1,596 results match your criteria: "Keloid and Hypertrophic Scar"

Background The processes of wound healing and scar formation are complex phenomena that are determined by an intricate interplay of molecules and cells. A deviation from the anticipated trajectory of scarring can lead to the formation of hypertrophic scars and keloids. A wide range of therapeutic methodologies have been employed in the treatment of scars.

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Laser Therapy in Hypertrophic and Keloid Scars: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.

Aesthetic Plast Surg

October 2024

Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 110 Francis Street Suite 5A, Boston, USA.

Background: Laser therapy has emerged as a promising treatment modality for improving the appearance and symptoms associated with hypertrophic and keloid scars. In this network meta-analysis, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of different laser types in treating hypertrophic and keloid scars.

Methods: A comprehensive search of four databases was conducted to identify relevant studies published up until July 2023.

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Advances in laser therapies for the scar.

Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban

February 2024

Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou Guangdong 515000.

Article Synopsis
  • Scars are categorized into five types: superficial, hypertrophic, atrophic, depressed, and keloid, all linked to abnormal fibroblast and collagen production.
  • Laser treatment has become a popular minimally invasive option but the exact mechanisms of scar formation are still not fully understood.
  • Recent advances in laser technology and treatment approaches suggest a need for combining new materials and postoperative care for better outcomes in scar treatment.*
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Pathological scars (PS), including hypertrophic scars (HTS) and keloids, are a common complication of poor wound healing that significantly affects patients' quality of life. Currently, there are several treatment options for PS, including surgery, drug therapy, radiation therapy, and biological therapy. However, these treatments still face major challenges such as low efficacy, high side effects, and a high risk of recurrence.

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Surgical pearl: Modified hypodermic needle and its cap for guarded prick incision.

J Cutan Aesthet Surg

January 2024

Consultant Dermatologist, Mukhtar Skin Centre, Katihar, Bihar, India.

There are many instruments to prick the comedone before its extraction and scalp during hair transplantation. These instruments are not well guarded, and it can cause deep injury and fear in the patients. Here we described how to guard these needle for safety during procedure.

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Pharmacotherapy for Keloids and Hypertrophic Scars.

Int J Mol Sci

April 2024

Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Hiroshima International University, Higashi-Hiroshima 731-2631, Japan.

Keloids (KD) and hypertrophic scars (HTS), which are quite raised and pigmented and have increased vascularization and cellularity, are formed due to the impaired healing process of cutaneous injuries in some individuals having family history and genetic factors. These scars decrease the quality of life (QOL) of patients greatly, due to the pain, itching, contracture, cosmetic problems, and so on, depending on the location of the scars. Treatment/prevention that will satisfy patients' QOL is still under development.

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Background: Our study aims to delineate the miRSNP-microRNA-gene-pathway interactions in the context of hypertrophic scars (HS) and keloids.

Materials And Methods: We performed a computational biology study involving differential expression analysis to identify genes and their mRNAs in HS and keloid tissues compared to normal skin, identifying key hub genes and enriching their functional roles, comprehensively analyzing microRNA-target genes and related signaling pathways through bioinformatics, identifying MiRSNPs, and constructing a pathway-based network to illustrate miRSNP-miRNA-gene-signaling pathway interactions.

Results: Our results revealed a total of 429 hub genes, with a strong enrichment in signaling pathways related to proteoglycans in cancer, focal adhesion, TGF-β, PI3K/Akt, and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance.

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Keloids represent a prevalent dermal fibroproliferative disorder. They only affect humans and exhibit several tumor characteristics, such as excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, which usually occurs after skin injury. Kreotoxin type A (KTA) can inhibit the release of acetylcholine, and thereby inhibit the proliferation of keloid fibroblasts and reducing the formation of scars.

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[Research advances on the role of aerobic glycolysis in skin fibrosis diseases].

Zhonghua Shao Shang Yu Chuang Mian Xiu Fu Za Zhi

April 2024

Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Burn Center of PLA, the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.

Skin fibrosis diseases mainly include hypertrophic scar, keloid, and systemic sclerosis, etc. The main pathological features are excessive activation of fibroblasts and abnormal deposition of extracellular matrix. In recent years, studies have shown that aerobic glycolysis is closely related to the occurrence and development of skin fibrosis diseases.

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Myofibroma of the pinna: a case report and review of the literature.

Surg Case Rep

April 2024

Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, NYU Langone Health, 240 East 38th Street, Fourteenth Floor, New York, NY, 10016, USA.

Background: Myofibromas are rare mesenchymal tumors with a predilection for the head, neck, and oral cavity. Primarily affecting infants and young children, these tumors typically manifest as superficial painless nodules. Diagnosis is confirmed through histopathological examination of a biopsy, revealing nodules characterized by spindle cell proliferation.

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Effect of a topical silicone gel and a polyurethane dressing on the evolution of scars.

Enferm Clin (Engl Ed)

September 2024

Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia, Plataforma de Investigación Clínica, San Sebastián, Spain.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness and safety of a topical silicone gel (BE + Gel reductor y reparador de cicatrices) and a polyurethane dressing (BE + Apósito reductor y reparador de cicatrices) on the evolution of scars of patients who were previously recruited in the emergency care unit while seeking wound care.

Method: A single center, stratified observational, open label study was performed in the emergency care unit of Donostia Universitary Hospital (recruitment) and in the Biodonostia Health Research Institute (intervention). Scars located in unexposed body areas with the dressing, and scars located in exposed areas with either the gel or the dressing.

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Keloids are characterized by abnormal wound healing with excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix. Myofibroblasts are the primary contributor to extracellular matrix secretion, playing an essential role in the wound healing process. However, the differences between myofibroblasts involved in keloid formation and normal wound healing remain unclear.

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Effective keloid management using a combinatorial continuous-wave and repeat fractionated ablative CO laser regimen.

J Cosmet Dermatol

April 2024

Plastic Surgeon, Clínica Dermatológica y Cirugía Estética de Puebla, Bella Vista, Puebla, 72500, Puebla, Mexico.

Background: Keloids are benign proliferative scars that form as a result of dysregulated growth and collagen deposition in response to cutaneous injury. Laser therapies have emerged as promising options for the treatment of keloids, with performance varying by laser type and lesion characteristics.

Purpose: To assess the combined continuous wave and repetitive fractionated CO laser treatment of keloids.

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Keloid are a fibroproliferative disorder caused by abnormal healing of skin, specifically reticular dermis, when subjected to pathological or inflammatory scars demonstrating redness, elevation above the skin surface, extension beyond the original wound margins and resulting in an unappealing cosmetic appearance. The severity of keloids and risk of developing keloids scars are subjected to elevation by other contributing factors such as systemic diseases, general health conditions, genetic disorders, lifestyle and natural environment. In particular, recently, daily physical work interpreted into mechanical force as well as the interplay between mechanical factors such as stress, strain and stiffness have been reported to strongly modulate the cellular behaviour of keloid formation, affect their location and shape in keloids.

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Objective: Keloids and hypertrophic scars are benign fibroproliferative lesions that occur as a result of skin injury. Postoperative radiation therapy is used to reduce the recurrence rate because of the high recurrence rate with surgical treatment alone. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for recurrence after postoperative electron beam radiotherapy.

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Article Synopsis
  • Bowen's disease (BD) is a precancerous condition that often requires combination treatments due to high recurrence rates; this study investigates a specific combination therapy using CO laser ablation, manual dermabrasion, and intralesional 5-FU injections.
  • Conducted on 29 untreated BD patients, the study found a high cure rate of 96.6%, though some complications like scarring and infections were noted.
  • The researchers concluded that this combination therapy is effective and safe for treating BD, but acknowledged limitations such as the small sample size and lack of a control group.
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Background: The assessment of scar outcomes is important to both patient care and research focused on understanding the results of medical and surgical interventions. The Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) and Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) are validated and simple instruments to assess scars. However, these subjective scales have shortcomings.

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Pathologic scarring occurs secondary to imbalances in the cellular mechanisms of wound healing and affects millions of people annually. This review article aims to provide a concise overview of the pathophysiology and management of pathologic scarring for clinicians and scientists alike. Contemporary research in the field has identified aberrations in transforming growth factor-β/small mothers against decapentaplegic (TGF-β/SMAD) signaling pathways as key drivers of pathologic scar formation; indeed, this pathway is targeted by many treatment modalities and translational investigations currently underway.

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Screening and Phasewise Management of Burn Injuries.

Cureus

February 2024

Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND.

Thermal, electrical, chemical, or electromagnetic radiation can cause painful wounds or burns. Spilling hot liquids onto the skin can also cause these kinds of injuries. The two biggest factors contributing to burn injuries in the elderly are smoking and exposure to open flames, while scalding is the primary cause of burn damage in children.

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The regulatory role of the apelin/APJ axis in scarring: Identification of upstream and downstream mechanisms.

Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis

April 2024

Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Second Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, China; School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China. Electronic address:

Scarring, a prevalent issue in clinical settings, is characterized by the excessive generation of extracellular matrix within the skin tissue. Among the numerous regulatory factors implicated in fibrosis across various organs, the apelin/APJ axis has emerged as a potential regulator of fibrosis. Given the shared attribute of heightened extracellular matrix production between organ fibrosis and scarring, we hypothesize that the apelin/APJ axis also plays a regulatory role in scar development.

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Exosomes: The emerging mechanisms and potential clinical applications in dermatology.

Int J Biol Sci

March 2024

Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.

Skin tissue, composed of epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue, is the largest organ of the human body. It serves as a protective barrier against pathogens and physical trauma and plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis. Skin diseases, such as psoriasis, dermatitis, and vitiligo, are prevalent and can seriously impact the quality of patient life.

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Unveiling the language of scars: A patient-centric themed framework for comprehensive scar morphology.

Burns

June 2024

Consultant Surgeon in Private Practice, UK; University College London, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, UK; Royal Free Hospital Hampstead, UK.

Background: Scarring, a pervasive issue spanning across medical disciplines, lacks a comprehensive terminology for effective communication, patient engagement, and outcome assessment. Existing scar classification systems are constrained by specific pathologies, physician-centric features, and inadequately account for emerging technologies. This study refrains from proposing yet another classification system and instead revisits the foundational language of scar morphology through a theme analysis of primary patient complaints.

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Keloids seem to overexpress cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2), suggesting a role in its deregulated pathway in inducing an altered epithelial-mesenchymal interaction, which may be responsible for the overgrowth of dermal components resulting in scars or keloid lesions. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Parecoxib, a COX-2 inhibitor, on cell growth in fibroblast primary cultures obtained from human keloid tissues. Tissue explants were obtained from patients who underwent intralesional excision of untreated keloids; central fractions were isolated from keloid tissues and used for establishing distinct primary cultures.

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Keloids are transcriptionally distinct from normal and hypertrophic scars.

Eur J Dermatol

December 2023

Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (MUM), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximillians-University (LMU), Frauenhoferstr. 12, 80336 Munich, Germany, Clinic of Hand Surgery, Helios Klinikum München West, Steinerweg 5, 81241 Munich, Germany.

Wound healing and skin regeneration after injury are complex biological processes, and deep injuries with a high degree of tissue destruction may result in severe scar formation. Clinically, scars can be classified into normal, hypertrophic and keloid scars. However, the molecular signature of each scar type is currently not known.

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