Associated-risk determinants for anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis treated with meglumine antimoniate: A cohort study in Iran.

Background: The control of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is facilitated by knowledge of factors associated with the treatment failures in endemic countries. The aim of this evaluation was to identify the potential risk determinants which might affect the significance of demographic and clinical characteristics for the patients with anthroponotic CL (ACL) and the outcome of meglumine antimoniate (MA) (Glucantime) treatment.

Methodology/principal Findings: This current was executed as a cohort spanning over a period of 5 years which centered in southeastern part of Iran.

Apelin-13 attenuates motor impairments and prevents the changes in synaptic plasticity-related molecules in the striatum of Parkinsonism rats.

The striatum plays a critical role in motor control and also learning and memory of motor skills. It has been reported that striatal synaptic components are significantly decreased in dopaminergic-denervated striatum. In this study the effects of apelin-13 were investigated on motor disorders and striatal synaptosomal expression of PSD-95, neurexin1, neuroligin, metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGlu R1) and dopaminergic receptors (DR1 and DR2) in rat parkinsonism experimental model.

Comparison of two asymmetric headgear force systems: A finite element analysis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of displacement patterns of the molar teeth in response to different asymmetric headgear loading using 3D finite element method.

Methods: A series of twenty-five facebow with different left vs. right outer bow length and different expansion of left vs.

Toxico-pathological effects of meglumine antimoniate on human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

Leishmaniasis is one of the most important parasitic diseases after malaria. The standard treatment of leishmaniasis includes pentavalent antimonials (SbV); however, these drugs are associated with serious adverse effects. There have been very few studies pertaining to their side effects and mechanism of action in the fetus.

Clonal relationships, antimicrobial susceptibilities, and molecular characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates from urinary tract infections and fecal samples in Southeast Iran.

Introduction: Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli, a species that is a leading cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and is a major global public health concern. This study was designed to detect the differences in antibiotic resistance patterns, the production and type of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), and the clonal relationships among E. coli isolates from UTIs and fecal samples.

An Investigation of the Risk Factors of Osteoporosis and the Correlation between Opium Consumption and Osteoporosis in Adults.

Background: Osteoporosis and osteopenia are the most common metabolic bone diseases making the patients vulnerable to bone fragility and fracture. In this study, the association of opium consumption and osteoporosis adjusted for other risk factors was studied.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 619 cases including 73 men and 546 women referred to densitometry center in Kerman, Iran, were studied.

Glioblastoma Targeted Gene Therapy Based on pEGFP/p53-Loaded Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles.

Background: Blood-brain barrier (BBB) separates the neural tissue from circulating blood because of its high selectivity. This study focused on the in vitro application of magnetic nanoparticles to deliver Tp53 as a gene of interest to glioblastoma (U87) cells across a simulated BBB model that comprised KB cells.

Material And Method: After magnetic and non-magnetic nanoparticles were internalized by KB cells, their location in these cells was examined by transmission electron microscopy.

Evaluating the practice of Iranian community pharmacists regarding oral contraceptive pills using simulated patients.

Background: As oral contraceptive pills are available over the counter in pharmacies, pharmacists are professionally responsible for checking and informing patients about every aspect of taking these drugs. Simulated patient method is a new and robust way to evaluate professional performance of pharmacists.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the pharmacy practice of Iranian pharmacists regarding over-the-counter use of oral contraceptive pills using simulated patient method.

The Impact of Opium Consumption on Blood Glucose, Serum Lipids and Blood Pressure, and Related Mechanisms.

Substance abuse has become a universal crisis in our modern age. Among illegal substances, opium and its derivatives have been ranked second in terms of usage after cannabis in the world. In many Asian regions, the use of opium enjoys a high social acceptance; hence, some common people and even medical practitioners believe that opium lowers blood glucose and pressure and treat dyslipidemia.

Hepatotoxicity due to zinc phosphide poisoning in two patients: role of N-acetylcysteine.

Zinc phosphide (Zn3P2/ZnP) is used as a rodenticide. The most common signs of toxicity are nausea, vomiting, hypotension, and metabolic acidosis; patients presenting such signs are referred to the emergency department (ED) of the hospitals. Therefore, this study aimed to report two cases of hepatotoxicity following accidental and intentional ZnP poisoning and successful management with N-acetylcysteine (NAC).

Human Toll like receptor 4 gene expression of PBMCs in diabetes mellitus type 2 patients.

Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) is one of the most pivotal pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) in innate immune systems. In this study, we evaluate the expression of the TLR4 in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) in comparison to healthy controls. Expression of TLR4 in 32 human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with DM2 and 20 control samples was assessed using Real—Time PCR technique.

In vitro lethal effects of various extracts of Nigella sativa seed on hydatid cyst protoscoleces.

Objectives: There are several scolicidal agents for inactivation of hydatid cyst protoscolices during surgery, but most of them are associated with adverse side effects such as sclerosing cholangitis and liver necrosis. The present study was aimed to evaluate scolicidal effects of various extracts of Nigella sativa seeds against protoscoleces of hydatid cyst in an in vitro model.

Materials And Methods: Protoscoleces were aseptically aspirated from naturally infected livers of sheep and goats.

Protoscolecidal Effect of Berberis vulgaris Root Extract and Its Main Compound, Berberine in Cystic Echinococcosis.

Background: Cystic echinococcosis (CE), a zoonotic parasitic infection caused by the metacestode (larvae) stage of dog tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus and recognized as a major economic and public health concern in the world. This study aimed to investigate the in vitro scolicidal effect of methanolic extract of Berberis vulgaris L. roots and its main compound, berberine against protoscoleces of hydatid cysts.

The effects of co-administration of opium and morphine with nicotine during pregnancy on spatial learning and memory of adult male offspring rats.

Objectives: Smoking opium/cigarette is a global health concern. The aim of this study was to examine learning and memory of rat male offsprings whose mothers had been exposed to either opium or morphine with nicotine during pregnancy.

Materials And Methods: Wistar rats were used for the experiments.

Ovary cells apoptosis in opium-addicted diabetic and non-diabetic rats.

Background: Apoptosis is a physiological mechanism of cell death and it can be triggered by a variety of internal and external stimuli. It has been indicated that some opium derivatives develop cell apoptosis.

Objectives: The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of opium addiction on ovary cell apoptosis in diabetic and non-diabetic Wistar rats.

Scolicidal effects of biogenic selenium nanoparticles against protoscolices of hydatid cysts.

Cystic echinococcosis (hydatid cyst, CE) as a zoonotic parasitic infection caused by the larval stage of the dog tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus is still an important economic and public health concern in the world. One of the treatment options for CE is surgical removal of the cysts combined with chemotherapy using albendazole and/or mebendazole before and after surgery. Currently, many scolicidal agents, which have some complications, have been used for inactivation of the cyst contents.

Patient preferences for hospital quality: case study of iran.

Background: Due to the importance and uniqueness of the characteristics of the health sector, one of the most important priorities of the Ministry of Health is measuring the efficiency and quality of services which are provided for the people who refer to the health sectors. In all health systems, responding to the needs and wishes of patients is a crucial priority.

Objectives: The main purpose of this study is to prioritize the features of the services from the perspective of patients, by applying the Logit model.

Morphine protects SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells against 6-hydroxydopamine-induced cell damage: involvement of anti-oxidant, calcium blocking, and anti-apoptotic properties.

Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive and selective death of dopaminergic neurons. Understanding the neuroprotective effects of chemical reagents has attracted increasing attention. The μ opioid agonist morphine exerts both toxic and protective effects.

The Effect of Opium Dependency of Parent (s) on Offspring's Spatial Learning & Memory in Adult Male Rats.

Objective(s): As far as we know, there has been no report regarding the effects of opium addiction or dependency of both parents on the learning and memory process in offspring. The aim of this study was to examine the learning and memory changes of adult male offspring whose mothers, fathers and/or both parents had dependency to opium before and during pregnancy. Materials and Methods : All experiments were carried out on Wistar rats.

A linkage and association analysis study in the multidrug resistance gene 1 (mdr1) in renal patients.

Several investigations demonstrated that the polymorphisms of multidrug resistance gene (MDR1) gene contribute to interindividual variability in bioavailability and tissue distribution of its substrates. Genotyping of closely spaced single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers frequently yields highly correlated data, owing to extensive linkage disequilibrium (LD) between markers. The product of multidrug resistance gene (P-gp) is an important molecule, which regulating the bioavailability of many drugs, including calcineurin inhibitors.

Atorvastatin treatment improves diabetic polyneuropathy electrophysiological changes in non-insulin dependent diabetic patients: a double blind, randomized clinical trial.

Aim: Statins are widely used amongst diabetic patients. Recently, it has been proposed that they may exert many beneficial effects on vascular function regardless of their cholesterol lowering action. There are also growing concerns about statins-induced polyneuropathy in diabetic patients.