[Distribution characteristics and heritability of alcohol consumption behavior in adult twins in China].

To describe the distribution characteristics of alcohol consumption in adult twins in the Chinese National Twin Registry (CNTR), and further explore the influence of genetic factors on alcohol consumption in adult twins. The subjects of the study were twins registered by CNTR in 11 project areas across China from 2010 to 2018. A total of 56 966 twins (28 483 pairs) aged 18 years and above who answered questions about drinking behavior were included, and the random effect model was used to describe the population and regional distribution characteristics of alcohol consumption.

[Adiposity-related anthropometric parameters, indoles and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in Chinese adults: a prospective cohort study].

To investigate the relationship of several adiposity-related anthropometric parameters, including BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), body fat percentage (BFP) and indoles in plasma with the incidence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in adults in China. In China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) study, blood samples were collected from 2 183 participants in the first resurvey in 2008 to detect indoles. Participants' body weight, body height, WC, hip circumference, and BFP were measured at baseline survey in 2004 and resurvey in 2008, the BMI and WHR were calculated with standardized methods.

Genetically mimicked effects of evinacumab on psoriasis: a drug target Mendelian randomization study.

Background And Objectives: Dyslipidemia has been reported to contribute to the psoriasis pathogenesis. Thus, evinacumab, a novel lipid-lowering drug targeting angiopoietin-like 3, may have therapeutic potential to treat and/or manage psoriasis.

Methods And Study Design: Summary statistics were obtained from genome-wide association studies addressing psoriasis (FinnGen Consortium; n=216,752) and serum lipid concentrations (United Kingdom Biobank; n=403,943-440,546).

Automated insulin delivery in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: The outcomes of automated insulin delivery (AID) systems in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have not been systematically evaluated. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of AID in pregnancy.

Material And Methods: Literature searches were conducted until July 5, 2024, on Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.

Global infectious disease early warning models: An updated review and lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic.

An early warning model for infectious diseases is a crucial tool for timely monitoring, prevention, and control of disease outbreaks. The integration of diverse multi-source data using big data and artificial intelligence techniques has emerged as a key approach in advancing these early warning models. This paper presents a comprehensive review of widely utilized early warning models for infectious diseases around the globe.

Effects of population aging on quality of life and disease burden: a population-based study.

Background: As population aging intensifies, it becomes increasingly important to elucidate the casual relationship between aging and changes in population health. Therefore, our study proposed to develop a systematic attribution framework to comprehensively evaluate the health impacts of population aging.

Methods: We used health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE) to measure quality of life and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) to quantify the burden of disease for the population of Guangzhou.

Assessment of the Public Health Laboratory Capacity - Sierra Leone, 2021.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Public health laboratories (PHLs) are critical for effectively identifying, detecting, preventing, and responding to emerging and reemerging infectious diseases. Following the 2014 Ebola outbreak, Sierra Leone implemented a national laboratory strategic plan (2015-2020) aimed at creating, strengthening, and maintaining laboratory capacities for detecting, assessing, notifying, and reporting incidents, with a requirement to review PHL capabilities every five years.

What Is Added By This Report?: This study assessed the comprehensive capacity and personnel status of PHLs in Sierra Leone using a standardized assessment tool following the implementation of the 2015 National Laboratory Strategic Plan.

Cardiovascular disease and its risk factors among people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

This meta-analysis aimed to quantify the latest cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence rate and assess the impact of risk factors among people living with HIV (PLWH). We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library for studies published up to September 14, 2023. To evaluate effect sizes, we employed multilevel (three-level) random-effects meta-analyses.

Digital Exclusion and Depressive Symptoms among Older People: Findings from Five Aging Cohort Studies across 24 Countries.

Digital exclusion is a global issue that disproportionately affects older individuals especially in low- and middle-income nations. However, there is a wide gap in current research regarding the impact of digital exclusion on the mental health of older adults in both high-income and low- and middle-income countries. We analyzed data from 5 longitudinal cohorts: the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA), the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), and the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS).

Effects of sleep quality on the risk of various long COVID symptoms among older adults following infection: an observational study.

Background: The long-term sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its recovery have becoming significant public health concerns. Therefore, this study aimed to enhance the limited evidence regarding the relationship between sleep quality on long COVID among the older population aged 60 years or old.

Methods: Our study included 4,781 COVID-19 patients enrolled from April to May 2023, based on the Peking University Health Cohort.

Effectiveness of a Multifaceted Intervention (TEMP) for Prevention of Occupational Heat-Related Illness among Outdoor Workers in the Power Grid Industry: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Occupational heat-related illness (OHI) is a health threat to workers that can be fatal in severe cases. Effective and feasible measures are urgently needed to prevent OHI.

Objectives: We evaluated the effectiveness of a multifaceted intervention, TEMP, in reducing the OHI risk among outdoor workers in the power grid industry.

Epidemiology of pulmonary embolism in China, 2021: a nationwide hospital-based study.

Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) as a preventable and potentially fatal noncommunicable disease was believed to have a lower incidence in Asian populations compared to Western populations. However, the incidence and mortality rates of PE in China and the impact of venous thromboembolism (VTE) prevention system constructions on PE still lack nationwide evidence.

Methods: For this nationwide hospital-based observational study, we used data from the National Hospital Quality Monitoring System (HQMS) and public database in China.

Adiposity and risks of gastrointestinal cancers: A 10-year prospective study of 0.5 million Chinese adults.

Associations of adiposity with risks of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and non-cardia stomach cancer, both prevalent in China, are still inconclusive. While adiposity is an established risk factor for colorectal cancer, the relevance of fat-free mass and early-adulthood adiposity remains to be explored. The prospective China Kadoorie Biobank study included 0.

Comparison of models to predict incident chronic liver disease: a systematic review and external validation in Chinese adults.

Background: Risk prediction models can identify individuals at high risk of chronic liver disease (CLD), but there is limited evidence on the performance of various models in diverse populations. We aimed to systematically review CLD prediction models, meta-analyze their performance, and externally validate them in 0.5 million Chinese adults in the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB).

Identification of shared genetic etiology of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases through common cardiometabolic risk factors.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and cerebrovascular diseases (CeVDs) are closely related vascular diseases, sharing common cardiometabolic risk factors (RFs). Although pleiotropic genetic variants of these two diseases have been reported, their underlying pathological mechanisms are still unclear. Leveraging GWAS summary data and using genetic correlation, pleiotropic variants identification, and colocalization analyses, we identified 11 colocalized loci for CVDs-CeVDs-BP (blood pressure), CVDs-CeVDs-LIP (lipid traits), and CVDs-CeVDs-cIMT (carotid intima-media thickness) triplets.

Night shift work and prostate cancer: a large cohort study from UK Biobank and Mendelian randomisation study.

Objective: The global concern regarding the health implications of night shift work has escalated. Nevertheless, variations exist in the observed association between night shift work and prostate cancer (PCa). This study aims to systematically explore the association between night shift work and the risk of PCa.

Monitoring the safety of the adjuvanted human papillomavirus vaccine, HPV-16/18-AS04: Protocol for a cohort study using electronic health records in Yinzhou, China.

This protocol was developed to conduct population-wide surveillance of the bivalent HPV-16/18-AS04-adjuvanted human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in terms of uptake and safety outcomes including potential immune-mediated diseases (pIMDs) and pregnancy-related outcomes in China. The study will use electronic health records from 2010 to 2020 from the Yinzhou Regional Health Information Platform and include a population-based cohort of female permanent residents aged 9-45 years. Baseline and follow-up periods will be defined according to the 2017 introduction of HPV-16/18-AS04 in China.

The Burden of Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Young Adults in China: A Secondary Analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Early-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) is an increasingly serious public health issue, particularly in China. This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of disease burden, secular trend, and attributable risk factors of early-onset T2D in China. Using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021, we analyzed the age-standardized rate (ASR) of incidence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and mortality rates of T2D among individuals aged 15 to 39 years in China from 1990 to 2021.

Effect of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist Pre-Treatment on Outcomes of Fresh and Frozen Embryo Transfers in Women With Adenomyosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study With Literature Review.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) pre-treatment on the clinical outcomes of fresh and frozen embryo transfers (ETs and FETs, respectively) in infertile patients with adenomyosis.

Design: Retrospective cohort study with literature review.

Setting: Peking University First Hospital.

[Recent advances in organ-system-specific biological age].

Biological age (BA) is a marker to accurately assess aging, facilitating the prediction of age-related diseases and promoting healthy aging. In recent years, first- and second-generation organ-system-specific BA has been developed using chronological age (CA) or aging-related outcomes (mortality) as training phenotypes and data from questionnaires, physical examinations, clinical biochemistry, imaging, and multi-omics to investigate the specificity of organ systems aging. Here, we review the methodologies for constructing BA, current efforts to assess organ system-specific BA, and related genome-wide association studies (GWAS).

[Association between short-term ambient air pollution exposure and arterial stiffness and effect modification of obesity].

To assess the association between short-term ambient air pollution exposure and arterial stiffness and whether obesity modifies these associations. A cross-sectional study was conducted based on Fangshan family cohort in Beijing. The 24 hours average air pollutant levels on the day cohort participants took baseline survey were calculated as short-term air pollution.

Phenotypic vs. Genetic Mismatch of BMI and Type 2 Diabetes: Evidence from Two Perspective Cohort Studies.

Little is known about the population-based mismatch between phenotypic and genetic BMI (BMI-PGM) and its association with type 2 diabetes. We therefore used data from the China Kadoorie Biobank and UK Biobank and calculated BMI-PGM for each participant as the difference between the percentile for adjusted BMI at baseline and the percentile for adjusted polygenic risk score for BMI. Participants were categorized into discordantly low (BMI-PGM< the 1st quartile), concordant (the 1st quartile ≤BMI-PGM View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Assessing the uptake of infertility core outcome set in IVF randomized controlled trials.

Study Question: Do the infertility core outcome set and standardized definitions affect the outcome selection for randomized controlled trials, and what aspects should be further improved in the future?

Summary Answer: Intrauterine pregnancy demonstrated the highest uptake level, whereas others were low, especially in neonatal outcomes; as time progresses, the target sample size increases, and with prospective registration, the consistency between outcomes reported in registrations and infertility core outcome set improves significantly.

What Is Known Already: The infertility core outcome set, published on 30 November 2020, aims to standardize outcome reporting and prevent selective reporting bias; however, there is a paucity of research evaluating its actual adoption, which is crucial for the timely promotion of transparency, standardization, adjustment of development strategies, and efficient resource utilization.

Study Design, Size, Duration: This cross-sectional study included 1673 eligible randomized controlled trial registrations for infertility in 18 registries from March 2004 to July 2024 based on registry entries.