State and territory immunization program activities and their association with human papillomavirus vaccine initiation in the United States of America: A multilevel approach.

This study evaluates the association between immunization program (IP) activities aimed at increasing HPV vaccination among adolescents and their impact on initiation rates. Our data sources are: (i) 2016 AIM Annual Survey and (ii) 2019 National Immunization Survey-Teen. We estimated the prevalence of HPV vaccine initiation using a multilevel Poisson model, combining state-level IP data and individual characteristics of adolescents.

Workday Habits and Fatigue of American Jockeys.

Objective: 1) Characterize the workday habits of American jockeys, and 2) Evaluate the relationship between workday habits and fatigue through changes in postural stability (balance) across their workday.

Methods: Thirty-seven jockeys participated in pre- and post-race day testing. Jockeys completed questionnaires on workday habits and a two-minute balance test with tri-axial accelerometers on the unstable surface and sacrum.

Impact of medical and recreational cannabis laws on inpatient visits for asthma.

Objective: To examine the impact of medical and recreational cannabis laws on inpatient visits for asthma and by payer-type.

Study Setting And Design: Quasi-experimental difference-in-differences regression analysis was conducted while accounting for variations in cannabis laws implementation timing by states. Inpatient visits for asthma in states with a given type of cannabis law were compared with those in states that did not implement the specific law.

Understanding and Addressing Morally Injurious Events of Healthcare Chaplains in Texas: Insights for Health and Well-Being.

Healthcare chaplains may be at heightened risk of encountering potentially morally injurious events. The purpose of the current study was to explore potentially morally injurious events for healthcare chaplains and to identify strategies to enhance health and well-being. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with healthcare chaplains (n = 26) across Texas.

Quality of Cancer Recurrence Data in the National Cancer Database: A Reappraisal of Reporting Readiness.

Background: This study evaluated the quality of cancer recurrence data in the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to determine if missingness and reporting consistency have improved enough to support national research.

Methods: This multi-methods study included NCDB analyses and a cancer registry staff survey. Trends in recurrence data missingness from 2004 to 2021 and multivariable analyses of factors associated with missingness from 2017 to 2021 were evaluated for 4,568,927 patients with non-metastatic cancer.

Identifying Factors that Influence Pediatric Echo Lab Image Quality: Development and Validation of a New Assessment Tool.

No method of evaluating transthoracic echocardiograms (TTE) image quality (IQ) has been validated. Furthermore, structural echo lab elements impacting IQ are unknown. We sought to develop and validate a TTE IQ grading tool and determine patient and echo lab features associated with IQ.

Fetal Characteristics and Perinatal Outcomes in Tetralogy of Fallot Without a Ductus Arteriosus.

Absence of the ductus arteriosus (DA) is common in tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), occurring in up to 30% of cases. Yet, the clinical course and fetal echocardiographic features are not well described, limiting prenatal counseling. This study examines the fetal echocardiographic characteristics and perinatal outcomes in children with TOF absent DA (TOF/ADA), comparing them to those with a DA (TOF/DA).

Biliary complications of surgical procedures: what the radiologist needs to know.

Post-surgical biliary complications increase morbidity, mortality, and healthcare utilization. Early detection and management of biliary complications is thus of great clinical importance. Even though the overall risk for biliary complications is low after laparoscopic cholecystectomy, post-cholecystectomy biliary complications are frequently encountered in clinical practice as laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the most common surgical procedure performed in the United States.

Grain engineering for efficient near-infrared perovskite light-emitting diodes.

Metal halide perovskites show promise for next-generation light-emitting diodes, particularly in the near-infrared range, where they outperform organic and quantum-dot counterparts. However, they still fall short of costly III-V semiconductor devices, which achieve external quantum efficiencies above 30% with high brightness. Among several factors, controlling grain growth and nanoscale morphology is crucial for further enhancing device performance.

Cholinesterase Inhibitory Activity of Paeoniflorin: Molecular Dynamics Simulation, and In Vitro Mechanistic Investigation.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurological disorder, is one of the major reasons for memory loss in the world. AD is characterized by a sequela of cognitive and functional decline caused by brain cell degeneration. Paeoniflorin is a monoterpenoid glycoside found in plants of the Paeoniaceae family, which are known for their medicinal properties including dementia.

Approaches for the Inactivation of .

Introduction: is the gram-negative, facultative intracellular bacterium that causes the disease known as plague. Due to the risk for aerosol transmission, a low infectious dose, and the acute and lethal nature of pneumonic plague, research activities with require Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3) facilities to provide the appropriate safeguards to minimize accidental exposures and environmental release. However, many experimental assays cannot be performed in BSL-3 due to equipment availability, and thus require removal of samples from the BSL-3 laboratory to be completed.

Main and Interactive Effects of Negative Posttraumatic Cognitions and Disgust Sensitivity in Predicting Daily Experiences of Sexual Trauma-Related Mental Contamination.

Trauma-related mental contamination, or a sense of dirtiness occurring without recent contact with a contaminant, is a distressing and often persistent phenomenon after sexual trauma. Following sexual trauma, cross-sectional work has demonstrated separate positive associations between mental contamination and 1) negative posttraumatic cognitions about oneself, the world, and/or self-blame and 2) disgust sensitivity - defined as the extent to which one is prone to distress when experiencing disgust. However, existing work has been primarily restricted to cross-sectional designs and has yet to consider the potential moderating role of disgust sensitivity in associations between negative posttraumatic cognitions and persistent mental contamination.

Impact of Metastatic Pattern on Survival Following Pancreatectomy for Cancer.

Background And Methods: The incidence of pancreatic cancer is increasing, and up to 55% of patients present with metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis. Many patients also develop metastatic disease following surgical resection. The impact of metastatic patterns on outcomes has not been described.

Characterization of non-typhoidal Salmonella reveals the highly prevalent mcr-1-positive S. 1,4,[5],12:i:- within eggs are derived from chickens.

Salmonella is one of the most common foodborne pathogens. Antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella isolates, especially those resistant to colistin, pose a significant threat to public health worldwide. However, data about the prevalence of mcr-positive Salmonella in animals was few and the dissemination of mcr-positive Salmonella from animals to food, especially eggs, has not been fully addressed.

Do bilateral deficits in hop for distance performance occur concomitantly with bilateral movement differences in people with patellofemoral pain? A cross-sectional investigation with between-group and -limb comparisons.

Background: People with patellofemoral pain (PFP) may have bilateral deficits in hop for distance test (SLHD) performance, whereas the worsening performance of the pain-free or less painful limbs suggests that bilateral movement differences may occur. While clinicians may not be aware of bilateral movement differences that may be employed during the clinical assessment of SLHD performance (e.g.

Comparative Effectiveness of Fluticasone Furoate/Umeclidinium/Vilanterol and Budesonide/Glycopyrrolate/Formoterol Fumarate among US Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with exacerbations which can reduce quality of life and increase mortality. Single-inhaler triple therapy (SITT) is recommended for maintenance treatment of COPD among patients experiencing exacerbations despite dual-therapy use. This real-world comparative effectiveness study compared the impact of SITTs, fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium/vilanterol (FF/UMEC/VI), and budesonide/glycopyrrolate/formoterol fumarate (BUD/GLY/FORM), on COPD exacerbations and mortality.

Assessing patient satisfaction with hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis care and associated factors in Iran.

Purpose: With the increasing demand for dialysis, there is a growing emphasis on patient-centered care. This study investigated patients' satisfaction levels with peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD) care in Iran.

Methods: A cross-sectional multicenter study was conducted among 346 patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) covered by the Iran Health Insurance Organization who received dialysis services from October to December 2022 across the country.

Association of polyploidy with seed mass/germination in angiosperms: a review.

Polyploidization (diploidy → polyploidy) was more likely to be positively associated with seed mass than with seed germination. Polyploidy is common in flowering plants, and polyploidization can be associated with the various stages of a plant's life cycle. Our primary aim was to determine the association (positive, none or negative) of polyploidy with seed mass/germination via a literature review.

Comparative morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits in sensitive and tolerant maize genotypes in response to salinity and pb stress.

Salinity and lead are two important abiotic stresses that limit crop growth and yield. In this study, we assayed the effect of these stresses on tolerant and sensitive maize genotypes. Four-week-old maize plants were treated with 250 mM sodium chloride (NaCl) and 250 µM lead (Pb).

Salivary features of periodontitis and gingivitis in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with cellular abnormalities, tissue and organ dysfunctions, and periodontitis. This investigation examined the relationship between the oral microbiome and salivary biomarkers in T2DM patients with or without periodontitis. This cohort (35-80 years) included systemically healthy non-periodontitis (NP; n = 31), T2DM without periodontitis (DWoP; n = 32) and T2DM with periodontitis (DWP; n = 29).

Text message-delivered cannabis use disorder treatment with young adults: A large randomized clinical trial.

Background: Two scientific and clinical challenges for treating cannabis use disorder (CUD) are developing efficacious treatments with high likelihood of uptake and scalability, and testing the clinical mechanisms by which treatments work. Because young adults experience more CUD than other age groups, a need exists to test the efficacy and hypothesized causal pathways of novel treatments for CUD. Text-delivered treatments have the potential to reach young adults by increasing access and perceived privacy.

Flavored E-Cigarette Sales Restrictions and Young Adult Tobacco Use.

Importance: More than one-quarter of US residents live in states or localities that restrict sales of flavored electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), often as a means to reduce youth vaping. Yet, how these policies affect young adult vaping and smoking remains unclear.

Objective: To estimate the effects of ENDS flavor restrictions on ENDS use and cigarette smoking among young adults (age 18-29 years) in the US.