and thereby enable the attending clinician-usually a general practitioner (GP) or paramedic-to act in the patient's best interests.

Comparing apples and oranges in youth depression treatments? A quantitative critique of the evidence base and guidelines.

Objectives: Should a young person receive psychotherapy or medication for their depression and on what evidence do we base this decision? In this paper, we test the factors across modalities that may influence comparability between medication and psychotherapy trials.

Methods: We included 92 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of psychotherapy and medication for child and adolescent depression (mean age 4-18 years). Using meta-analyses, we compared (a) participant characteristics and (b) trial characteristics in medication and psychotherapy trials.

Epidemiology and outcomes of patients with cardiac arrest in the emergency department of a lower middle-income country.

Background: Advanced cardiovascular life support (ACLS) for cardiac arrest is a cornerstone of emergency care and yet remains poorly studied in low- and middle-income countries. We characterised the clinical epidemiology and outcomes of cardiac arrest and ACLS in an ED in central Haiti, a lower middle-income country with a nascent emergency care system.

Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study of adult and paediatric patients who suffered cardiac arrest in an academic hospital ED in central Haiti from January 2019 to August 2020.

Global linear accelerator requirements and personalised country recommendations: a cross-sectional, population-based study.

Background: The Linear Accelerator Shortage Index (LSI) is a practical tool for prioritising the deployment of linear accelerators (LINACs) in various regions within a country. The LSI reflects the ratio of LINAC demand to current availability. The aim of this study was to use the LSI to predict global LINAC needs and classify countries according to the degree of radiotherapy shortage (LINAC shortage grade).

How do we co-produce care planning with people living with dementia: A scoping review.

Background: Legislation, policy and clinical guidance champions the values of co-production in good care planning; however, it is unclear what kind of information is available in the literature about how concepts of co-production have been applied in practice to care planning from the perspective of people living with dementia and their carers as experts-by-experience. A scoping review was conducted to map the current evidence addressing care planning co-production practice from the perspectives of people living with dementia and their carers across various settings of dementia care.

Methods: A two-phase process was employed.

Validated LC-MS/MS methodology for the quantification of CBD, trace level THCA and UK controlled cannabinoids (Δ-THC, Δ-THC, CBN and THCV) in food samples.

Products containing cannabidiol (CBD) have become increasingly popular due to consumer-perceived benefits of improving health and well-being. More specifically in the United Kingdom (UK), CBD food products are categorised as . For these products to remain on the market, they must have authorisation from the Food Standards Agency on the basis that they are safe, correctly labelled, and do not contain substances classified under controlled drugs legislation in accordance with any existing or future Home Office guidance.

Profile and methodology of ancillary protective measures employed during percutaneous renal cryoablation in a single high-volume centre.

Objectives: To evaluate the at-risk organs that require protection during percutaneous cryoablation (PCA) of renal tumours and the correlation with patient and target lesion characteristics, type of protective measure used and postoperative outcomes.

Materials And Methods: Single-centre retrospective review of patients with renal tumours who underwent PCA between 2008 and 2020. Final analysis included 374 tumours.

Spinal cord injury in abusive and accidental head injury in children, a neuropathological investigation.

The diagnosis of abusive head trauma (AbHT) in children is a challenging one that needs to be differentiated from natural disease and accidental head injury (AcHT). There is increasing evidence from the Neuroradiology field showing spinal cord injury in children subject to AbHT, which has, so far, been poorly investigated pathologically. In this study we retrospectively reviewed the forensic records of 110 paediatric head injury cases over an eight-year-period.

Feasibility and Acceptability of a Virtual "Dementia Awareness for Caregivers" Course in Brazil and India.

Objective: To establish whether a virtual dementia awareness course is feasible for caregivers of people with dementia in Brazil and India.

Methods: A pre/posttest single group, multisite feasibility study, mixed methods exploratory design was applied. Primary caregivers of people with dementia in Brazil and India took a 3 to 4-hour course adapted for online delivery, with 10 to 15 caregivers.

The Impact of Child and Adolescent Inpatient Psychiatric Admissions Out-of-Area or to Adult Wards: A Systematic Review.

Child and adolescent psychiatric inpatient admissions out-of-area or to adult wards are frequently discussed in the national media. No previous systematic reviews have investigated the impact of such admissions. Systematic searches of MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, PsycArticles, King's Fund, Google Scholar, The Health Foundation, Social Care Online, Cochrane Library, Royal College of Psychiatrists, Web of Science and Econ light databases were conducted alongside grey literature searches.

The Prevalence and Progression of Microvascular Complications and the Interaction With Ethnicity and Socioeconomic Status in People With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) are serious complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The reported estimates of prevalence and progression of DN and DR vary widely across studies. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the extent to which these variations in prevalence and progression of DN and DR may relate to different ethnic groups and socioeconomic status (SES).