Self-study of the non-extension sign in an e-learning program improves diagnostic accuracy of invasion depth of early gastric cancer.

 We developed an e-learning program for endoscopic diagnosis of invasion depth of early gastric cancer (EGC) using a simple diagnostic criterion called non-extension sign, and the contribution of self-study quizzes to improvement of diagnostic accuracy was evaluated.  We conducted a prospective randomized controlled study that recruited endoscopists throughout Japan. After completing a pretest, the participants watched video lectures and undertook post-test 1.

Fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus associated with Coxsackievirus type B1 infection during pregnancy: a case report.

Background: Fulminant type 1 diabetes is characterized by an intrinsic insulin deficiency resulting from the severe destruction of pancreatic β cells and it rapidly leads to ketoacidosis. However, the association between fulminant type 1 diabetes in pregnancy and specific viral infections has not been reported.

Case Presentation: The patient in this study was a 31-year-old Japanese woman, and at 30 weeks of pregnancy she was admitted with marked fatigue.

First Case Report of Possible Sarcocystis truncata-induced Food Poisoning in Venison.

Along with the increase in consumption of raw animal meat, the prevalence of food poisoning is increasing. A 67-year-old Japanese man had eaten raw venison 4 hours prior to the beginning of vomiting. Many white cysts were discovered in the venison, with numerous bradyzoites being detected after the cysts were punctured.

Results of Graft Removal and Negative Pressure Wound Therapy in Management of Graft Infection.

Graft infections are a challenging complication in lower extremity bypass surgery with poor outcome, even when treated with graft removal (Gr-R) as a gold standard therapy. The efficacy of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) for graft infections has been reported recently, but it is still controversial. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of NPWT and Gr-R for treating graft infections.

Feasibility and safety of duodenal covered self-expandable metallic stent fixation: an experimental study.

Background And Aims: Migration of duodenal covered self-expandable metallic stents (C-SEMS) is the main cause of stent dysfunction in patients with malignant gastric outlet obstruction. However, the ideal method to prevent migration has not been clarified. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of duodenal C-SEMS fixation in this experimental study.

Comparison of clinical outcomes following percutaneous coronary intervention versus optimal medical therapy based on gray-zone fractional flow reserve in stable angina patients with intermediate coronary artery stenosis (COMFORTABLE prospective study): Study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background: Even in the current drug-eluting stent era, revascularization for coronary stenosis with fractional flow reserve (FFR) between 0.75 and 0.80, the so-called "gray zone," is a matter of debate.

The association between the increased performance of laparoscopic colon surgery and a reduced risk of surgical site infection.

Purpose: Surgical site infection (SSI) is the most frequently occurring nosocomial infection. Remarkable surgical progress has recently been made in laparoscopic surgery. Therefore, our objective was to investigate the association between increased rates of laparoscopic colon surgery and SSI.

Clinical spectrum of male patients with OFD1 mutations.

Oral-facial-digital syndrome type 1 (OFD1) is a ciliopathy characterized by oral, facial, and digital malformations that are often accompanied by polycystic lesion of the kidney and central nervous involvement. OFD1 shows an X-linked recessive inheritance caused by mutation in the OFD1 gene (Xp22.2).

A Case of Chronic Calcium Oxalate Nephropathy due to Short Bowel Syndrome and Cholecystectomy.

Background: Oxalate nephropathy is a rare disease. Especially chronic oxalate nephropathy still has many unknown aspects as compared to acute oxalate nephropathy with relatively well-known causality.

Case Presentation: The patient was a 70-year-old woman who had a history of small bowel resection 25 years before, cholecystectomy 10 years before, and renal stones (calcium oxalate stones) 7 years before.

3D-printed aortic stenosis model with fragile and crushable calcifications for off-the-job training and surgical simulation.

Surgical simulation devices can be helpful and cost-effective adjuncts to on-the-job training. In this tutorial we present our method for creating an aortic stenosis model with realistically fragile and crushable calcifications, using modern 3D-printing techniques.  The model can be used for training and surgical simulation and is an effective aid to learning for young cardiovascular surgeons.

Cognitive Function and Brain Atrophy Predict Non-pharmacological Efficacy in Dementia: The Mihama-Kiho Scan Project2.

We aimed to determine whether neuropsychological deficits and brain atrophy could predict the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions. Forty-six participants with mild-to-moderate dementia were monitored for 6 months; 25 underwent an intervention involving physical exercise with music, and 21 performed cognitive stimulation tasks. Participants were categorized into improvement (IMP) and no-IMP subgroups.

[Super-Elderly Recurrent Rectal Cancer Effectively Treated with Chemotherapy for Three Years - Report of a Case].

The safety and feasibility of the chemotherapy for super-elderly patients over 85 years old have not been clarified yet. We report an extremely aged patient with recurrent rectal cancer that was successfully treated with chemotherapy. A 85-year-old woman underwent Hartmann procedure for rectal cancer.

[Successful cord blood transplantation in a patient with adult-onset common variable immunodeficiency].

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most frequently diagnosed congenital immunodeficiency and is characterized by dysfunctional antibody production. It often occurs at the age of ≥10 years. Here we reported a case of a 46-year-old man confirmed with adult-onset CVID.

The Effect of Motion Artifacts on Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) Data and Proposal of a Video-NIRS System.

Aims: The aims of this study were (1) to investigate the influence of physical movement on near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) data, (2) to establish a video-NIRS system which simultaneously records NIRS data and the subject's movement, and (3) to measure the oxygenated hemoglobin (oxy-Hb) concentration change (Δoxy-Hb) during a word fluency (WF) task.

Experiment 1: In 5 healthy volunteers, we measured the oxy-Hb and deoxygenated hemoglobin (deoxy-Hb) concentrations during 11 kinds of facial, head, and extremity movements. The probes were set in the bilateral frontal regions.