Feasibility of Early 68 Ga-FAP-2286 PET Imaging: A Case Study.

Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) has emerged as a promising molecular target for diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Previous research, including our own study and other published reports, has highlighted the potential of FAP inhibitors labeled with 68 Ga as effective diagnostic radiopharmaceuticals. In this study, we present a comparative analysis of early and late PET/CT scans, using 68 Ga-FAP-2286, for the detection of tumor lesions in a patient with metastatic breast adenocarcinoma.

Fucosyltransferase 3 and 8 promote the metastatic capacity of cancer stem-like cells via CD15s and E-cadherin in esophageal cancer.

Objectives: Esophageal cancer stem cells (ECSCs) have been identified as the subset of cells within esophageal squamous cell carcinoma that possess tumorigenic, invasive, and metastatic properties. One important aspect of cancer metastasis is the binding of sialyl-Lewis X (CD15s) with E- or P-selectin, which facilitates the adhesion and migration of cancer cells to distant sites. This study was conducted to investigate the impact of fucosylation processes on the metastatic behavior of ECSCs.

CircZNF609 and circNFIX as possible regulators of glioblastoma pathogenesis via miR-145-5p/EGFR axis.

Glioblastoma is a rare and deadly malignancy with a low survival rate. Emerging evidence has shown that aberrantly expressed circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a critical role in the initiation and progression of GBM tumorigenesis. The oncogenic function of circZNF609 and circNFIX is involved in several types of cancer, but the role and underlying mechanism of these circRNAs in glioblastoma remain unclear.

First Experience of Radionuclide Therapy With 177Lu-FAPI-2286 in a Patient With Metastatic Mediastinal Sarcoma.

Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is a new promising molecular target for theragnostic approach. FAP inhibitors (FAPIs) labeled with 177Lu could be potentially a therapeutic radiopharmaceutical. Here, we presented the experience of 4 cycles of 177Lu-FAPI in a 67-year-old man with an unresectable mediastinal sarcoma.

Association between miR-202, miR-211, and miR-1238 gene polymorphisms and risk of vitiligo.

Vitiligo, as a common pigment defect in the skin, hair, and mucous membranes, results from the destruction of melanocytes. Recent investigations have shown that miRNA dysregulation contributes in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. Therefore, in this research, our aim is to explore the relationship between miR-202 rs12355840, miR-211 rs8039189, and miR-1238 rs12973308 polymorphisms and susceptibility to vitiligo.

Evaluation of HLA-DR and HLA-DQ expression in gastric cancer tissues.

Background And Objectives: Despite recent advances in understanding the gastric cancer (GC) biology, the precise molecular mechanism of gastric carcinogenesis and role of deregulated immune responses in GC progression are still not well understood. In this study, mRNA levels of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRA and -DQA1 were assessed in GC patients to find a potential association between expression of these HLA-II molecules and gastric carcinogenesis.

Methods: Using quantitative real-time (qRT)-PCR, mRNA levels of HLA-DRA and -DQA1 were assessed in 20 pairs of matched GC and normal tissues.

Complete Resolution of Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer After Molecular Endoradiotherapy With 177 Lu-PSMA.

A 76-year-old man with castration-resistant prostate cancer underwent 68 Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT for restaging. A large PSMA-avid tumor with invasion to adjacent organs was noted causing gross hematuria and symptomatic anemia. Two cycles of 177 Lu-PSMA were administered, and the patient showed significant reduction of hematuria as well as declining in PSA levels.

Relationship of Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) and Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) with the Outcome of Patients with Acute Exacerbation of COPD.

Background: Mean platelet volume (MPV) reflects the platelet production rate and stimulation, while mean corpuscular volume (MCV) represents the average size of red blood cells. Considering the possibility of the relationship between red cell index changes and different severities of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as well as the uncertainty of the available results in this regard, the present study aimed at evaluating the relationship between MPV and MCV in the outcome of patients with acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD).

Materials And Methods: In this cross-sectional analytical study, 150 patients with AECOPD that referred to the emergency department (ED) were included in the study.

Determinants of diabetes self-care activities in patients with type 2 diabetes based on self-determination theory.

Aims: In type 2 diabetes control, self-management is an effective way to minimize the risk of developing complications and improve the quality of life. Self-determination theory (SDT) proposed a promising explanatory framework to predict self-regulated behavior which was particularly relevant for self-management. This study aimed to investigate whether SDT constructs can affect the self-management and controlling glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in type 2 diabetic patients or not.

Periosteal Nerve Block Vs. Intravenous Morphine in Pain Relief of Distal Radius and Ulna Fracture; a Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial.

Introduction: Distal forearm fractures' realignment and fixation is a painful procedure. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of periosteal nerve block and intravenous morphine in distal radius and ulna fractures' pain management.

Methods: In the present randomized, parallel, double-blind, controlled clinical trial, patients with distal radius or ulna fractures were divided into two groups.

Nerve Root Metastasis of Breast Carcinoma Detected by Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Scan.

A 35-year-old woman with history of breast cancer was referred to our department for restaging by F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scan. Aside from multiple other FDG-avid metastatic lesions, a segmental increased FDG uptake was visualized along the asymmetrically thicker left first sacral nerve root, highly concerning for metastatic disease, which was confirmed by the subsequently performed magnetic resonance imaging. Our case highlights the capability of FDG PET/CT scan in the correct diagnosis of the extremely rare phenomenon of nerve root metastasis as well as the importance of differentiating FDG-avid lumbosacral nerve roots from adjacent skeletal metastases.

Diagnostic Value of the Optic Nerve Sheath in the Diagnosis of Increased Intracranial Pressure in Traumatic Brain Patients.

Background: Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) is a modifiable secondary injury that is associated with poor outcomes in patients with traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the ICP of TBI patients by measuring the thickness of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD).

Materials And Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 220 patients with severe TBI that referred to Khatam-al-Anbya Hospital in Zahedan in 2021.

Development and evaluation of Zr-trastuzumab for clinical applications.

Objectives: Due to the suitable physical characteristics of Zr as a PET radionuclide and affinity of Trastuzumab monoclonal antibody against HER2, [Zr]Zr-Trastuzumab was prepared and went through preclinical evaluations for ultimate human applications.

Methods: Zr was produced by using Y(p,n)Zr reaction at a 30 MeV cyclotron (radionuclide purity>99.9%, specific activity of 17 GBq/µg).

Machine Learning Approach for the Determination of the Best Cut-Off Points for Ki67 Proliferation Index in Adjuvant and Neo-Adjuvant Therapy Breast Cancer Patients.

Background: This study aims to evaluate Ki67 cut-off points for differentiating low and high-risk patients based on survival and recurrence and find the best Ki67 cut-off points in breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapy using machine learning methods.

Patients And Methods: Patients with breast cancer treated at 2 referral hospitals between December 2000 and March 2021 who had invasive breast cancer entered this study. There were 257 patients in the neoadjuvant group and 2139 in the adjuvant group.

The Level of Serum Osmolarity at Admission in Prognosis of Nosocomial Mortality in Patients with Severe Brain Trauma.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death among patients in developed countries. The patients' prognosis depends on the trauma-induced primary damage as well as the secondary brain damage, including electrolyte disturbances. Therefore, prevention, diagnosis, and timely treatment lead to better prognosis.

A Comparative Study of the Effect of Intravenous Morphine and Ketorolac on Pain Control in Patients with Renal Colic.

Background: The present study aimed at comparing the effect of ketorolac and morphine on the pain control in patients with renal colic.

Materials And Methods: The present clinical trial was performed on 272 patients with renal colic that were divided into two groups. Patients in the first and second groups intravenously received morphine at a dose of 1.

Machine learning approach for automated predicting of COVID-19 severity based on clinical and paraclinical characteristics: Serum levels of zinc, calcium, and vitamin D.

Background & Aims: Considering that no standard therapy has yet been found for the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), identifying severe cases as early as possible, and such that treatment procedures can be escalated seems necessary. Hence, the present study aimed to develop a machine learning (ML) approach for automated severity assessment of COVID-19 based on clinical and paraclinical characteristics like serum levels of zinc, calcium, and vitamin D.

Methods: In this analytical cross-sectional study which was conducted from May 2020 to May 2021, clinical and paraclinical data sets of COVID-19-positive patients with known outcomes were investigated by combining statistical comparison and correlation methods with ML algorithms, including Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), and Support Vector Machine (SVM).

Can Coronavirus Disease 2019 Effect on Human Reproduction?

Since the main role in the pathogenesis of the coronavirus is attributed to the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) receptor, it could possibly be a hypothesis in the differential sex-based pathogenesis of the coronavirus. The virus inserts its genetic material into the cell through its ACE2 receptors and replicates it by intracellular proteins. ACE2 receptors are highly expressed in cell membranes of various tissues in the body, including cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, renal, macrophage cells, and especially on the surface of type 2 pneumocytes in the lungs, ovaries, uterus, vagina, placenta, and testes.

Amino acid extravasation: a rare red flag to keep in mind during peptide receptor radioligand therapy (PRRT) with [177Lu]Lu-DOTATATE.

A 64 years-old woman with intestinal neuroendocrine tumor (NET) and multiple liver metastases was referred for peptide receptor radioligand therapy (PRRT) with [177Lu]Lu-DOTATATE. A few days after the third cycle of PRRT, erythema and swelling in the injection site is occurred which progressed up to one-month post-therapy. The cutaneous lesion was managed by a plastic surgeon with topical treatment.

68 Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT in a Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Patient With Low PSMA Expression.

A 70-year-old man with mCRPC (metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer) was referred for 68 Ga-PSMA PET/CT for restaging and the possibility of targeted molecular radioligand therapy with 177 Lu-PSMA. Numerous 68 Ga-PSMA-avid skeletal metastases with low SUVs were noted. Because of low PSMA expression, a 68 Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT was performed to evaluate the eligibility for FAPI-based radioligand therapy.

Beneficial Effect of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Combined With Physiotherapy After Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy Surgery.

Purpose: Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is one of the most notable causes of spinal cord impairment among elderly people worldwide. Little is written about the influence of postoperative rehabilitation on recovery of function in patients with CSM. In this study, we assessed the combined effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) combined with physiotherapy and physiotherapy alone on motor and sensory improvement assessed after spinal cord decompression in patients with CSM.