Small Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen Promotes Hepatic Gluconeogenesis via Enhancing Glucagon/cAMP/Protein Kinase A/CREB Signaling.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major risk factor for serious liver diseases. The liver plays a unique role in controlling carbohydrate metabolism to maintain the glucose level within the normal range. Chronic HBV infection has been reported to associate with a high prevalence of diabetes.