Endurance training and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) inhibition combination is superior to each one alone in attenuating hyperketonemia/ketoacidosis in diabetic rats.

Objectives: While ketone bodies are not the main heart fuel, exercise may increase their uptake. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of 6-week endurance training and Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 )PDK4( inhibition on ketone bodies metabolism in the heart of diabetic rats with emphasis on the role of Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator PGC-1alpha (PGC-1α).

Materials And Methods: Sixty male Wistar rats were divided into eight groups: healthy control group (CONT), endurance training group (TRA), diabetic group (DM), DM + EX group, Dichloroacetate (DCA) group, DM + DCA group, TRA + DCA group, and DM + TRA + DCA group.

Folic acid-targeted β-lactoglobulin nanocarriers for enhanced delivery of 5-fluorouracil and sodium butyrate in colorectal cancer treatment.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant public health concern, emphasizing the need for innovative therapeutic strategies to improve patient outcomes. This study aimed to develop a highly efficient nanocarrier for targeted drug delivery, enhancing drug efficacy while minimizing concentrations and limiting adverse effects. We synthesized protein-based β-lactoglobulin (βlg) nanoparticles (NPs), loaded with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and sodium butyrate (NaB), and further functionalized with folic acid (FA) for specific targeting of folate receptor-positive CRC cells.

Enhancing salt stress tolerance in Carthamus tinctorius L. through selenium soil treatment: anatomical, biochemical, and physiological insights.

Selenium (Se) plays a crucial role in ameliorating the negative impact of abiotic stress. The present study was performed to elucidate the efficacy of soil treatment of Se in reducing salt-induced stress in Carthamus tinctorius L. In this study, three different levels of NaSeO (0, 0.

Design of an efficient magnetic brush solid acid and its catalytic use in organic reactions.

In this research, with the Green Chemistry approach, to load more sulfonic acid active sites on catalyst surfaces, a nanocomposite material based on core-shell magnetite coated with vinyl silane and a sulfonated polymeric brush-like structure is designed and synthesized as a new class of efficient solid acid catalysts, referred to as FeO@VS-APS brush solid acid. The synthesized catalyst was comprehensively characterized by a range of instrumental techniques, including XRD, SEM, TEM, FT-IR, EDX, TGA, and VSM. The activity of the catalyst was evaluated in Biginelli, Strecker, and esterification reactions.

Comparative effects of dual-task training versus combined exercise training in water and on land on patients with multiple sclerosis: a study protocol of a randomised factorial trial.

Introduction: People with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) experience cognitive and motor impairments, including cognitive training and exercise training. This study compares dual task and combined exercise training in water and on land. Water-based training may enhance cognitive and motor function more effectively than land-based training, presenting a promising intervention for PwMS.

Pollen Diversity in the Tribe Cardueae (Asteraceae) and Its Taxonomic Significance.

The Cardueae with about 74 genera and 2500 species is one of the largest tribes of the family Asteraceae. The taxonomy of the Cardueae is complicated and unresolved, as it contains the largest and most diverse genera. The main distribution centers of the Cardueae are in the eastern and western Mediterranean, the western Irano-Turanian region, central Asia, and North Africa.

Bike-Riding Training may Improve Communication Skills and Stereotyped Behavior in Adolescents With Autism.

This research aimed to establish whether 12 weeks of bicycle-riding skills exercises with massed and distributed practice frequency at low and high intensity affect communication performance and stereotyped behavior among adolescent boys with autism. Fifty autistic boys aged 13.3 ± 1.

Effects of inner child healing course on fear of COVID-19 and emotional family relationships improvement during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic's psychological impact prompted this study to investigate the inner child healing course's effectiveness in reducing fear of COVID-19 and improving emotional family relationships. This quasi-experimental research adopted a pretest-posttest design with a control group. Convenience sampling was employed to select 42 women randomly from five psychotherapy centers in Isfahan (Iran) in 2020.

Corrigendum to ''The predictors of social capital in agricultural consultation, technical, and engineering service companies" [Heliyon, Volume , Issue 1, 15 January 2024, e23853].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.

Genetic Variation in MiRNA Processing Machinery Genes and Susceptibility to Colorectal Cancer in the Iranian Population.

Background: We aimed to elucidate the potential correlation between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in miRNA machinery genes and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in an Iranian cohort.

Methods: We conducted a robust case-control study involving 507 participants, which included 213 patients diagnosed with CRC and 294 healthy controls at Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases in Tehran Province, Iran in 2018. The study focused on genotyping four specific SNPs, (rs14035), (rs197412), (rs2740348), and (rs3742330), using advanced ARMS-PCR and Tetra-primer ARMS-PCR techniques.

The functional role of LncRNA HOXA-AS2 in multiple human cancers.

Humans have more than 270,000 lncRNAs. Among these, lncRNA HOXA-AS2 is considered a transformative gene involved in various cellular processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. Thus, it can be regarded as a potential tumor marker for both diagnosis and prognosis.

Environmental impact assessment of southern tehran wastewater treatment plant using life cycle assessment (LCA).

The population has increased in recent decades, and as a result, the increase in urban wastewater has led to many environmental problems. In this study, the environmental impacts of the Southern Tehran treatment plant were assessed via life cycle assessment (LCA) (SimaPro 9.4.

Engendered nanoparticles for treatment of brain tumors.

Brain metastasis and primary glioblastoma multiforme represent the most common and lethal malignant brain tumors. Its median survival time is typically less than a year after diagnosis. One of the major challenges in treating these cancers is the efficiency of the transport of drugs to the central nervous system.

Nanocarriers in glioblastoma treatment: a neuroimmunological perspective.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most fatal brain tumor with a poor prognosis with current treatments, mainly because of intrinsic resistance processes. GBM is also referred to as grade 4 astrocytoma, that makes up about 15.4 % of brain cancers globally as well as 60-75 % of astrocytoma.

Exosome-Based Advances in Pancreatic Cancer: The Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Pancreatic cancer, especially pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), is one of the most challenging clinical conditions due to its late-stage diagnosis and poor survival rates. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), used for targeted therapies, are being explored as a promising treatment because of their tumor-homing properties and potential contributions to the pancreatic cancer microenvironment. Understanding these interactions is crucial for developing effective treatments.

Sulfonated asphaltene as a highly efficient catalyst for the Mannich reaction with excellent diastereoselectivity and recyclability.

This study investigates the repurposing of asphaltene, a petroleum waste product, as a catalyst for organic reactions. Sulfonated asphaltene was synthesized and evaluated for its efficacy in catalyzing the Mannich reaction, displaying notable diastereoselectivity and operating effectively under mild conditions. Characterization of the catalyst's chemical composition, structure, and thermal stability was conducted using FT-IR, TGA, XRD, CHN, BET-BJH, SEM, and EDS analyses.

Suppressing Effect of Flavonoid Compounds on Lipids Photooxidation of Sheep Red Blood Cells and Oleic Acid Photooxidation.

Photosensitizers and pigments in raw meat such as porphyrins, riboflavin, and myoglobin after incorporation with light beam prompt the generation of singlet oxygen (O) from triplet oxygen (O) and cause oxidative rancidity of meat products. In this study, the results of photooxidation reactions of sheep erythrocyte (red blood cell) model as a model rich in hemoglobin and phospholipids bilayer, and oleic acid model were obtained by H NMR spectroscopy, TBARS assay, and iodometric titration. In both models, the rate of lipid photooxidation in the presence of hydroalcoholic extracts of Turmeric ( L.

Hip and knee muscles co-activation ratio during hip-focused exercises: a multichannel surface electromyography study.

This study aimed to evaluate the muscle activation ratio of hip and knee during hip-focused exercises. Eleven active university students performed 13 hip-focused exercises frequently used in the treatment of knee disorders. The average sEMG amplitude of tensor fasciae latae (TFL), gluteus medius (GMed), gluteus maximus (GMax), adductor longus (AL), vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), and GMed/AL, GMax/AL, and VL/VM ratios were determined.

Derivative Technologies of Expansion Microscopy and Applications in Biomedicine.

Expansion microscopy (ExM) is an innovative super-resolution imaging technique that utilizes physical expansion to magnify biological samples, facilitating the visualization of cellular structures that are challenging to observe using traditional optical microscopes. The fundamental principle of ExM revolves around employing a specialized hydrogel to uniformly expand biological samples, thereby achieving super-resolution imaging under conventional optical imaging conditions. This technology finds application not only in various biological samples such as cells and tissue sections, but also enables super-resolution imaging of large biological molecules including proteins, nucleic acids, and metabolite molecules.

Inducing Neural Fate: The Impact of Phenylacetate and Calcium on Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Differentiation.

Introduction: Human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) are considered a promising source for cell replacement therapy in degenerative and traumatic conditions. This study explores the effects of phenylacetate and calcium on the neural differentiation of hADSCs for regenerative medicine. We assessed cell viability and cytotoxicity using the MTT assay, revealing that treatment with 1μM phenylacetate significantly enhanced cell viability compared to control groups over five days, while higher concentrations resulted in cytotoxic effects.

Bioinspired synthetic peptide-based biomaterials regenerate bone through biomimicking of extracellular matrix.

There have been remarkable advancements in regenerative medicine for bone regeneration, tackling the worldwide health concern of tissue loss. Tissue engineering uses the body's natural capabilities and applies biomaterials and bioactive molecules to replace damaged or lost tissues and restore their functionality. While synthetic ceramics have overcome some challenges associated with allografts and xenografts, they still need essential growth factors and biomolecules.

Shedding new light on quadrupolar 1,4-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-]pyrroles: impact of electron-deficient scaffolds over emission.

In this work, we disclose a series of seven quadrupolar centrosymmetric 1,4-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-]pyrroles (DHPPs) linked to the two peripheral, strongly electron-accepting heterocycles such as benzoxadiazole, benzothiadiazole and benzoselenadiazole. This represents the first study probing the influence of electron-deficient heterocycles, rather that small electron-withdrawing substituents, on photophysics of DHPPs. These new acceptor-donor-acceptor hybrid dyes exhibit an appreciable combination of photophysical properties including absorption maxima in the range of 470-620 nm, and emission in the range of 500-720 nm with fluorescence quantum yields reaching 0.

Effect of Implicit Learning Methods With the External Focus of Attention on Bowling Skills in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized Control Trial Study.

Purpose: The aim of the current study was to compare implicit learning methods with an emphasis on the external focus of attention on bowling skill in autistic children.

Method: Twenty children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) were selected. After the participants were randomly divided into two groups, the pretest was performed, evaluating the participants both quantitatively (score of bowling pins falling) and qualitatively (TGMD3 subscale test of underhand ball throwing).