An evaluation of the effectiveness of an updated pre-service midwifery curriculum integrated with emergency obstetric and newborn care in Kenya: a cluster randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Quality midwifery education is central to improving midwifery service delivery and maternal and newborn health outcomes. In many settings, midwifery educators insufficiently prepared for their teaching role and deficient curriculum compared to international standards affect the quality of healthcare provided by the midwifery graduates. This study assessed the effectiveness of an EmONC enhanced midwifery curriculum delivered by trained and mentored midwifery educators on the quality of education and student performance in Kenya.

Experiences, barriers and perspectives of midwifery educators, mentors and students implementing the updated emergency obstetric and newborn care-enhanced pre-service midwifery curriculum in Kenya: a nested qualitative study.

Introduction: To achieve quality midwifery education, understanding the experiences of midwifery educators and students in implementing a competency-based pre-service curriculum is critical. This study explored the experiences of and barriers to implementing a pre-service curriculum updated with emergency obstetric and newborn care (EmONC) skills by midwifery educators, students and mentors in Kenya.

Methods: This was a nested qualitative study within the cluster randomised controlled trial investigating the effectiveness of an EmONC enhanced midwifery curriculum delivered by trained and mentored midwifery educators on the quality of education and student performance in 20 colleges in Kenya.

Corrigendum: Translation and adaptation of the stroke-specific quality of life scale into Swahili.

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Evaluation of the feasibility of a midwifery educator continuous professional development (CPD) programme in Kenya and Nigeria: a mixed methods study.

Background: Midwifery education is under-invested in developing countries with limited opportunities for midwifery educators to improve/maintain their core professional competencies. To improve the quality of midwifery education and capacity for educators to update their competencies, a blended midwifery educator-specific continuous professional development (CPD) programme was designed with key stakeholders. This study evaluated the feasibility of this programme in Kenya and Nigeria.

A Comprehensive Review of Ethnomedicinal Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Toxicity of (Hook. F.) Kalkman from Africa.

, a widely utilized medicinal plant in various African ethnic communities, continues to hold significant importance in traditional healing practices. Research has identified phytochemical compounds in this plant, exhibiting diverse pharmacological activities that offer potential for pharmaceutical development. Notably, is employed in treating various ailments such as wounds, diabetes mellitus, malaria, benign prostatic hyperplasia, chest pain, and prostate cancer.

Eye Health Integration in Southern and Eastern Africa: A Scoping Review.

Integrated health systems are deemed necessary for the attainment of universal health coverage, and the East, Central, and Southern Africa Health Community (ECSA-HC) recently passed a resolution to endorse the integration of eye health into the wider health system. This review presents the current state of integration of eye health systems in the region. Eight hundred and twelve articles between 1946 and 2020 were identified from four electronic databases that were searched.

Paradoxical and Unmasking HIV Immune Reconstitution Inflammation Syndrome in Antiretroviral-Naïve Pregnant Women: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background And Aims: Following antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation, HIV-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), indicated by an array of opportunistic infections, may occur, presenting as either paradoxical, a worsening of a previously treated infection, or unmasking, a flare-up of an underlying, previously undiagnosed infection. The impact of ART as the backbone of HIV treatment and prevention has prolonged the survival of people living with HIV. In pregnancy, benefits have been shown by slowing HIV progression and preventing perinatal transmission; however, there have been risks of adverse reactions with ART, including immune responses to both the fetus and mother.

The Built Environment as a Social Determinant of Health.

The built environment encompasses buildings we live in; the distribution systems that provide us with water and electricity; and the roads, bridges, and transportation systems we use to get from place to place. It provides safety, health, and well-being and meaning to its dwellers, as a place to work, live, learn, play, and thrive. Poor-quality housing affects dwellers' health through toxins such as radon and lead, mold, cold indoor temperatures, and overcrowding.

Travel time to cataract surgical services in Kenya, Malawi and Rwanda: demonstrating a standardised indicator of physical access to cataract surgery.

Background: Travel time can be used to assess health services accessibility by reflecting the proximity of services to the people they serve. We aimed to demonstrate an indicator of physical access to cataract surgery and identify subnational locations where people were more at risk of not accessing cataract surgery.

Methods: We used an open-access inventory of public health facilities plus key informants in Kenya, Malawi and Rwanda to compile a geocoded inventory of cataract facilities.

Building menstrual health and hygiene-supportive environments: exploring teachers' experience in rural Western Kenya.

Introduction: Existing school environments and staff play a critical role in Menstrual Health and Hygiene (MHH) for school aged girls in middle and low-income countries. This paper leverages teachers' perspectives on menstruation and the impact of the Menstrual Solutions (MS) study, an open cluster randomized controlled feasibility study to determine the impact of puberty education, nurses support, and menstrual product provision on girls' academic performance and emotional well-being.

Methods: Seventeen focus group discussions were conducted from October 2012 through November 2013 with teachers at six participating schools, held at three different time points during the study period.

Application of Hybridization Chain Reaction/CRISPR-Cas12a for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Globally, the emergence of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has had a significant impact on life. The need for ongoing SARS-CoV-2 screening employing inexpensive and quick diagnostic approaches is undeniable, given the ongoing pandemic and variations in vaccine administration in resource-constrained regions. This study presents results as proof of concept to use hybridization chain reaction (HCR) and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas12a complex for detecting SARS-CoV-2.

Translation and adaptation of the stroke-specific quality of life scale into Swahili.

Background: Stroke care requires a patient-centred, evidence-based and culturally appropriate approach for better patient clinical outcomes. Quality of life necessitates precise measuring using health-related quality measures that are self-reported and language appropriate. However, most of the self-reported measures were devised in Europe and therefore not considered contextually appropriate in other settings, more so in Africa.

Factors that influence compliance for referral from primary care to hospital for maternal and neonatal complications in Bosaso, Somalia: a qualitative study.

Objectives: To estimate referral compliance and examine factors that influence decisions to comply with referral for newborn and maternal complications in Bosaso, Somalia.

Setting: Bosaso, Somalia, is a large port city that hosts a large proportion of internally displaced persons. The study was conducted at the only four primary health centres offering 24/7 delivery services and the only public referral hospital in Bosaso.

Evaluation of a knowledge translation intervention for HIV and rehabilitation advocacy in physiotherapy in three sub-Saharan African countries.

Purpose: To evaluate a knowledge translation intervention to determine knowledge, attitudes and self-efficacy related to HIV and rehabilitation advocacy in physiotherapy students.

Methods: A pre and post-test study was conducted at three physiotherapy-training programs in Sub Saharan Africa - the University of the Witwatersrand (Wits), the University of Zambia (UNZA) and Kenya Medical Technical College (KMTC). For each site, the knowledge, attitude and self-efficacy of physiotherapy students were tested pre- and post-intervention using a standardized questionnaire.

HIV and Associated Indicators of COVID-19 Cytokine Release Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression.

The aim of this review was to evaluate the risk of COVID-19 cytokine release syndrome (CRS) with HIV infection and meta-regress for indicator covariates. Electronic databases, including Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Web of Sciences (WOS), EMBASE, Medline/PubMed, COVID-19 Research Database, and Scopus, were systematically searched till February 30, 2022. All human studies were included, irrespective of publication date or region.

Presence of -Fatty Acids Containing Ingredients in Pre-Packaged Foods and the Availability of Reported -Fat Levels in Kenya and Nigeria.

In most African countries, the prevalence of industrially produced -fatty acids (iTFA) in the food supply is unknown. We estimated the number and proportion of products containing specific (any hydrogenated edible oils) and non-specific (vegetable fat, margarine, and vegetable cream) ingredients potentially indicative of iTFAs among pre-packaged foods collected in Kenya and Nigeria. We also summarized the number and proportion of products that reported -fatty acids levels and the range of reported -fatty acids levels.

Person-centered care for musculoskeletal pain: Putting principles into practice.

Person-centered care specifically focuses on the whole person and is an important component of contemporary care for people with musculoskeletal pain conditions. Evidence suggests however, that some clinicians experience difficulties with integrating person-centered care principles into their clinical practice. Therefore, the purpose of this masterclass is to provide a framework that enables clinicians to incorporate person-centered principles in their management of people with musculoskeletal pain conditions.

International collaboration for the development of clinical guidelines in low and middle-income countries: case study on the development of a national framework and clinical guidelines for diabetic retinopathy in Ghana.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of blindness in many countries across the world. Ghana has seen a rise in diabetic retinopathy and is working on various strategies to prevent blindness. Clinical guidelines are seen as a promising strategy for improving quality and reducing cost of care.

Rationale for integration of services for diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy in Kenya.

Background: Good diabetes mellitus (diabetes) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) management depends on the strength of the health system, prompting us to conduct a health system assessment for diabetes and DR in Kenya. We used diabetes and DR as tracer conditions to assess the strengths and weaknesses in the health system, and potential interventions to strengthen the health system. In this paper, we report on the need and relevance of integration to strengthen diabetes and DR care.

Experiences of participation in everyday activities for people with stroke in Nairobi, Kenya.

Background: Stroke is currently one of the greatest causes of disability and death in Kenya. Previous research indicates a lack of knowledge regarding how participation in everyday life is experienced after a stroke in Sub-Sahara Africa.

Objectives: The aim was to explore and describe experiences of participation in everyday life for people who had had a stroke living in Nairobi, Kenya.