CircRNA Arf3 suppresses glomerular mesangial cell proliferation and fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy via miR-107-3p/Tmbim6 axis.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of microvascular complication associated with diabetes. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been shown to be involved in DN pathogenesis. Hence, this work aimed to explore the role and mechanism of circ_Arf3 in DN.

USP19 Stabilizes TAK1 to Regulate High Glucose/Free Fatty Acid-induced Dysfunction in HK-2 Cells.

Objective: Obesity-induced kidney injury contributes to the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Here, we identified the functions of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 19 (USP19) in HK-2 cells exposed to a combination of high glucose (HG) and free fatty acid (FFA) and determined its association with TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1).

Methods: HK-2 cells were exposed to a combination of HG and FFA.

Serum oxalate concentration is associated with coronary artery calcification and cardiovascular events in Japanese dialysis patients.

Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). CAC might contain calcium oxalate, and a high serum oxalate (S) concentration is associated with cardiovascular mortality in dialysis patients. We assessed the associations between S and CAC or CVD events in Japanese hemodialysis patients.

A Novel Circ_Arf3/miR-452-5p/Mbnl1 Axis Regulates Proliferation and Expression of Fibrosis-Related Proteins of Mouse Mesangial Cells Under High Glucose.

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious microvascular complication of diabetes that may lead to chronic renal failure and end-stage renal disease. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important roles in DN progression. However, the action of circRNA ADP ribosylation factor 3 (circ_Arf3) in high glucose (HG)-induced change is still unclear.

Hsa_circ_0003928 regulates the progression of diabetic nephropathy through miR-136-5p/PAQR3 axis.

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the complications of diabetes and has a high mortality, but its specific pathogenesis is not clear. In recent years, researches on the mechanism of circRNAs in DN have been proved a lot, whereas the functional mechanism of circ_0003928 in DN remains open and it must be investigated to value its important role in DN prevention.

Methods: HK-2 cells were treated with high glucose (HG), normal glucose (NG) or Mannitol.

Silencing circ_0080425 alleviates high-glucose-induced endothelial cell dysfunction in diabetic nephropathy by targeting miR-140-3p/FN1 axis.

Background: Hsa_circ_0080425 (circ_0080425) is newly identified to correlate with the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, its role and mechanism in DN process is not very clear.

Methods: Cell counting kit-8 assay, flow cytometry, scratch wound assay, and western blotting were performed to measure endothelial cell dysfunction.

Gut microbial sodium butyrate alleviates renal ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating HES1/PPARα.

This study investigated the effect of gut microbial sodium butyrate (NaB) on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and its mechanism using a rat model of renal IRI and a HK-2 cell model of hypoxia-reoxygenation (HR) injury. The activity of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase in kidney tissues and HK-2 cells was detected. ELISA was performed to measure the concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in serum and cell culture supernatant.

Circular ribonucleic acid nucleoporin 98 knockdown alleviates high glucose-induced proliferation, fibrosis, inflammation and oxidative stress in human glomerular mesangial cells by regulating the microribonucleic acid-151-3p-high mobility group AT-hook 2 axis.

Aims/introduction: This study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of circular ribonucleic acid nucleoporin 98 (circNUP98) in diabetic nephropathy (DN).

Materials And Methods: Human glomerular mesangial cells (HMCs) were stimulated with high glucose (HG) to imitate the growth environment of cells under the DN condition. Levels of genes and proteins were tested by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot.

Impact of phosphate binders on medication dosing frequency, timing, and number of prescribed pills in hemodialysis patients.

Introduction: Phosphate binders (PBs) account for a large proportion of the daily pill burden in hemodialysis patients. However, patients do not take them all at once but at several dosing timings.

Methods: We analyzed the dosing timings of all 322 types of oral drugs prescribed to 533 hemodialysis patients.

Long noncoding RNA MIAT inhibits the progression of diabetic nephropathy and the activation of NF-κB pathway in high glucose-treated renal tubular epithelial cells by the miR-182-5p/GPRC5A axis.

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common diabetic complication. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as essential regulators in DN progression. This study is devoted to the research of lncRNA-myocardial infarction-associated transcript (MIAT) in DN.

Effect of Interleukin-17 gene on glomerular ultrastructure and podocyte injury in adriamycin nephropathy rat models.

The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of interleukin-17 (IL-17) gene in renal tissues of rats suffering from adriamycin (ADM) nephropathy and its effect on the expression level of characteristic proteins, such as Podocalyxin and Nephrin, in podocytes. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a control group (treated with normal saline) and an ADM group (treated with adriamycin). ADM model rats were transfected with lentivirus and divided into a transfection group (transfected with recombinant plasmid IL-17-shRNA) and a negative control group (transfected with plasmid shNC).

Development of glomerular hyperfiltration, a multiphasic phenomenon.

The trajectory of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in relation to glomerular hyperfiltration (GHF) has been unknown. It was evaluated retrospectively in 23,982 GHF-free health examinees who were followed for 2-10 yr (mean: 5.1 yr).

Anti-aging gene Klotho ameliorates diabetic nephropathy in mice by inhibiting FGF2 signaling pathway.

The aim of this study was to observe the expression of Klotho in renal tissues of mice with diabetic ne¬phropathy (DN), and to further explore the effect of Klotho on DN in mice and its mechanism. The 10-week-old mice in this experiment were divided into three groups: heterozygous db/+ mouse group (db/+ group, n=20), homozygous db/db mouse group (db/db group, n=20) and homozygous db/db mice + Klotho group (db/db + Klotho group, n=20). Firstly, Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining were applied to detect the protein expression of Klotho in the renal tissues of diabetic and non-diabetic mice of different ages.

A folded-blister pill pack causes ileal perforation.

Ileal perforation by an accidental ingestion of a blister pill pack is rare. A detailed history of the present illness is the initial key to proceed appropriate investigations. Computed tomography is the gold standard for diagnosis of the disease.

Cardiac involvement in heavy and light chain amyloidosis: A case report and literature review.

Introduction: Heavy and light chain amyloidosis is an extremely rare condition. There are few reports referring to the clinical impact of cardiac involvement in heavy and light chain amyloidosis, and the significance of myocardial impairment has not yet been completely explained.

Patient Concerns: A 66-year-old Japanese man was admitted to our hospital presenting with nephrotic syndrome and congestive heart failure.

Peritoneal Dialysis and Malignancy: An Experience With a Patient Complicated by Gastric Carcinoma.

An 86-year-old man who had been treated with peritoneal dialysis for 14°months due to end-stage kidney disease secondary to hypertensive nephrosclerosis presented with a recent history of malaise, abdominal discomfort, and anorexia. An endoscopic evaluation revealed an elevated, ulcerated, and friable lesion around the lesser curvature of the stomach. The concurrent gastric biopsy specimens revealed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, while a cytological examination of the dialysis fluid revealed clusters of malignant cells.

Phosphate Binders Derived from Natural Ores Contain Many Kinds of Metallic Elements Besides Their Active Ingredient Metals.

Most patients undergoing dialysis are required to take many phosphate binder pills to control hyperphosphatemia. Phosphate binders prescribed in Japan are classified into two types: metal-based binders (Ca carbonate, lanthanum carbonate, ferric citrate hydrate, and sucroferric oxyhydroxide) and chemically synthesized polymers (sevelamer hydrochloride and bixalomer). The raw materials of metal-based phosphate binders are natural ores; thus, such binders may contain several other metallic elements.

Fibroblast growth factor 23 is upregulated in the kidney in a chronic kidney disease rat model.

The hormone fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is secreted from bone and is involved in phosphorus (P) metabolism. FGF23 mainly binds the FGF receptor, which interacts with αKlotho in the kidney or parathyroid and regulates Na-dependent phosphate co-transporter type IIa (NaPi-IIa) and type IIc (NaPi-IIc) expression, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) activity, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion. In this study, we utilized hemi-nephrectomized rats fed a high-P diet (HP Nx), rats subjected to a partial nephrectomy (PN) and rats with doxorubicin-induced renal failure (DXR) as chronic kidney disease (CKD) animal models and analyzed the P metabolism and FGF23 expression in the kidneys in each CKD model.

[Pharmacological characteristics of drugs targeted on calcium-sensing receptor.-properties of cinacalcet hydrochloride as allosteric modulator].

Calcimimetics act as positive allosteric modulators of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), thereby decreasing parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion from the parathyroid glands. On the other hand, negative allosteric modulators of the CaSR with stimulatory effect on PTH secretion are termed calcilytics. The calcimimetic cinacalcet hydrochloride (cinacalcet) is the world's first allosteric modulator of G protein-coupled receptor to enter the clinical market.

Serum sulfatide abnormality is associated with increased oxidative stress in hemodialysis patients.

Sulfatides are major glycosphingolipids of lipoproteins that influence atherosclerosis and blood coagulation. Our previous cross-sectional study of hemodialysis patients showed that serum sulfatide levels decreased markedly with increasing duration of hemodialysis treatment, which may contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease. However, this past study could not demonstrate the time-dependent change in serum sulfatide levels in each patient, and the underlying mechanism is unknown.

Central nervous system mediates an antihypertensive property in glucocorticoid hypertension in dogs.

Objective: To determine whether the central nervous system has a pressor or a depressor role in glucocorticoid-induced hypertension.

Methods: Intracerebroventricular dexamethasone or its receptor antagonist, RU 38486, was administered in 20 trained conscious dogs. In addition, intracerebroventricular RU 38486 was administered in dogs treated with oral dexamethasone.