Photophysical Behavior and Computational Investigation of Novel 1,4-Bis(2-(2-Phenylpyrimido[1,2-a]Benzimidazol-4-Yl)Phenoxy)Butan (BPPB) Macromolecule.

A new macromolecule pyrimido[l,2-a]benzimidazole derivative named 1,4-bis(2-(2-phenylpyrimido[1,2-a]benzimidazol-4-yl)phenoxy)butan (BPPB) has been synthesized in accepted yield using microwave assistance. The new compound BPPB has been formed by the interaction of 3,3'-((butane-1,4-diylbis(oxy))bis(2,1-phenylene))bis(1-phenylprop-2-en-1-one) (3) with 2- aminobenzimidazole (4) in the presence of potassium hydroxide as a basic catalyst in dimethylformamide (DMF) under microwave radiation for 20 min. The chemical structure of this novel compound was elucidated by elemental and spectral techniques including: FT-IR, (1)H-NMR, (13)C-NMR and mass spectra.

Fluorescence, Photophysical Behaviour and DFT Investigation of E,E-2,5-bis[2-(3-pyridyl)ethenyl]pyrazine (BPEP).

E,E-2,5-bis[2-(3-pyridyl)ethenyl]pyrazine (BPEP) has been prepared by aldol condensation between 2,5-dimethylpyrazine and pyridine-3-carboxaldehyde. It is characterized by IR, (1)H NMR, and (13)C NMR. The electronic absorption and emission properties of BPEP were studied in different solvents.

Eye-rima oris distance and its relation to the vertical dimension of occlusion measured by two methods: Anthropometric study in a sample of Yemeni dental students.

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between the distance measured from the distal outer of the eye to the parting line of the lips and the occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) measured by two methods.

Methods: One hundred and fourteen dental students (76 males and 38 females) were recruited for this study with mean age (22.34 ± 1.

Inducible clindamycin resistance and nasal carriage rates of Staphylococcus aureus among healthcare workers and community members.

Background: Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus is becoming an increasing problem among healthcare workers and community individuals.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) nasal colonization and inducible clindamycin resistance (ICR) of S.

Cytomegalovirus infection in a cohort of pregnant women.

Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) in 300 pregnant women. Seventeen (5.7%) and 274 (91.

Ovarian Cancer During Pregnancy: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Ovarian cancer during pregnancy is a rare event. Little is known about the treatment of this condition due to lack of prospective randomized trials and cohort studies. In this paper the authors reported a rare case of small cells ovarian cancer, diagnosed at 16 weeks of gestation, treated with conservative surgery at 18 weeks and chemotherapy.

Urinary tract infections and antimicrobial sensitivity among diabetic patients at Khartoum, Sudan.

Background: Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are more susceptible to urinary tract infection (UTI) than non-diabetics. Due to the emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) uropathogenic strains, the choice of antimicrobial agent is restricted. This study investigated the epidemiology of UTI, antimicrobial susceptibility, and resistance patterns of bacterial isolates from adult diabetic patients.

Re-examination of renal allograft biopsy blocks for C4d positivity: missed cases of antibody mediated rejection.

Introduction: C4d immunostaining of renal allograft biopsies is recommended for the diagnosis of antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR), but it was not available to us prior to June 2012. In June 2012, we were able to obtain anti-human C4d polyclonal antibody and decided to retrospectively evaluate archived kidney allograft biopsies at our center for C4d deposition.

Methods: Twenty-four paraffin blocks were available for this study.

Chimeric autologous costal cartilage graft to prevent warping.

Background: Carved autologous costal cartilage is widely used in different rhinoplasty procedures because of its availability and proven advantages. However, the usefulness of rib grafts is limited by warping postoperatively. The chimeric autologous costal cartilage graft is proposed.

Molecular Cytogenetic Study of the NF2 Gene Deletion in Meningioma in Sudanese Patients.

Meningioma is the second most common adult central nervous system tumor. Mutations and/or deletions within the tumor suppressor gene neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) are associated with meningioma development and progression. We studied 29 meningioma samples by cytogenetic analysis and interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (I-FISH) using a locus-specific probe for the NF2 gene region.

Vaginal infections among pregnant women at Omdurman Maternity Hospital in Khartoum, Sudan.

Introduction: Microbial infections of the vagina in pregnant women are health problems that lead to serious medical complications and consequences. This study aimed to investigate and determine antimicrobial susceptibilities of the causative agents of vaginal infections in pregnant women.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study of pregnant women (n = 200) was conducted between August and December 2008 at Omdurman Maternity Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan.

The control of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease: a call to raise the awareness.

Although the incidence of rheumatic fever (RF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD) has declined in the developed world and many developing countries, yet it is still high in many countries including Sudan. The decline of frequency of RF in these countries is largely due to improved medical services leading to wide use of antibiotics to treat bacterial pharyngitis. In many developing countries, the incidence is decreased due to development of integrated control programs.

Chewing ability and associated factors in a Sudanese population.

This study aimed to assess self-reported chewing ability among a sample of Sudanese adults and to identify factors associated with impaired oral function. A total of 1,888 adults (≥16 years old) attending outpatient clinics in Khartoum State were included. Subjective chewing ability was assessed by interviewing participants on chewing complaints and perceived difficulty of chewing 15 common Sudanese foods.

Psychometric properties and performance of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14s-ar) among Sudanese adults.

The aims of this study were to develop a Sudanese-Arabic version of the English-language Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14), assess the psychometric properties and performance of this new instrument, and then use it to investigate the impacts of selected oral disorders on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Sudanese adolescents and adults (age, ≥ 16 years; 781 males and 1107 females) attending outpatient clinics in Khartoum State were enrolled. The OHIP-14 was adapted, and the validity and reliability of the Sudanese-Arabic version of the questionnaire (OHIP-14s-ar) were assessed.

Prevalence of Extended-spectrum β-Lactamases-producing Escherichia coli from Hospitals in Khartoum State, Sudan.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and assess antimicrobial susceptibility of extended- spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolated from clinical specimens of patients at hospitals in Khartoum State, Sudan.

Methods: During April to August 2011, a total of 232 E. coli isolates were collected from various clinical specimens of patients.

Distribution of Class I integrons and their effect on the prevalence of multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli clinical isolates from Sudan.

Objective: To analyze integrons gene cassettes Class I among Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates from Sudan and to determine their effect on the prevalence of resistance to antimicrobials.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at 6 hospitals in Khartoum State, Sudan between April and August 2011.

Increased multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli from hospitals in Khartoum state, Sudan.

Background: Multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli (MDR E. coli) has become a major public health concern in Sudan and many countries, causing failure in treatment with consequent huge health burden.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and susceptibility of MDR E.

Type 2 diabetes in Sudanese children and adolescents.

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of T2 DM among children and adolescents attending a paediatric and adolescent diabetic clinic in Khartoum -Sudan and to find out the etiological factors, clinical presentation, management and associated co morbidities. This was a retrospective, descriptive hospital based study. The records of all children attending the clinic at Jabir Abu Izz Diabetic Center from January 2006 to December 2009 were reviewed and those who were diagnosed as type 2 DM were identified.

Rotavirus infection among Sudanese children younger than 5 years of age: a cross sectional hospital-based study.

Introduction: In Sudan, rotavirus has been one of the important causative agents of diarrhea among children. Rotavirus A is well known as the leading cause of diarrhea in young children worldwide. It was estimated to account for 41% of hospitalized cases of acute gastroenteritis among children in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Factors associated with tooth loss and prosthodontic status among Sudanese adults.

A study was conducted to determine the degree of tooth loss, factors influencing tooth loss, and the extent of prosthodontic rehabilitation in Sudanese adults (≥ 16 years old) attending outpatient clinics in Khartoum State. Pearson and multivariate analyses were used to examine the relationships between tooth loss and specific characteristics determined through interviews and clinical examinations. The mean number of missing teeth was 3.

A survey of oral health in a Sudanese population.

Background: We aimed to assess the oral health status and risk factors for dental caries and periodontal disease among Sudanese adults resident in Khartoum State. To date, this information was not available to health policy planners in Sudan.

Methods: A descriptive population-based survey of Sudanese adults aged ≥ 16 years was conducted.