Bioactive compound encapsulation: Characteristics, applications in food systems, and implications for human health.

Nanotechnology plays a pivotal role in food science, particularly in the nanoencapsulation of bioactive compounds, to enhance their stability, bioavailability, and therapeutic potential. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the encapsulation of bioactive compounds, emphasizing the characteristics, food applications, and implications for human health. This work offers a detailed comparison of polymers such as sodium alginate, gum Arabic, chitosan, cellulose, pectin, shellac, and xanthan gum, while also examining both conventional and emerging encapsulation techniques, including freeze-drying, spray-drying, extrusion, coacervation, and supercritical anti-solvent drying.

Collaborative Outcomes Study on Health and Functioning During Infection Times (COH-FIT): Global and Risk-Group Stratified Course of Well-Being and Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Adolescents.

Objective: To identify the COVID-19 pandemic impact on well-being/mental health, coping strategies, and risk factors in adolescents worldwide.

Method: This study was based on an anonymous online multi-national/multi-language survey in the general population (representative/weighted non-representative samples, 14-17 years of age), measuring change in well-being (World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index [WHO-5]/range = 0-100) and psychopathology (validated composite P-score/range = 0-100), WHO-5 <50 and <29, pre- vs during COVID-19 pandemic (April 26, 2020-June 26, 2022). Coping strategies and 9 a priori- defined individual/cumulative risk factors were measured.

Resistance training improves functional capacities in women with multiple sclerosis: a randomized control trial.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of resistance exercise training (RT) on oxidative status, muscle strength, functional capacity, quality of life (QoL), and fatigue in women with Multiple Sclerosis (MS).

Methods: In this randomized control trial (ethical code: SSRI.REC-1402-101; IRCT registration code: IRCT20120912010824N3, 07.

Study of the Relationship Between Death Anxiety and Quality of Life in Patients With Heart Failure.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between death anxiety and QoL in a sample of Iranian heart failure (HF) patients. A cross-sectional correlational design was employed to examine this relationship in a sample of 296 HF patients. Participants were recruited using convenience sampling from teaching hospitals in Kermanshah City, western Iran, between October and December 2023.

Weight-adjusted waist index and cardiovascular disease: a population-based study in Ravansar, Iran.

Background: The weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI) is a relatively new index to obesity. This study aimed to explore the reationship between WWI and cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 8,899 participants aged 35 to 65 from the Ravansar non-communicable diseases (RaNCD) cohort study in Ravansar, Iran.

Associations Between Both Adaptive and Maladaptive Personality Constructs and Emotional Load and Content of Adult Dreams.

Background: It seems that personality and dreams are relatively stable interwoven constructs that show many shared characteristics across cultures. The present study aimed to predict the emotional load and content of dreams using both original constructs and two extracted spectrum factors of adaptive and maladaptive personalities.

Methods: The cross-sectional study data was collected from 704 Iranian adults using the brief version of the Personality Inventory for , the brief version of the Big Five Inventory, , and the .

Role of social innovations in health in the prevention and control of infectious diseases: a scoping review.

Background: The implementation of social innovations for addressing societal challenges, particularly in health, leverages community participation and technology to optimally meet social needs compared to traditional approaches. A key feature of these innovations is their ability to utilize existing capacities for contributing to resolving infectious disease outbreaks, which has attracted significant attention from health organizations. Given the potential of these innovations, this study has investigated social innovations in the prevention and control of infectious diseases as one of the major global challenges in the form of a comprehensive literature review.

The Global Prevalence of Noise Induced Hearing Impairment Among Industrial Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Noise is one of the harmful health factors in industrial sites. Hearing impairments are one of the most common occupational diseases in a wide range of industries. The aim of this study is to determine the general prevalence of noise-induced hearing disorders among industrial workers and to homogenize the results of different studies in this field.

Predictive accuracy of machine learning models for conservative treatment failure in thoracolumbar burst fractures.

Background: The management of patients with thoracolumbar burst fractures remains a topic of debate, with conservative treatment being successful in most cases but not all. This study aimed to assess the utility of machine learning models (MLMs) in predicting the need for surgery in patients with these fractures who do not respond to conservative management.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 357 patients with traumatic thoracolumbar burst fractures treated conservatively between January 2017 and October 2023 was conducted.

A multilevel analysis of factors associated with wasting in children one to two years old in Hamadan city.

The study aimed to identify risk factors for childhood wasting in 1-2 year-olds in Hamadan city, focusing on this age group due to infection and malnutrition risks. Unlike previous cross-sectional studies on children under 5 years old, this longitudinal study tracked weight-to-height changes over time. Data were analyzed from 455 mother-child pairs, aged 1-2 years, collected from health centers and recorded in the Integrated Electronic Health System (SIB).

The effect of synbiotic supplementation on plasma levels of advanced glycation end products and cardiovascular risk factors in hemodialysis patients: A double-blind clinical trial.

There is increasing evidence supporting the relationship between imbalance of gut microbiota and development of chronic kidney and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effect of synbiotic supplementation on plasma levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and cardiovascular risk factors in hemodialysis (HD) patients. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 36 HD patients were randomly allocated into two groups to receive two synbiotic supplements ( = 19) or placebo ( = 17) daily for 12 weeks.

Nursing care experiences of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA): A phenomenological study from the West of Iran.

Introduction: Nursing care for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) can be challenging and is dependent on the context. However, there is a lack of information about nurses' experiences in caring for PLWHA in the western region of Iran. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the experiences of nurses in caring for PLWHA in Kermanshah, Iran.

CCN5/WISP2 serum levels in patients with coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes and its correlation with inflammation and insulin resistance; a machine learning approach.

Introduction: Studies have shown various effects of CCN5/WISP2 on metabolic pathways, yet no prior investigation has established a link between its serum levels and CAD and/or T2DM. Therefore, this study seeks to explore the relation between CCN5 and the risk factor of CAD and/or diabetes, in comparison to individuals with good health, marking a pioneering endeavor in this field.

Methods: This case-control study investigates serum levels of CCN5, TNF-α, IL-6, adiponectin, and fasting insulin in a population of 160 individuals recruited into four equal groups (T2DM, CAD, CAD-T2DM, and healthy controls).

Plasma Glycated CD59 and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review.

Aims: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication of pregnancy worldwide. The standard method for screening GDM is the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). However, the OGTT is difficult, time-consuming and requires fasting, making it an inconvenient test for GDM.

A Meta-Analysis of Association Between Interleukin Polymorphisms (rs4073, rs1800925, rs1179251, rs1179246, rs2227485, rs17855750, and rs153109) and Colorectal Cancer Risk.

Interleukins (ILs) play a significant role in triggering the inflammatory response in blood vessels and immune cells. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to investigate the relationship between IL-8 (rs4073), IL-13 (rs1800925), IL-22 (rs1179251, rs1179246, and rs2227485), and IL-27 (rs17855750 and rs153109) polymorphisms and the risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). Four databases were searched up until October 13, 2023, without any restrictions, to find relevant studies.

Evaluation of Reporting Quality of Systematic Reviews on Health Economic Evaluation Studies Based on the CHEERS Statement: An Overview of Reviews.

Background: Economic evaluations in healthcare are designed to inform decisions by the estimation of cost and effect trade-off of two or more interventions. We aimed to evaluate the standards of systematic reviews on health economic evaluation studies using the CHEERS (Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Report Standards) tool.

Methods: We searched the PubMed database with keywords CHEERS and its complete form in combination with keywords related to cost or economic evaluation without language and time limits until November 17, 2021.

Education based on the theory of planned behavior to improve medication regimen adherence, hope and marital quality in patients with substance use disorder.

Background: Regarding the psychosocial aspect of treating those with substance use, it is crucial for them to exhibit a capacity for personal transformation, fully utilize their remaining capabilities, and eradicate societal discrimination. We aimed to assess the efficacy of educational instruction grounded in the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in enhancing adherence to medication regimens, fostering hope, and improving marital quality among people with substance use disorders.

Methods: This study was conducted at the Rapid Addiction Closure Center in Fasa city, Iran, involving a sample of 140 patients undergoing addiction treatment with methadone and buprenorphine in 2021-2022.

Harmine promotes odontoblastic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells.

Introduction: Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have the potential to differentiate into various types of tissues including tooth, adipose, cartilage, muscle, nerve, and also possess regenerative properties. Harmine, a beta-carboline alkaloid, has been shown to have antitumor activities and promote bone formation through the differentiation of osteoblasts. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of harmine on the differentiation of DPSCs into odontoblast cells.

Stomach, Esophageal, and Lung Cancer Mortality Risk and Their Shared Risk Factors in Iran: A County-Level Spatial Analysis.

Background: Disease mapping has a long history in epidemiology. Evaluating the spatial pattern of several diseases, as well as shared and specific risk factors in mortality, is considered one of the applications of disease mapping. Stomach, esophageal, and lung cancers are among the five most common cancers among both genders in Iran.

Gut microbiota and graft-versus-host disease in hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients.

Background And Objectives: Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) frequently complicates hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Emerging evidence suggests a correlation between gut microbiota and GvHD risk. This study aims to elucidate the microbiota profiles in HSCT patients before and after transplantation and their association with GvHD.

The role of viral infection in implantation failure: direct and indirect effects.

Implantation is the key initial complex stage of pregnancy. Several factors are involved in implantation, but acute and controlled inflammation has been shown to play as a key role. On the other hand, the role of viral infections in directly infecting blastocyst and trophoblast and inducing chronic and uncontrolled inflammation and disrupting microRNAs expression can make this review strongly attractive and practical.

The Effect of Synbiotic Supplementation on Bone Complications, Anemia, and Gastrointestinal Function in Hemodialysis Patients: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial.

Unlabelled: Probiotics affect biomarkers indicative of bone formation, such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), calcium status, bone mineralization, bone turnover markers and metabolism. This study aims to investigate the effects of synbiotic on gastrointestinal (GI) disorder, bone complications and anemia in hemodialysis (HD) patients. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial study, HD patients received 2 symbiotic (n = 19) or placebo (n = 17) capsules daily for 12 weeks.

Effect of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on muscle mass, fat mass, and visceral fat of hemodialysis patients; A randomized clinical trial.

Objectives: Several studies demonstrated the benefits of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation in body composition, specifically on the lean body mass and fat mass in hemodialysis patients.

Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, a total of 120 end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients were randomly allocated into two groups.