5,554 results match your criteria: "Keratitis Bacterial"
Fungal Keratitis in Northwestern Spain: Epidemiology, Risk Factors and Outcomes.
J Fungi (Basel)
October 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Ramón Baltar s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Article Synopsis
- This study reviewed fungal keratitis cases in Galicia, Spain, focusing on clinical features, risk factors, and treatment from 2010 to 2020.
- Out of 654 infectious keratitis cases, 77 (9.9%) were fungal, predominantly affecting older adults in rural areas, with most infections caused by dermatophyte species.
- Key risk factors included steroid use, recent eye surgeries, and ocular trauma, with delayed diagnosis leading to poor outcomes, stressing the importance of early detection and treatment improvements.
The Efficacy of Topical Cefiderocol Treatment of Experimental Extensively Drug-Resistant Keratitis Is Dependent upon the State of the Corneal Epithelium.
Antibiotics (Basel)
October 2024
The Charles T. Campbell Ophthalmic Microbiology Laboratory, UPMC Vision Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
An overlooked factor in the efficacy of topical antibiotics to treat bacterial keratitis is the state of the corneal epithelium. Recently, we evaluated topical cefiderocol for the treatment of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) (PA) keratitis in eyes with the corneal epithelium abraded. The goal of this study was to use the same model with the corneal epithelium left intact to evaluate the efficacy of cefiderocol and other antibiotics and compare the results to those of the previous study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn Situ Forming Hydrogel Reinforced with Antibiotic-Loaded Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Bacterial Keratitis.
AAPS PharmSciTech
October 2024
Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Article Synopsis
- Bacterial keratitis (BK) is a serious eye infection that can cause blindness if not treated quickly, and this study presents a new treatment method using a composite hydrogel.
- The hydrogel combines silk fibroin and sodium alginate with antibiotic-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) that effectively deliver vancomycin and ceftazidime.
- The study shows that the hydrogel has good drug loading capacity, sustained release of the antibiotics, and confirmed safety for cell compatibility, suggesting it could improve BK treatment outcomes.
Ag/Cu nanoparticles-loaded glycocalyx biomimetic corneal bandage lenses for combatting bacterial keratitis.
J Control Release
December 2024
School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China. Electronic address:
Bacterial keratitis is a major cause of blindness, hindered by the rising threat of antibiotic resistance. Although corneal bandage lenses (CBLs) are widely utilized in ophthalmic treatment, their effectiveness in treating bacterial keratitis remains limited due to risks of secondary infections, patient discomfort, and complications. In this study, we developed a novel biomimetic coating on CBLs by grafting Ag/Cu bimetallic nanoparticles (Ag/Cu-NPs) and thiol-functionalized heparin (Hep-SH) using a rapid polydopamine (PDA) deposition technique, effectively mimicking the ocular surface glycocalyx structure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpithelial downgrowth masquerading as granulomatous anterior and intermediate uveitis with histopathologic evidence of 5-FU treatment.
GMS Ophthalmol Cases
September 2024
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Article Synopsis
- The case discusses an unusual instance of epithelial downgrowth (EDG) in a 33-year-old man mistaken for granulomatous uveitis after multiple eye surgeries.
- The patient experienced symptoms like pain, light sensitivity, and vision loss, with tests ruling out infection, leading to a diagnosis via iris biopsy.
- Treatment with injections of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) showed promising results, marking the first documented case of significant reduction of epithelial cell presence due to this therapy.
Successful treatment of Keratitis caused by Mycobacterium chelonae and an overview of previous cases in Europe.
Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob
October 2024
Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
Article Synopsis
- A case study reports a 70-year-old woman developed keratitis caused by Mycobacterium chelonae after cataract surgery, showcasing the challenges in diagnosing nontuberculous mycobacterial infections.
- Initial tests failed to identify a pathogen, but repeated testing revealed M. chelonae, leading to a change in treatment to a combination of antibiotics.
- Successful combination therapy stabilized the infection, but corneal transplantation was ultimately necessary for visual rehabilitation due to scarring.
Development and evaluation of locust bean gum based in situ gel for ocular delivery of ofloxacin for treatment of bacterial keratitis.
Int J Biol Macromol
November 2024
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Conventional eye drops have a short residence time in the eye, leading to the need for a more effective delivery system.
- Researchers developed an in situ gel using locust bean gum (LBG) that can adhere to the eye and release the antibiotic ofloxacin, which becomes a gel at body temperature.
- Testing on rat eyes showed that the LBG-based gel not only delivered the drug effectively but also healed bacterial infections completely, suggesting its potential for future ocular drug delivery applications.
Rapid identification of primary atopic disorders (PAD) by a clinical landmark-guided, upfront use of genomic sequencing.
Allergol Select
October 2024
Center for Child and Adolescent Health, Helios Hospital Krefeld, Academic Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Krefeld.
Article Synopsis
- Primary atopic disorders (PAD) are rare genetic conditions caused by specific gene variants that affect skin and immune function, making diagnosis challenging among common allergic disease cases.
- Identifying PAD requires recognizing clinical red flags like family history and unusual infections, as conventional lab tests are inadequate for definitive diagnosis.
- Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) enhances diagnostic efficiency and accuracy, but requires careful interpretation and collaboration among specialists to effectively manage PAD cases.
Activation of pro-resolving pathways mediate the therapeutic effects of thymosin beta-4 during -induced keratitis.
Front Immunol
October 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, Visual & Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States.
Article Synopsis
- Current bacterial keratitis treatments inadequately address the inflammatory response that threatens vision; recent studies suggest thymosin beta-4 (Tβ4) enhances inflammatory resolution and bacterial killing.
- The study investigates how Tβ4 affects specialized pro-resolving lipid mediator (SPM) pathways, which are crucial for resolving inflammation, using a bacterial keratitis model and validating findings with specific cellular assays.
- Results show that Tβ4 significantly influences SPM enzymes and receptors, increases SPM production in the cornea, and enhances phagocytosis via SPM activation, supporting Tβ4's potential as a comprehensive treatment for bacterial keratitis.
A Case of Bacterial Keratitis in a Patient Using Orthokeratology and Soft Contact Lenses.
Cureus
September 2024
Ophthalmology, Ono Eye Clinic, Shizuoka, JPN.
A 63-year-old male with high myopia developed sudden visual loss, eyelid swelling, eye pain, discharge, and tearing in his left eye while wearing soft contact lenses (CLs) during the day and orthokeratology lenses at night. At the initial visit, his corrected visual acuity in the left eye was 20/1000, with a ring-shaped ulcer in the central cornea, corneal infiltration across the entire cornea, and conjunctival hyperemia. was detected from corneal scrapings, and after antibiotic treatment, the ulcer healed with corneal opacity remaining.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[A single-center study on the distribution and shifting trend of infectious keratitis pathogens from 2018 to 2022].
Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi
October 2024
Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, China.
To investigate the pathogen species, composition, and distribution characteristics of infectious keratitis pathogens in Shandong Province and its surrounding areas. In this cross-sectional study, patients with keratitis who underwent corneal sampling and microbiological culture at the Shandong Eye Hospital from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2022 were included. Under topical anesthesia, the edge of the lesion was scraped by an experienced physician.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCharacterization of infectious bacterial keratitis in Östergötland County, Sweden: a 10-year retrospective study.
J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect
October 2024
Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, 581 83, Sweden.
Article Synopsis
- A study conducted in Östergötland, Sweden, aimed to identify bacterial species and their antibiotic resistance linked to bacterial keratitis infections over a 9-year period (2010-2019).
- Researchers analyzed electronic health records of 190 patients with lab-confirmed bacterial keratitis, finding the most common bacteria were coagulase-negative staphylococci, Staphylococcus aureus, and Cutibacterium acnes.
- Results showed a high susceptibility of these bacteria to fluoroquinolones and chloramphenicol, suggesting that patients are likely receiving effective treatment; however, ongoing monitoring of antibiotic resistance is recommended.
Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Gatifloxacin and Dexamethasone in Rabbit Ocular Biofluid Using a Sensitive and Selective LC-MS/MS Method.
J Mass Spectrom
October 2024
Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetic Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India.
Article Synopsis
- Bacterial keratitis is a serious eye infection that can lead to corneal inflammation and potentially blindness, but can be treated with topical fluoroquinolones and corticosteroids like Gatifloxacin and Dexamethasone.
- A new bioanalytical method using tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has been developed to simultaneously measure Gatifloxacin and Dexamethasone, achieving separation in under 5 minutes with high accuracy.
- The method was validated according to USFDA guidelines and applied successfully in a study analyzing these drugs in rabbit tear fluid after topical application, demonstrating its effectiveness for pharmacokinetic analysis.
Long-Lasting, Transparent Antibacterial Shield: A Durable, Broad-Spectrum Anti-Bacterial, Non-Cytotoxic, Transparent Nanocoating for Extended Wear Contact Lenses.
Small
September 2024
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeo, Yuseong-gu, 34141, Republic of Korea.
The increasing incidence of serious bacterial keratitis, a sight-threatening condition often exacerbated by inadequate contact lens (CLs) care, highlights the need for innovative protective technology. This study introduces a long-lasting antibacterial, non-cytotoxic, transparent nanocoating for CLs via a solvent-free polymer deposition method, aiming to prevent bacterial keratitis. The nanocoating comprises stacked polymer films, with poly(dimethylaminomethyl styrene-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) (pDE) as a biocompatible, antibacterial layer atop poly(2,4,6,8-tetramethyl-2,4,6,8-tetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane) (pV4D4) as an adhesion-promoting layer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRelationship Between Fluoroquinolone Resistance and Mutations in the Quinolone Resistance-Determining Region in Corynebacterium macginleyi.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
September 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.
Article Synopsis
Combination effect of levofloxacin and cefmenoxime against ocular isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Cont Lens Anterior Eye
December 2024
School of Optometry and Vision Science, Faculty of Science, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Electronic address:
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of the combination of levofloxacin (LVFX) and cefmenoxime (CMX) on ocular isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Methods: Twenty-three strains of P. aeruginosa isolated from microbial keratitis cases in Australia were utilized in this study.
Five-year analysis of isolated pathogens and antibiotic resistance of ocular infections from two large tertiary comprehensive hospitals in east China.
Int J Ophthalmol
September 2024
Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to analyze the types of pathogens and their antibiotic resistance found in ocular infections over a five-year period at two hospitals in east China.
- Out of 2727 ocular specimens collected, 827 yielded positive cultures, with bacterial strains (60.85%) being more prevalent than fungal strains (39.15%), and Gram-positive cocci emerging as the most common pathogens.
- Notably, over 50% of Gram-positive cocci were resistant to fluoroquinolones, while multidrug resistance among bacteria showed a significant decrease over time.
Eumelanin-Enhanced Photothermal Disinfection of Contact Lenses Using a Sustainable Marine Nanoplatform Engineered with Electrospun Nanofibers.
Adv Healthc Mater
September 2024
Department of Biosystems and Soft Matter, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, 02-106, Poland.
Article Synopsis
- - Bacterial keratitis (BK), a serious eye infection linked to Staphylococcus aureus, is a major concern for contact lens users, threatening their vision.
- - The study presents a new smart nanoplatform (deMS@cNF) made from demineralized mussel shells and chitin nanofibrils, which can disinfect contact lenses using heat generated by a bike flashlight.
- - This nanoplatform not only proves to be biocompatible and non-toxic in tests, but also offers a cost-effective method of converting marine biowaste into a portable device for disinfecting lenses, indicating potential for broader antimicrobial uses.
Contact Lens-Related Corneal Infections.
Infect Dis Clin North Am
December 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Scheie Eye Institute, 51 North 39th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Article Synopsis
- - The review discusses the current state of contact lens-associated microbial keratitis (MK), focusing on its prevalence and risk factors such as overnight wear, poor hygiene, and different types of contact lenses.
- - MK is primarily caused by bacteria but can also be linked to fungi or protozoa, with symptoms including eye pain, redness, and potential vision loss.
- - Treatment emphasizes preventative measures through good hygiene, along with the use of broad-spectrum medications, while severe cases may require surgical intervention.
Sodium butyrate alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation through JAK/STAT signalling in primary human corneal fibroblasts.
Eur J Pharmacol
November 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, Shijiazhuang Aier Eye Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
Article Synopsis
- * This study tested sodium butyrate (NaB), which can reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines and promote anti-inflammatory ones, to see if it could improve keratitis treatment.
- * Results showed that NaB did not harm corneal fibroblast viability, helped maintain a healthy cell type, inhibited cell movement, and reduced inflammation by targeting the JAK/STAT signaling pathway.
miR-155 enhances apoptosis of macrophage through suppressing PI3K-AKT activation in keratitis.
Heliyon
September 2024
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan City People's Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong, 528403, China.
Article Synopsis
- Keratitis caused by microbial infection leads to serious inflammation of the cornea, and miRNAs like miR-155 are important in regulating the body's response to such infections.
- In this study, it was found that miR-155 levels were significantly higher in both macrophages and corneal tissue post-infection, and mice lacking miR-155 were more resistant to keratitis, having lower levels of bacteria.
- The research revealed that miR-155 promotes apoptosis (cell death) in macrophages during infection by inhibiting the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, suggesting that targeting miR-155 could be a potential therapeutic strategy for treating keratitis and similar infections.
Clinical features, risk factors and outcomes of contact lens-related bacterial keratitis in Nottingham, UK: a 7-year study.
Eye (Lond)
December 2024
Academic Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Article Synopsis
- The study analyzed 138 patients with contact lens-related bacterial keratitis (CLBK) over a 7-year period to understand their demographics, CL wear behavior, and treatment outcomes.
- The majority of cases were linked to soft contact lenses, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus spp. being the most common bacteria found; poor hygiene was a significant factor in over half the cases.
- Most patients responded well to topical antibiotics, achieving good visual acuity, although older age, female gender, and larger infection size were associated with poorer healing outcomes.
Exploring the potential of nanoparticles-based polydopamine for effective treatment of refractory keratitis: Mild photothermal loop therapy.
Int J Biol Macromol
November 2024
National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Keratitis is a major cause of blindness globally, particularly challenging due to drug-resistant bacteria and biofilm formation that can lead to severe outcomes like eyeball removal.
- Researchers developed a new treatment method called mild photothermal loop (MPL) therapy, which effectively kills methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) at a specific temperature and duration.
- They also created a dual-purpose hydrogel that not only combats MRSA but also reduces harmful compounds and inflammation, showing promising results in both lab tests and animal studies, marking a novel approach for treating refractory keratitis.
Vermamoeba vermiformis as the etiological agent in a patient with suspected non-Acanthamoeba keratitis.
Parasitol Res
September 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, Ege University Medical School, İzmir, Turkey.
Article Synopsis
- * A case report describes a 48-year-old male with eye keratitis caused by V. vermiformis, identified through culture and molecular techniques after experiencing trauma to his eye.
- * Treatment with chlorhexidine led to clinical improvement within 72 hours and complete resolution in 5 weeks, highlighting the importance of recognizing V. vermiformis as a potential cause of corneal infections, alongside the more known Acanthamoeba.
Antibiotic-loaded lactoferrin nanoparticles as a platform for enhanced infection therapy through targeted elimination of intracellular bacteria.
Asian J Pharm Sci
August 2024
NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening & Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory for New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.