Rogue versus chromothriptic cell as biomarker of cancer.

New molecular cytogenetic biomarkers may significantly contribute to biodosimetry, whose application is still globally diverse and not fully standardized. In 2011, a new term, chromothripsis, was introduced raising great interest among researchers and soon motivating further investigations of the phenomenon. Chromothripsis is described as a single event in which one or more chromosomes go through severe DNA damage very much resembling rogue cells (RC) described more than 50 years ago.

Study of the Potential of the Capsule Shell Based on Natural Polysaccharides in Targeted Delivery of the L-Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase Enzyme Preparation.

The treatment of classical phenylketonuria is currently represented by many new methods of disease management. A promising method is the use of the enzyme L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) in various forms. The widespread use of enzyme preparations in therapy is limited by a lack of understanding of the mechanisms and systems of the targeted transport of PAL into certain organs and tissues as a result of the incorporation of a drug into the carrier.

Genes and Eating Preferences, Their Roles in Personalized Nutrition.

At present, personalized diets, which take into account consumer genetic characteristics, are growing popular. Nutrigenetics studies the effect of gene variations on metabolism and nutrigenomics, which branches off further and investigates how nutrients and food compounds affect genes. This work deals with the mutations affecting the assimilation of metabolites, contributing to nutrigenetic studies.

Synthesis of Samarium OxysulfateSmOSO in the High-Temperature Oxidation Reaction and Its Structural, Thermal and Luminescent Properties.

The oxidation process of samariumoxysulfide was studied in the temperature range of 500-1000 °C. Our DTA investigation allowed for establishing the main thermodynamic (∆Hº = -654.6 kJ/mol) and kinetic characteristics of the process (E = 244 kJ/mol, A = 2 × 10).

Schwartz Value Clusters in Modern University Students.

People differ in their value hierarchies, i.e., in the importance they attach to basic personal values.

Participation of Free-Radical Processes in Structural and Metabolic Disturbances in the Lung Tissues Caused by Exposure to Coal-Rock Dust and their Adaptogenic Correction.

Adaptive correction of structural and metabolic disturbances in the lungs caused by longterm exposure to coal-rock dust were studied in experiments on rats. It was shown that the complex antioxidant preparation containing dihydroquercetin compensated disturbances in the redox balance in the lung tissue, prevented the formation of dust granulomas, and reduced the severity of degenerative changes in the bronchopulmonary system.

Plants of the Russian Federation pharmacopeia: an unexhausted natural products research opportunity?

32 medicinal plants that are unique to the Russian Pharmacopeia have 693 isolated natural products associated with them (an average of 21.66 compounds per plant). This is in contrast to the US Pharmacopeia plants that have delivered 2366 known natural products (an average of 42.

The effect of postharvest ultraviolet irradiation on the content of antioxidant compounds and the activity of antioxidant enzymes in tomato.

The effect of different doses of long-wavelength UV-A (320 nm-400nm) irradiation on physicochemical and antioxidant characteristics of tomatoes grown on the territory of the Russian Federation was studied. The obtained results show that this kind of processing does not cause deterioration of qualitative parameters of vegetables (texture, color, soluble solids content, titratable acidity). It was established that the total content of phenolic compounds, carotenoids and flavonoids increases (p-value<0.

Physicochemical properties of L- and DL-valine: first-principles calculations.

At present, physicochemical properties of amino acid molecular crystals are of the utmost interest. The compounds where molecules have different chirality are the focus of particular interest. This paper, presents a study on the structural and electronic properties of crystalline L- and DL-valine within the framework of density functional theory including van der Waals interactions.

The effectiveness of plant hydrocolloids at maintaining the quality characteristics of the encapsulated form of L-phenylalanine-ammonia-lyase.

The effect of three types of polysaccharides (agar-agar, carrageenan, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose) on the activity and stability during storage at given temperature conditions of the enzyme preparation L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase was studied. It was found that the most suitable storage temperature for encapsulated L-phenylalanine-ammonia-lyase is room temperature up to 25 °C for all samples of capsules from plant polysaccharides. Samples of capsules with agar-agar and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose under different temperature conditions inhibited the decrease in enzyme activity, which in other samples of capsules reached 90% in 6 months of storage.

The Effect of Metal Film Thickness on Ignition of Organic Explosives with a Laser Pulse.

The results of numerical ignition simulation of pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN), cyclotrimethylene trinitramine (RDX), cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (HMX) and 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) by aluminium (Al) and molybdenum (Mo) films heated by nanosecond laser pulses in a three-layer system: glass-metal-explosive material (EM) are presented. Influence of metal film thickness on the time of EM ignition delay was considered. A non-linier dependence of time of delay of ignition of EM from thickness of a metal film is shown.

Spirocyclic Motifs in Natural Products.

Spirocyclic motifs are emerging privileged structures for drug discovery. They are also omnipresent in the natural products domain. However, until today, no attempt to analyze the structural diversity of various spirocyclic motifs occurring in natural products and their relative populations with unique compounds reported in the literature has been undertaken.

Geographical distribution and hosts of the cestode Paranoplocephala omphalodes (Hermann, 1783) Lühe, 1910 in Russia and adjacent territories.

Paranoplocephala omphalodes is a widespread parasite of voles. Low morphological variability within the genus Paranoplocephala has led to erroneous identification of P. omphalodes a wide range of definitive hosts.

Polymorphisms in DNA repair genes in lung cancer patients living in a coal-mining region.

Air pollutants and ionizing radiation are well-known carcinogens involved in the pathogenesis of lung cancer, and residents of coal-mining regions are exposed routinely to these agents. Polymorphisms in DNA repair genes may be associated with an increased risk of malignant transformation. We investigated associations between the risk of lung cancer in residents of the coal-mining region and polymorphisms in the genes APEX1 (rs1130409), hOGG1 (rs1052133), XRCC1 (rs25489, rs25487), XRCC2 (rs3218536), XRCC3 (rs861539), ADPRT/PARP1 (rs1136410), XPD/ERCC2 (rs13181), XPG/ERCC5 (rs17655), XPC (rs2228001), ATM (rs1801516), and NBS1 (rs1805794).

[Computer-assisted simulation of haemodynamic parameters of carotid artery bifurcation after carotid endarterectomy].

Computer-aided simulation appropriately using the method of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) makes it possible to determine the elevated-risk zones of most probable formation of restenosis. The main idea of the method described in our article consists in a possibility of creating by the model of the geometrical shape of the vessel and characteristics of the flow at inlets and outlets the parameters of flow in each point of a vessel. The curves of velocity are used to create the curves of pressure at inlets and outlets, which are used in a CFD model.

Idiotypic and anti-idiotypic antibodies against polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in human blood serum are new biomarkers of lung cancer.

Evaluation of epidemiologic risk factor in relation to lung cancer invoked by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons has been inconsistent. To address this issue, we conducted a prospective evaluation of new biomarkers for lung cancer classified according levels of idiotypic and anti-idiotypic antibodies against polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in human blood serum. The blood serums of 557 lung cancer patients and 227 healthy donors were analysis of these antibodies by ELISA.

The formation of human populations in South and Central Asia.

By sequencing 523 ancient humans, we show that the primary source of ancestry in modern South Asians is a prehistoric genetic gradient between people related to early hunter-gatherers of Iran and Southeast Asia. After the Indus Valley Civilization's decline, its people mixed with individuals in the southeast to form one of the two main ancestral populations of South Asia, whose direct descendants live in southern India. Simultaneously, they mixed with descendants of Steppe pastoralists who, starting around 4000 years ago, spread via Central Asia to form the other main ancestral population.

Identification and quantification of phenolic compounds of Western Siberia in different regions.

The potential of phenolic compounds of medicinal plants including is determined by but not limited to their antioxidant activity. Their anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and other useful properties are known, which allows using these phytochemicals within preventive activities to reduce the risk of many serious diseases. Chromatographic analysis of the biomaterial from the plant samples collected in three regions of the Kemerovo region (Western Siberia, Russia) established the presence of compounds of flavonols (isorhamnetin glucoside, kaempferol glucoside), flavones (apigenin 7-glucoside), phenylpropanoids (chlorogenic acid) in the aerial part of plants.

[Investigation of the chemical composition of fruit and berry raw materials of the Far Eastern Region as a perspective source of nutrients and bioactive compounds].

The Far Eastern region is rich in fruit and berry raw materials with a high content of bioactive substances. of the work is to study the chemical composition of wild berries of the Amur region of the Far Eastern region. .

The nature of the chemical bond in oxyanionic crystals based on QTAIM topological analysis of electron densities.

The nature of the chemical bond in 31 oxyanionic crystals was analyzed using calculations and quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM). The QTAIM topological analysis of the calculated electron densities in oxyanionic crystals revealed that some of the metal-oxygen, metal⋯metal, metal-ligand and hydrogen bonds are partly covalent in nature. The covalency criteria for metal-oxygen and hydrogen bonds based on electron densities at the bond critical points were obtained.

[The genetic diagnostics of mutations UGT1A1 in practice of modern medicine.].

The detection of mutations of the gene of UDF-glucuronyltransferase A1 (UGT1A1) has an important practical value. The carriers of mutant genotypes, mainly *28/*28, are characterized by a reduced function of glucuronidation and excretion of a number of endogenous and exogenous toxins. A precise association of particular forms of benign hyperbilirubinemia (especially Gilbert's syndrome) with mutations in promoter and exonic areas of UGT1A1 is established.

[Research of a psychoemotional condition of the elderly people having the confirmed oncological diagnosis.].

The article presents results of research evaluating psychoemotional condition of patients with the malignant tumour diagnosis both single and having their family's support. The research results showed the difference in mood, health and general activity, situational anxiety and aggression. The received results can be considered when preparing elderly patients for operation and during the post operational period for the purpose of psychological maintenance and minimization of complications.

Nicotinic acid in nanocontainers. Encapsulation and release from ion exchangers.

The paper is devoted to the study of the ion exchange encapsulation of nicotinic acid in nanocontainers on polymer matrices. Dowex-50 cation exchanger, sulphonated polymer based on metacyclophanoctol, polymer zirconium phosphate, and strongly basic Dowex-1 anion exchanger are used as polymer matrices. It was confirmed that commercial ion exchangers can encapsulate up to 0.

Size-Dependent Ability of Liposomes to Accumulate in the Ischemic Myocardium and Protect the Heart.

Liposomes have the potential to be used for drug delivery. Meanwhile, liposome size may affect their accumulation in the target tissue. We investigated the myocardial accumulation of 2 populations of liposomes (∼70 and 110 nm diameter) during ischemia and their effect on ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Induction and modulation of genotoxicity by the bacteriome in mammals.

The living environment is a multilevel physical and chemical xenobiotic complex with potentially mutagenic effects and health risks. In addition to inorganic exposures, all terrestrial and aquatic living forms interact with microbiota as selectively established communities of bacteria, viruses and fungi. Along these lines, the human organism should then be considered a "meta-organism" with complex dynamics of interaction between the environment and microbiome.