6,536 results match your criteria: "Kent State University[Affiliation]"

Growing evidence highlights the predictive power of cross-notation magnitude comparison (e.g., 2/5 vs.

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Probiotics are studied for their therapeutic potential in the treatment of several diseases, including metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Part of the significant progress made in understanding the pathogenesis of steatosis has come from identifying the complex interplay between the gut microbiome and liver function. Recently, probiotics have shown beneficial effects for the treatment and prevention of steatosis and MASLD in rodent models and in clinical trials.

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Collective modes in terahertz field response of disordered superconductors.

J Phys Condens Matter

January 2025

Department of Physics, Kent State University, 008 Smith Hall, Kent, Ohio, 44240, UNITED STATES.

We consider a problem of nonlinear response to an external electromagnetic radiation in conventional disordered superconductors which contain a small amount of weak magnetic impurities. We focus on the diffusive limit and use Usadel equation to analyze the excitation energy and dispersion relation of the collective modes. We determine the resonant frequency and dispersion of both amplitude (Schmidt-Higgs) and phase (Carlson-Goldman) modes for moderate strength of magnetic scattering.

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Background: The pervasiveness of drug culture has become evident in popular music and social media. Previous research has examined drug abuse content in both social media and popular music; however, to our knowledge, the intersection of drug abuse content in these 2 domains has not been explored. To address the ongoing drug epidemic, we analyzed drug-related content on Twitter (subsequently rebranded X), with a specific focus on lyrics.

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Background And Objectives: Epididymal transit renders key competence to mammalian spermatozoa for fertilizing eggs. Generally, the two paralogs of glycogen synthase kinase 3, GSK3α and GSK3β, functionally overlap except in testis and sperm. We showed that GSK3α is essential for epididymal sperm maturation and fertilization.

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A self-assembling nanoplatform for pyroptosis and ferroptosis enhanced cancer photoimmunotherapy.

Light Sci Appl

January 2025

Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China.

The microenvironment of immunosuppression and low immunogenicity of tumor cells has led to unsatisfactory therapeutic effects of the currently developed nanoplatforms. Immunogenic cell death, such as pyroptosis and ferroptosis, can efficiently boost antitumor immunity. However, the exploration of nanoplatform for dual function inducers and combined immune activators that simultaneously trigger pyroptosis and ferroptosis remains limited.

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Introduction: This study aimed to investigate whether individualizing autonomic recovery periods between resistance training (RT) sessions (IND) using heart rate variability (HRV), measured by the root mean square of successive R-R interval differences (RMSSD), would lead to greater and more consistent improvements in muscle strength, muscle mass, and functional performance in older women compared to a fixed recovery protocol (FIX).

Methods: Twenty-one older women (age 66.0 ± 5.

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Housing stability, employment, and survival behaviors among young mothers experiencing homelessness: A randomized controlled trial of a housing intervention.

Soc Sci Med

December 2024

College of Education and Human Ecology, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1787 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States.

The present study examined the efficacy of a comprehensive housing intervention (Ecologically-Based Treatment - temporary housing and supportive services) on the longitudinal co-occurring patterns of housing stability, employment, and survival behaviors among a sample of young mothers experiencing homelessness. Participants were randomly assigned to: (1) temporary housing + supportive services (n = 80), (2) housing-only (n = 80), or (3) services as usual (n = 80). Follow-up assessments were completed at 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-months post-baseline.

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Recovery From Heroin Addiction: A Qualitative Study.

Public Health Nurs

December 2024

College of Nursing, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA.

Objective: Understanding the recovery process from heroin addiction is crucial as nonmedical opioid use persists. This study aims to comprehensively describe the recovery journey, focusing on the experiences and challenges faced by individuals in recovery to inform treatment approaches and support strategies.

Methods: This qualitative study, guided by critical social theory, emphasized balancing power dynamics and fostering equal participation to ensure all voices are heard, challenging traditional hierarchies and promoting inclusivity.

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Knowing mechanisms that facilitate the emergence of post-glacial ecosystems is urgently required given rapid recent glacial retreat in high latitude and high elevation regions. We examined the effect of nutrient hotspots created via communal dung deposition by wild, native Andean camelids on soil abiotic and biotic properties and plant cover in the rapidly deglaciating Cordillera Vilcanota, southeastern Peru. Animal-modified proglacial soils were significantly enriched in all measured edaphic properties compared to reference glacial-till soils of the same age adjacent to animal-modified soil patches.

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Quenching peroxynitrite (a reactive oxidant species) is a vital process in biological systems and environmental chemistry as it maintains redox balance and mitigates damaging effects in living cells and the environment. In this study, we report a systematic analysis of the mechanism of transforming peroxynitrite into nitrate using diaryl selenide in water. Through quantum mechanical calculations, we investigate the dynamic isomerization of peroxynitrite in a homogeneous catalytic environment.

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Extending Fundamental Cause Theory to Holistic Health.

Sociol Health Illn

January 2025

Center for Public Policy and Health, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA.

Fundamental Cause Theory (FCT) offers a unique middle range and longitudinal understanding of the lasting social causational relationships between certain social conditions and disease/death. In this research note, I argue that FCT should extend its outcome measures beyond physical disease and death into holistic health. I briefly review how FCT is evaluated, explore the proposed extension and discuss some operational and conceptual challenges using mental illness and positive mental health outcomes as exemplars.

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Recent years have witnessed the remarkable progress of deep learning within the realm of scientific disciplines, yielding a wealth of promising outcomes. A prominent challenge within this domain has been the task of predicting enzyme function, a complex problem that has seen the development of numerous computational methods, particularly those rooted in deep learning techniques. However, the majority of these methods have primarily focused on either amino acid sequence data or protein structure data, neglecting the potential synergy of combining both modalities.

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Low field electrocaloric effect at isotropic-ferroelectric nematic phase transition.

Soft Matter

December 2024

Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA.

Electrocaloric effects (ECE) in solid state materials, such as ferroelectric ceramics and ferroelectric polymers, have a great impact in developing cooling systems. Herein, we describe the ECE of a newly synthesized ferroelectric nematic liquid crystal compound at the isotropic-ferroelectric nematic (I-N) phase transition. While the Joule heat completely suppressed the ECE in a DC field, in an AC field with < 1.

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Self-Assembled Metal Complexes in Biomedical Research.

Adv Mater

December 2024

Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China.

Cisplatin is widely used in clinical cancer treatment; however, its application is often hindered by severe side effects, particularly inherent or acquired resistance of target cells. To address these challenges, an effective strategy is to modify the metal core of the complex and introduce alternative coordination modes or valence states, leading to the development of a series of metal complexes, such as platinum (IV) prodrugs and cyclometalated complexes. Recent advances in nanotechnology have facilitated the development of multifunctional nanomaterials that can selectively deliver drugs to tumor cells, thereby overcoming the pharmacological limitations of metal-based drugs.

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Design of Chemoresponsive Liquid Crystals Using Metal-Coordinating Polymer Surfaces.

ACS Appl Mater Interfaces

January 2025

Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States.

Liquid crystals (LCs), when interfaced with chemically functionalized surfaces, can amplify a range of chemical and physical transformations into optical outputs. While metal cation-binding sites on surfaces have been shown to provide a basis for the design of chemoresponsive LCs, the cations have been found to dissociate from the surfaces and dissolve slowly into LCs, resulting in time-dependent changes in the properties of LC-solid interfaces (which impacts the reliability of devices incorporating such surfaces). Here, we explore the use of surfaces comprising metal-coordinating polymers to minimize the dissolution of metal cations into LCs and characterize the impact of the interfacial environment created by the coordinating polymer on the ordering and time-dependent properties of LCs.

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Platinum-coated Janus colloids exhibit self-propelled motion in aqueous solution via the catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. Here, we report their motion in a uniformly aligned nematic phase of lyotropic chromonic liquid crystal, disodium cromoglycate (DSCG). When active Janus colloids are placed in DSCG, we find that the anisotropy of the liquid crystal imposes a strong sense of direction to their motion; the Janus colloids tend to move parallel to the nematic director.

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A Concise Review on Porous Adsorbents for Benzene and Other Volatile Organic Compounds.

Molecules

November 2024

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry & Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA.

Emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as benzene, toluene, xylene, styrene, hexane, tetrachloroethylene, acetone, acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, isopropanol, etc., increase dramatically with accelerated industrialization and economic growth. Most VOCs cause serious environmental pollution and threaten human health due to their toxic and carcinogenic nature.

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The dynamics of swimming bacteria depend on the properties of their habitat media. Recently it is shown that the motion of swimming bacteria dispersed directly in a non-toxic water-based lyotropic chromonic liquid crystal can be controlled by the director field of the liquid crystal. Here, we investigate whether the macroscopic polar order of a ferroelectric nematic liquid crystal (N) can be recognized by bacteria B.

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Rising child welfare costs and a desire to keep kids out of the system have encouraged the use of kinship care-of which custodial grandparents make up the majority of caregivers. Unfortunately, custodial grandparents report greater needs for social and emotional support to successfully care for their grandchildren. Yet, the resources required to provide preventive social-emotional support to these families are unknown.

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The Application of Augmented Reality in Simulation-Based Design Evaluations of Trauma Rooms.

HERD

January 2025

Healthcare Design Program, College of Architecture and Environmental Design, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA.

Purpose: This study examined the augmented reality (AR) application in design evaluations through an immersive experience of medical task simulations in combination with a full-scale physical mock-up of a trauma room.

Background: Augmented reality technology is emerging in various fields including architectural design. Traditionally, building physical mock-ups has been the most effective tool to involve end-users in design evaluations.

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Purpose: Lack of knowledge contributes to disparate outcomes among Americans with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study assessed the impact of an educational intervention on disease knowledge and management in Black Americans with asthma or COPD.

Design: Pre-post study design with 9-month follow-up.

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Early human collective practices and symbolism in the Early Upper Paleolithic of Southwest Asia.

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

December 2024

The Shmunis Family Anthropology Institute, Dan David Center for Human Evolution and Biohistory Research, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.

Article Synopsis
  • Identifying Paleolithic communal rituals helps understand group identity and cohesion.
  • Evidence shows that collective rituals took place in Manot Cave during the Early Upper Paleolithic, centered around an engraved boulder resembling a tortoise.
  • Analyses of artifacts and cave acoustics indicate fire was used for illumination, and the site was ideal for gatherings, stressing its role in social networking among EUP communities.
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The literature does not adequately examine the relationship between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and risk in handgrip strength (HGS) among community-dwelling older adults in India. The study aimed to investigate this relationship, considering sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical variables. A cross-sectional study involving 31,001 individuals aged ≥60 assessed HGS in kilograms using a handheld Smedley Hand Dynamometer and self-reported CVD status.

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Designing and Delivering a Poetry Workshop for Clinician Well-Being During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study.

J Pain Symptom Manage

December 2024

Division of Palliative Medicine (S.R., B.W.), Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA. Electronic address:

Context: Facilitated poetry writing workshops are used in healthcare settings as a therapeutic approach to address stressful factors that negatively influence clinician well-being. However, owing to the novelty of this intervention and a tendency to combine poetry with other types of narrative-based techniques, proponents of poetic medicine are calling for harmonization across programs in the US. This would facilitate the study of poetry in medicine and the multiple facets of well-being it is said to promote.

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