Exploration of mental health stigma in veterinary teams in the United States before and after evidence-based psychoeducation for burden transfer.

Background: High rates of psychological distress are present in veterinary healthcare professionals and elevated mental health stigma in the field may underlie psychological treatment reluctance. A psychoeducational programme designed to reduce distress associated with difficult veterinary client behaviours (i.e.

Women's Relationships With Healthcare and Providers: The Role of Weight Stigma in Healthcare and Weight Bias Internalization.

Background: Weight stigma (devaluation due to body weight) in healthcare is common and influences one's engagement in healthcare, health behaviors, and relationship with providers. Positive patient-provider relationships (PPR) are important for one's healthcare engagement and long-term health.

Purpose: To date, no research has yet investigated whether weight bias internalization (self-stigma due to weight; WBI) moderates the effect of weight stigma on the PPR.

On the value of meta-research for early career researchers: A commentary.

Meta-research, also known as "research on research" is a field of study that investigates the methods, reporting, reproducibility, evaluation, and incentives along the research continuum. Meta-research literacy is imperative to ensure high quality, transparent and reproducible primary data or meta-research products. In this commentary, we propose that early career researchers should be trained in meta-research as a foundation to develop a deeper understanding of the research process and ability to appraise the research literature and design high-quality original studies, irrespective of their chosen field of study.

Associations between neighbourhood safety, social cohesion, sleep quality and sleep duration among older adults in India: Findings from the Study on Global Aging and Adult Health (WHO-SAGE), 2015.

Background: Most studies on later-life health in India focus on families, with far less attention given to the health repercussions of neighbourhood conditions among older Indians. We address this limitation in existing research by examining the associations between perceptions of neighbourhood safety and social cohesion and sleep duration and sleep quality among older adults in India.

Methods: Data come from the Study on Global Aging and Adult Health (WHO-SAGE), India 2015 wave 2, with a sample of 7118 adults aged 50 years and above.

Assessing the utility of SoilGrids250 for biogeographic inference of plant populations.

Inclusion of edaphic conditions in biogeographical studies typically provides a better fit and deeper understanding of plant distributions. Increased reliance on soil data calls for easily accessible data layers providing continuous soil predictions worldwide. Although SoilGrids provides a potentially useful source of predicted soil data for biogeographic applications, its accuracy for estimating the soil characteristics experienced by individuals in small-scale populations is unclear.

Eastern redcedar roots create legacy effects that suppresses growth of prairie species.

The expansion of woody species from their historical ranges into grasslands is a global problem. Understanding the mechanisms that enable species to successfully establish and then re-encroach following their removal is critical to effectively managing problem species. Legacy effects are a mechanism that could be critical to the reestablishment of woody encroachers following their removal.

Genomic analysis of the rhesus macaque () and the cynomolgus macaque () uncover polygenic signatures of reinforcement speciation.

Speciation can involve phases of divergent adaptation in allopatry and ecological/reproductive character displacement in sympatry or parapatry. Reproductive character displacement can result as a means of preventing hybridization, a process known as reinforcement speciation. In this study, we use whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of two closely related primate species that have experienced introgression in their history, the rhesus () and cynomolgus () macaques, to identify genes exhibiting reproductive character displacement and other patterns consistent with reinforcement speciation.

Trends in Cardiovascular Disease Mortality by County-Level Social Vulnerability Index in the United States.

Background Although cardiovascular mortality (CVM) rates in the United States have been declining overall, our study evaluated whether this holds true for areas with increased social deprivation. Methods and Results We used county-level cross-sectional age-adjusted CVM rates (aa-CVM) (2000-2019) linked to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Social Vulnerability Index (SVI-2010). We grouped counties as per SVI (Groups I 0-0.

Long-term subtropical grassland plots take a long time to change: Replacement is more important than richness differences for beta diversity.

We studied β diversity of grasses in a subtropical grassland over 60 years in South Africa. We examined the effects of burning and mowing on 132 large plots. We sought to determine the effects of burning and mowing, and mowing frequency, on the replacement of species and the species richness.

Gene flow drives genomic diversity in Asian Pikas distributed along the core and range-edge habitats in the Himalayas.

Studying the genetic variation among different species distributed across their core and range-edge habitats can provide valuable insights into how genetic variation changes across the species' distribution range. This information can be important for understanding local adaptation, as well as for conservation and management efforts. In this study, we have carried out genomic characterization of six species of Asian Pikas distributed along their core and range-edge habitats in the Himalayas.

Assessment of the Value of a Carriage System to Organize and Elevate Intravenous Tubing.

Caregiver/patient fall injury risks increase when medical tubing drapes on floors. The objective of this research was to examine the value of a novel carriage system that organizes and elevates medical and intravenous (IV) tubing. Using a prospective, multicenter, cohort design, value of the IV carriage system was assessed using a valid, reliable survey that provided the total score and scores of 3 involvement factors: personal relevance, attitude, and importance.

Self-assembled supramolecular artificial light-harvesting nanosystems: construction, modulation, and applications.

Artificial light-harvesting systems, an elegant way to capture, transfer and utilize solar energy, have attracted great attention in recent years. As the primary step of natural photosynthesis, the principle of light-harvesting systems has been intensively investigated, which is further employed for artificial construction of such systems. Supramolecular self-assembly is one of the feasible methods for building artificial light-harvesting systems, which also offers an advantageous pathway for improving light-harvesting efficiency.

A rare tonsillar metastasis of Merkel cell carcinoma: A case report.

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) metastasis to the tonsil is extremely rare with five published cases. We report the case of a patient with palatine tonsillar MCC metastasis, who presented without oropharyngeal symptoms, which contrast prior reported cases.

Luminescent 1-1,3-benzazaphospholes.

2-R-1-1,3-Benzazaphospholes (R-BAPs) are an interesting class of σP heterocycles containing P[double bond, length as m-dash]C bonds. While closely related 2-R-1,3-benzoxaphospholes (R-BOPs) have been shown to be highly photoluminescent materials depending on specific R substituents, photoluminescence of R-BAPs has been previously limited to an example having a fused carbazole ring system. Here we detail the synthesis and structural characterization of a new R-BAP (3c, R = 2,2'-dithiophene), and compare its photoluminescence against two previously reported R-BAPs (3a, R, R' = Me and 3b, R = 2-thiophene).

Validation of the Burden Transfer Inventory-abbreviated and examination across veterinary medicine positions and settings in the United States.

Background: Burden transfer, when veterinary client caregiver burden underlies stressful encounters with providers, elevates risk for occupational distress in veterinary medicine. To date, burden transfer has been primarily examined in veterinarians working in general practice, using methods that are time consuming. The current work validates an abbreviated Burden Transfer Inventory (BTI-A) and explores burden transfer across positions of employment and veterinary settings.

Plant-soil feedback from eastern redcedar () inhibits the growth of grasses in encroaching range.

The encroachment of woody plants into grasslands is an ongoing global problem that is largely attributed to anthropogenic factors such as climate change and land management practices. Determining the mechanisms that drive successful encroachment is a critical step towards planning restoration and long-term management strategies. Feedbacks between soil and aboveground communities can have a large influence on the fitness of plants and must be considered as potentially important drivers for woody encroachment.

Anxiety and stress over COVID-19 pandemic associated with increased eating.

Objective: Stressful experiences can dramatically affect eating. The relatively sudden, global emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic served as a massive stressor to virtually all people, regardless of infection status. This study hypothesized that actual and perceived stressors from the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, in the categories of recurring disruptions, environmental threat, and social isolation would be positively associated with increased self-reported eating in the United States.

Long-term ecological research and the COVID-19 anthropause: A window to understanding social-ecological disturbance.

The period of disrupted human activity caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, coined the "anthropause," altered the nature of interactions between humans and ecosystems. It is uncertain how the anthropause has changed ecosystem states, functions, and feedback to human systems through shifts in ecosystem services. Here, we used an existing disturbance framework to propose new investigation pathways for coordinated studies of distributed, long-term social-ecological research to capture effects of the anthropause.

Supporting grandchildren's remote instruction during COVID-19: Experiences of custodial grandmothers.

While negative impacts of COVID-19-related remote instruction on children continue to emerge, it appears that vulnerable students will disproportionately bear the burden. One such vulnerable population is children being raised by grandparents. The purpose of this mixed methods study was to gain insight into custodial grandmothers' (CGMs) experiences of their grandchildren's remote instruction, as well as individual and contextual factors associated with these experiences.

Changes in white oak () phytochemistry in response to periodical cicadas: Before, during, and after an emergence.

Periodical cicadas have mass emergences once every 13 or 17 years. Plants may need to upregulate defense production in response to an emergence. Defense production is energetically expensive, so plants may downregulate their production after periodical cicada populations dissipate.

Baseline associations between biomarkers, cognitive function, and self-regulation indices in the Cognitive and Self-regulatory Mechanisms of Obesity Study.

Objective: Understanding how biological, cognitive, and self-regulatory factors are related to obesity, and weight regulation is clearly needed to optimize obesity prevention and treatment. The objective of this investigation was to understand how baseline biological, cognitive, and self-regulatory factors are related to adiposity at the initiation of a behavioral weight loss intervention among treatment-seeking adults with overweight/obesity.

Methods: Participants ( = 107) in the Cognitive and Self-regulatory Mechanisms of Obesity Study (Identifier-NCT02786238) completed a baseline assessment with anthropometric, cardiometabolic, inflammatory, cognitive function, and self-regulation measures as part of a larger on-going trial.

Mechanical unfolding of ensemble biomolecular structures by shear force.

Mechanical unfolding of biomolecular structures has been exclusively performed at the single-molecule level by single-molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS) techniques. Here we transformed sophisticated mechanical investigations on individual molecules into a simple platform suitable for molecular ensembles. By using shear flow inside a homogenizer tip, DNA secondary structures such as i-motifs are unfolded by shear force up to 50 pN at a 77 796 s shear rate.

Solvent polarity driven helicity inversion and circularly polarized luminescence in chiral aggregation induced emission fluorophores.

Development of functional materials capable of exhibiting chirality tunable circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) is currently in high demand for potential technological applications. Herein we demonstrate the formation of both left- and right-handed fluorescent helical superstructures from each enantiomer of a chiral tetraphenylethylene derivative through judicious choice of the solution processing conditions. Interestingly, both the aggregation induced emission active enantiomers exhibit handedness inversion of their supramolecular helical assemblies just by varying the solution polarity without any change in their molecular chirality.