Global prevalence and risk factors of obstetric violence: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Obstetric violence (OBV), defined as mistreatment or abuse during childbirth, is a pervasive global issue, albeit with regional differences, affecting women's physical and emotional well-being.

Objectives: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess the prevalence of OBV to identify risk factors associated with OBV and to make suggestions for improving maternal healthcare practices and policies.

Search Strategy: In a systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched four electronic databases for studies published over 10 years up to 31 January 2024: Medline (PubMed), Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science (WOS).