Methylation of alpha-synuclein in a Sudanese cohort.

Background: Several studies suggested a significant role of epigenetic changes, including alterations in miRNA, histone modifications, and DNA methylation of α-synuclein (SNCA) in Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenicity. As of yet, only very few studies have been carried out in this field in Africa and none in Sudan.

Materials And Methods: We collected DNA from 172 Sudanese individuals (90 cases, 82 controls) who donated saliva for DNA extraction (mean age of onset: 40.

EBV Associated Breast Cancer Whole Methylome Analysis Reveals Viral and Developmental Enriched Pathways.

Breast cancer (BC) ranks among the most common cancers in Sudan and worldwide with hefty toll on female health and human resources. Recent studies have uncovered a common BC signature characterized by low frequency of oncogenic mutations and high frequency of epigenetic silencing of major BC tumor suppressor genes. Therefore, we conducted a pilot genome-wide methylome study to characterize aberrant DNA methylation in breast cancer.

Prospective Observational Study on acute Appendicitis Worldwide (POSAW).

Background: Acute appendicitis (AA) is the most common surgical disease, and appendectomy is the treatment of choice in the majority of cases. A correct diagnosis is key for decreasing the negative appendectomy rate. The management can become difficult in case of complicated appendicitis.

Doppler sonographic assessment of carotid arteries in Sudanese stroke patients.

Background: Hypertension, diabetes, and smoking were considered to be associated with several public health problems.

Objective: the study aims to explore the hemodynamic of carotid arteries in association with hypertension, diabetes, and smoking in Sudanese stroke patients.

Materials And Methods: In a quantitative descriptive study, fifty patients with stroke were scanned by B-mode and Doppler sonography.

Oral-health-related background factors and dental service utilisation among Sudanese children with and without a congenital heart defects.

Background: Sudanese children with congenital heart defects (CHDs) were found to have poorer oral health than those without CHDs. The aims of this study were to: describe the patterns of oral-health-related background factors in children with and without CHD and explore any differences, and to evaluate the effects of background factors on caries and gingivitis prevalence and dental services utilisation.

Methods: In this analytical cross-sectional study, caregivers of children aged 3-12 years with (CHD cases n = 111) and without CHDs (Controls n = 182), underwent face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire.

Presence of plaque, gingivitis and caries in Sudanese children with congenital heart defects.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to assess the presence of plaque, gingivitis, and caries in a group of Sudanese children with congenital heart defects CHDs (cases) and compare them to children without CHDs (controls).

Materials And Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study included cases (N = 111, with a mean age of 7.2 ± 3.

Biomechanical Analysis of a Novel Acetabulum Reconstruction Technique with Acetabulum Reconstruction Cage and Threaded Rods after Type II Pelvic Resections.

Background. Periacetabular resections with reconstruction has high rates of complications due to the complexity of the reconstruction. We have improvised a novel technique of reconstruction for type II and type II + III pelvic resections with the use of a commercially available acetabulum reconstruction cage (gap II, Stryker) and threaded rods.

Oral malignant melanoma: a rare case with unusual clinical presentation.

Primary Oral malignant melanoma is a rare tumor with an indigent prognosis. This is a case report of 47-year-old Sudanese female diagnosed as Oral malignant melanoma of the mandible with an unusual pattern of growth and clinical presentation. Furthermore, a possibility of intraosseous origin is suggested.

Myasthenic Crisis Manifesting as Postoperative Respiratory Failure following Resection of Unsuspected Intrathoracic Thymic T-Cell Lymphoma during Thyroidectomy for an Adjacent Large Retrosternal Goiter.

A middle-aged female with a goiter of 10 years' duration presented with progressive pressure symptoms, nocturnal choking and dyspnea on exertion for 5 months. Physical examination demonstrated a large simple multinodular goiter. Imaging revealed a deep retrosternal goiter extending below the tracheal bifurcation with marked tracheal deviation.

Familial tumoral calcinosis.

Introduction: Tumoral calcinosis is a rare condition characterised by progressive, ectopic, periarticular deposits of calcium. These tumour-like growths often infiltrate muscle and tendon, usually presenting as multiple masses or as a painless, solitary mass. Our case report will focus on familial tumoral calcinosis, an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder generally observed in patients within the first two decades of life.

Clinical presentation, treatment and outcome of paraphenylene-diamine induced acute kidney injury following hair dye poisoning: a cohort study.

Introduction: In Africa and Asia hair dye is applied together with henna to decorate the hands and feet. Paraphenylene-diamine (PPD), a highly toxic constituent of hair dye can lead to acute kidney injury (AKI).

Methods: A cohort study was conducted during the period from April 2012 to March 2013 in Khartoum Teaching Hospital, Sudan.

Histological pattern of primary glomerular diseases among adult Sudanese patients: A single center experience.

In Sudan, like most developing countries, the incidence and histologic patterns of primary glomerulonephritis (GN) remains undetermined. A cross-sectional hospital-based prospective study was performed to determine the pattern of primary GN among adult Sudanese patients. The study was conducted at Khartoum Teaching Hospital from September 2010 to August 2011.

Adherence of healthcare professionals to evidence-based clinical practice guidelines in the management of hemodialysis patients, Khartoum State, Sudan.

Introduction: Hemodialysis (HD) is a complex procedure with many specifications and requires adherence to a set of particular clinical practice guidelines. These guidelines had already been established by globally acclaimed renal authorities and their implementation was shown to correlate with patients' morbidity and mortality. This study was conducted to evaluate the adherence of healthcare professionals to the evidence-based clinical practice patterns in Khartoum State HD units.

Prevalence and associated risk factors of male erectile dysfunction among patients on hemodialysis and kidney transplant recipients: a cross-sectional survey from Sudan.

Male erectile dysfunction (ED) is an important issue worldwide occurring in 5-69% of men in community-based studies. It is more common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and those on peritoneal as well as hemodialysis (HD), occurring in more than 80% of patients. In Sudan, there is no previous report on ED among patients with CKD.

Red blood cell distribution width and iron deficiency anemia among pregnant Sudanese women.

Background: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a major health problem during pregnancy and it has adverse effects on the mother and the newborn. Red cell distribution width (RDW), which is a quantitative measure for red cell size variation (anisocytosis), is a predictor of IDA. Little is known regarding RDW and IDA during pregnancy.

Pattern and outcome of renal diseases in hospitalized children in Khartoum State, Sudan.

In developing countries, renal diseases in children constitute important causes of morbidity and mortality. In Sudan, data about patterns and outcome of these disorders is generally scanty. We conducted this study to provide basic renal data that may be utilized by researchers and health planners in a resource poor setting.

Non-infectious complications of peritoneal dialysis among Sudanese patients: five years experience.

Introduction: The technique of Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) is known to be associated with various infectious and non-infectious complications. The latter term includes anatomical/mechanical complications as well as hemoperitoneum, inflow pain, electrolyte disturbances, metabolic derangements and delayed gastric emptying.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated all patients who were maintained on CAPD for a minimum of 90 days in Sudan, in the period between May 2005 and Apr 2010.

Role of jejunostomy feeding catheter as a model for nutritional support.

Introduction: The advancement in oesophageal cancer care during the last two decades has resulted in a decrease in the use of feeding jejunostomy catheter to maintain adequate nutrition. We aim to examine the validity of feeding jejunostomy catheter in maintaining adequate nutrition for patients with oesophageal cancer.

Patients And Methods: A prospective longitudinal study was conducted on oesophageal cancer patients presenting to Khartoum Teaching Hospital with complete dysphagia between June 2005 and September 2007.

Tracheostomy with thyroidectomy: indications, management and outcome: a prospective study.

Objectives: This study aims to determine the indications, course and outcome of pre-operative and post-thyroidectomy tracheostomy.

Subjects And Methods: This is a prospective descriptive study conducted in Khartoum Teaching Hospital in the period between March 2000 and March 2005. Fifty-nine patients had tracheostomy out of 964 thyroidectomy patients, giving an incidence of 6%.

Presacral fibroma in a young laborer presenting with chronic lumbago.

A 24-year-old patient had a long history of low backache. After examination he was found to have a presacral mass grossly displacing the rectum anteriorly. Surgical exploration revealed a large rounded mass (20x17x10cm) occupying the presacral space and adherent to the sacral promontory.

Respiratory complications after thyroidectomy and the need for tracheostomy in patients with a large goitre.

Background: Thyroidectomy for a large goitre carries a relatively high risk of postoperative respiratory obstruction which may necessitate tracheostomy.

Methods: One hundred and three patients with a large goitre who underwent thyroidectomy were studied prospectively. The presence or absence of six preoperative predictive factors for the development of serious postoperative respiratory obstruction was recorded.

Motor neurone disease in the tropics: findings from Sudan.

In this clinical study the presentation, electromyography and nerve conduction studies were described in different types of motor neurone disease in 28 Sudanese patients seen at El Shaab and Khartoum Teaching Hospitals. The three major clinical subtypes encountered were amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (n = 19), progressive bulbar palsy (n = 7) and progressive muscular atrophy (n = 2). Family history of the disease was found in four patients and those mainly presented with bulbar symptoms.

Post-endemic acute bacterial meningitis in Sudanese children.

The study describes an 18-month surveillance of the epidemiological, clinical and microbiological features of childhood acute bacterial meningitis (ABM) seven months after the end of a major epidemic of Neisseria meningitidis (MC) in Khartoum. A total of 125 children, aged one month to 14 years, who were admitted with a provisional diagnosis of meningitis/meningoencephalitis to the Children's Emergency Hospital (CEH) in Khartoum, Sudan, were prospectively enrolled in the study. Bacterial meningitis was diagnosed by direct microscopy (DM), culture or a recently introduced ELISA assay (EIA-test) in 56 children.