COVID-19 trauma-related stress in young people: do sensory-processing sensitivity, resilience, and life satisfaction play a role?

Although COVID-19 was experienced as a traumatic event with long-lasting effects, there is limited data on its traumatic impact in relation to factors that can promote or threaten young people's mental wellbeing. This study investigated the association between sensory-processing sensitivity (SPS), resilience, and life satisfaction with COVID-19 trauma-related stress and whether resilience mediates the relationship between SPS and COVID-19 traumatic stress in a young sample. A total of 441 individuals aged between 16 and 25 years ( = 19.

Corrigendum to "An early economic evaluation of Kooth, a web-based mental health platform for children and young people with emerging mental health needs" [Internet Interv. 36 (2024) 100748 10.1016/j.invent.2024.100748 (Published online 2024 May 11)].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.

Psychological aspects of vestibular disorders: a national survey of clinical practice.

Objective: This study examines how psychological aspects of vestibular disorders are currently addressed highlighting any national variation.

Method: An online survey was completed by 101 UK healthcare professionals treating vestibular disorders. The survey covered service configurations, attitudes towards psychological aspects and current clinical practice.

Experiences of Living With the Nonmotor Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease: A Photovoice Study.

Background: Nonmotor symptoms (NMSs) are frequently experienced by people with Parkinson's disease (PD) and are often perceived as their most bothersome symptoms. However, these remain poorly understood with suboptimal clinical management. These unmet needs are an important determinant of health-related quality of life (QoL) in PD.

An early economic evaluation of Kooth, a web-based mental health platform for children and young people with emerging mental health needs.

Background: "Kooth" is a web-based mental health platform commissioned by the National Health Service (NHS), local authorities, charities, and businesses in the UK. The platform gives children and young people (CYP) access to an online community of peers and a team of counsellors. This study reports an early economic evaluation of the potential benefits of Kooth in the UK.

Indistinguishable behavioural and neural correlates of perceptual self-other distinction in autistic and neurotypical adults.

Previous research has suggested that self-bias (i.e., enhanced cognitive processing of self-versus other-relevant information) may be atypical in autism spectrum conditions (ASC), perhaps due to difficulties with self-other distinction.

A systematic review of vestibular stimulation in post-stroke visual neglect.

Unilateral visual neglect is a condition that negatively impacts the lives of many stroke survivors. Studies have investigated different forms of vestibular stimulation as a potential therapy, but evidence is yet to be systematically reviewed. We therefore reviewed the effects of vestibular stimulation on outcomes of neglect and activities of daily living (ADL) for people with visual neglect.

Cognition in vestibular disorders: state of the field, challenges, and priorities for the future.

Vestibular disorders are prevalent and debilitating conditions of the inner ear and brain which affect balance, coordination, and the integration of multisensory inputs. A growing body of research has linked vestibular disorders to cognitive problems, most notably attention, visuospatial perception, spatial memory, and executive function. However, the mechanistic bases of these cognitive sequelae remain poorly defined, and there is a gap between our theoretical understanding of vestibular cognitive dysfunction, and how best to identify and manage this within clinical practice.

Revisiting the ownership effect in adults with and without autism.

Self-owned items are better remembered than other-owned items; this ownership effect reflects privileged processing of self-related information. The size of this ownership effect has been shown to decrease in neurotypical adults as the number of autistic traits increases, and is reduced in autistic adults. However, emerging evidence has questioned the reliability of these findings.

Impact and experiences of vestibular disorders and psychological distress: Qualitative findings from patients, family members and healthcare professionals.

Introduction: People with vestibular disorders frequently experience reduced quality of life and challenges with activities of daily living. Anxiety, depression and cognitive problems often co-present with vestibular disorders and can aggravate symptoms and prolong clinical recovery. We aimed to gain in-depth insights into the impact of vestibular disorders and the contribution of psychological factors by exploring multistakeholder perspectives.

Reputation risk during dishonest social decision-making modulates anterior insular and cingulate cortex activity and connectivity.

To explore the neural underpinnings of (dis)honest decision making under quasi-ecological conditions, we used an fMRI adapted version of a card game in which deceptive or truthful decisions are made to an opponent, with or without the risk of getting caught by them. Dishonest decisions were associated to increased activity in a cortico-subcortical circuit including the bilateral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), anterior insula (AI), left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, supplementary motor area, and right caudate. Crucially, deceptive immoral decisions under reputation risk enhanced activity of - and functional connectivity between - the bilateral ACC and left AI, suggesting the need for heightened emotional processing and cognitive control when making immoral decisions under reputation risk.

Perspective-taking and social inferences in adolescents, young adults, and older adults.

Taking another person's perspective provides a means to infer their beliefs and intentions (known as Theory of Mind), which is an essential part of social interaction. In this article, we examined how different subcomponents of perspective-taking change beyond childhood in a large sample ( = 263) of adolescents, young adults, and older adults, and tested the degree to which age-related changes in perspective-taking are mediated by executive functions. Participants completed three tasks that assessed: (a) the likelihood of making social inferences, (b) judgments about an avatar's visual and spatial perspective, and (c) their ability to use an avatar's visual perspective to assign reference in language.

Social-functional characteristics of Chinese terms translated as "shame" or "guilt": a cross-referencing approach.

Previous research has found a rich lexicon of shame and guilt terms in Chinese, but how comparable these terms are to "shame" or "guilt" in English remains a question. We identified eight commonly used Chinese terms translated as "shame" and "guilt". Study 1 assessed the Chinese terms' intensities, social characteristics, and action tendencies among 40 Chinese speakers.

Cognitive mechanisms of perspective-taking across adulthood: An eye-tracking study using the director task.

Perspective-taking plays an important role in daily life, allowing consideration of other people's perspectives and viewpoints. This study used a large sample of 265 community-based participants (aged 20-86 years) to examine changes in perspective-taking abilities-a component of "Theory of Mind"-across adulthood, and how these changes may relate to individual differences in executive functions at different ages. Participants completed a referential-communication task (the "Director" task) while behavioral responses and eye movements were recorded, along with four measures of executive functions (inhibitory control, working memory, cognitive flexibility, and planning).

EEG evidence that morally relevant autobiographical memories can be suppressed.

Remembering unpleasant events can trigger negative feelings. Fortunately, research indicates that unwanted retrieval can be suppressed to prevent memories from intruding into awareness, improving our mental state. The current scientific understanding of retrieval suppression, however, is based mostly on simpler memories, such as associations between words or pictures, which may not reflect how people control unpleasant memory intrusions in everyday life.

Implicit and Explicit Gender-Related Cognition, Gender Dysphoria, Autistic-Like Traits, and Mentalizing: Differences Between Autistic and Non-Autistic Cisgender and Transgender Adults.

Evidence indicates a link between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and gender diversity, yet this intersection remains insufficiently understood. Here, we investigated whether (1) ASD affects gender-related cognition (i.e.

Neuropsychological evaluation and rehabilitation in multiple sclerosis (NEuRoMS): protocol for a mixed-methods, multicentre feasibility randomised controlled trial.

Background: Cognitive problems affect up to 70% of people with multiple sclerosis (MS), which can negatively impact mood, ability to work, and quality of life. Addressing cognitive problems is a top 10 research priority for people with MS. Our ongoing research has systematically developed a cognitive screening and management pathway (NEuRoMS) tailored for people with MS, involving a brief cognitive evaluation and rehabilitation intervention.

Autism Spectrum Disorder and Gender Dysphoria/Incongruence. A systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis.

The suggested overlap between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and gender dysphoria/incongruence (GD/GI) has been much disputed. This review showed a relationship between ASD traits and GD feelings in the general population and a high prevalence of GD/GI in ASD. Our meta-analyses revealed that the pooled estimate of the prevalence of ASD diagnoses in GD/GI people was 11% (p < .

Model-free metacognition.

Extensive work has been done on the metacognitive capacities of humans, as well as to investigate metacognitive processes in nonhuman animals. What we propose here, however, is that there are two very different forms that metacognition can take: either model-based (implicating at least a simplified model of the thinker's own mind), or model-free (representing some mental state or process in oneself in the absence of any such model). The focus of all work on human metacognitive judgments has been on the model-based variety, as have been most attempts to discover metacognition in animals.

Diagnosis of early mild cognitive impairment using a multiobjective optimization algorithm based on T1-MRI data.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia. The accurate diagnosis of AD, especially in the early phases is very important for timely intervention. It has been suggested that brain atrophy, as measured with structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI), can be an efficacy marker of neurodegeneration.

A multi-country test of brief reappraisal interventions on emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased negative emotions and decreased positive emotions globally. Left unchecked, these emotional changes might have a wide array of adverse impacts. To reduce negative emotions and increase positive emotions, we tested the effectiveness of reappraisal, an emotion-regulation strategy that modifies how one thinks about a situation.

Being future-conscious during a global crisis: The protective effect of heightened Futures Consciousness in the COVID-19 pandemic.

Futures Consciousness (FC) refers to the capacity that a person has for understanding, anticipating, and preparing for the future. In many respects, the COVID-19 pandemic has been a challenge for future thinking, implying delay discounting, uncertainty, low sense of control, and self-sacrifice for the benefit of the community at large. FC might hence have an important role in explaining people's perceptions of and reactions to the pandemic.