A-kinase anchor protein 12 promotes oligodendrogenesis and cognitive recovery in carbon monoxide therapy for traumatic brain injury.

Therapeutic drug development for central nervous system injuries, such as traumatic brain injury (TBI), presents significant challenges. TBI results in primary mechanical damage followed by secondary injury, leading to cognitive dysfunction and memory loss. Our recent study demonstrated the potential of carbon monoxide-releasing molecules (CORMs) to improve TBI recovery by enhancing neurogenesis.

Development of Novel Fluticasone/Salmeterol/Tiotropium-Loaded Dry Powder Inhaler and Bioequivalence Assessment to Commercial Products in Rats.

/: Inhaler devices have been developed for the effective delivery of inhaled medications used in the treatment of pulmonary diseases. However, differing operating procedures across the devices can lead to user errors and reduce treatment efficacy, especially when patients use multiple devices simultaneously. To address this, we developed a novel dry powder inhaler (DPI), combining fluticasone propionate (FP), salmeterol xinafoate (SX), and tiotropium bromide (TB) into a single device designed for bioequivalent delivery compared to existing commercial products in an animal model.

High Fixation Failure Rate of Cephalomedullary Nail Fixation in Patients with Low-Energy Basicervical Femoral Fractures: Do We Need Extramedullary Reduction?

A basicervical femoral fracture is a relatively uncommon type of proximal femoral fracture. However, as the proportion of proximal femoral fractures rises in conjunction with the aging of society, the absolute number of patients with basicervical femoral fractures is also increasing. Nevertheless, the optimal surgical methods for the treatment of basicervical femoral fractures remain a topic of debate.

A Machine Learning-Based Radiomics Model for the Differential Diagnosis of Benign and Malignant Thyroid Nodules in F-18 FDG PET/CT: External Validation in the Different Scanner.

Background/objectives: Accurate diagnosis is essential to avoid unnecessary procedures for thyroid incidentalomas (TIs). Advances in radiomics and machine learning applied to medical imaging offer promise for assessing thyroid nodules. This study utilized radiomics analysis on F-18 FDG PET/CT to improve preoperative differential diagnosis of TIs.

Diabetes Prediction Through Linkage of Causal Discovery and Inference Model with Machine Learning Models.

: Diabetes is a dangerous disease that is accompanied by various complications, including cardiovascular disease. As the global diabetes population continues to increase, it is crucial to identify its causes. Therefore, we predicted diabetes using an AI model and quantitatively examined causal relationships using a causal discovery and inference model.

Mealworm-Derived Protein Hydrolysates Enhance Adipogenic Differentiation via Mitotic Clonal Expansion in 3T3-L1 Cells.

Adipocytes secrete adipokines, bioactive molecules crucial for various physiological processes, such as enhancing insulin sensitivity, promoting wound healing, supporting hair growth, and exhibiting anti-aging effects on the skin. With the growing global demand for sustainable and alternative protein sources, insect-derived proteins, particularly from (mealworms), have gained attention due to their high nutritional value and functional bioactivities. This study aims to explore the potential of mealworm-derived protein hydrolysates as novel bioactive materials for promoting adipogenesis and improving adipokine expression, with applications in metabolic health and skin regeneration.

Aetiology of chronic liver disease is a valuable factor for stratifying adverse outcomes of acute decompensation: prospective observational study.

Background/aims: Acute decompensation (AD) is defined as the development of complications related to portal hypertension and liver dysfunction that affect the progression of chronic liver disease (CLD) or liver cirrhosis (LC). Variations exist in patient demographics and prognostic outcomes of AD based on the aetiology of CLD, encompassing LC. However, limited research has been conducted to analyse these discrepancies across aetiologies.

Changes in computed tomography values and morphology of the condyle and glenoid fossa before and after orthognathic surgery in female jaw deformity patients.

This study aimed to investigate the computed tomography (CT) values and morphology of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), specifically the condyle and glenoid fossa, in female patients with jaw deformities before and after orthognathic surgery. The maximum CT values were measured on the condylar and glenoid fossa surfaces. In addition, the height, length, and area of the glenoid fossa in the sagittal plane were evaluated for the bilateral TMJs, preoperatively and one year postoperatively.

Personalized Risk Assessment for Taxane-Induced Hypersensitivity Reactions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Taxanes, including paclitaxel and docetaxel, are widely used in cancer treatment but frequently cause hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs), disrupting treatment continuity. This meta-analysis aimed to identify consistent risk factors for taxane-induced HSRs to support personalized risk assessments and optimize therapeutic outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the PRISMA guidelines and was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023476738).

Frequency and Risk Factors of Advanced Neoplasia in Korean Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients with Low-grade Dysplasia.

Background/aims: Studies on the clinical outcomes after detecting low-grade dysplasia (LGD) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are insufficient. This study evaluated the clinical features, frequency, and risk factors for advanced neoplasia in patients with IBD after an LGD diagnosis.

Methods: The medical records of 166 patients with IBD from six university hospitals in Korea from 2010 to 2019 were reviewed retrospectively.

Creating the 5A Nursing Response Model for the Emerging Pandemic: A Qualitative, Theory-Generating Study.

Aim: The aim of this qualitative exploratory study aimed was to explore how nurses experienced and responded to the COVID-19 pandemic crisis in clinical settings to develop a response model.

Design: Focus group interviews.

Methods: Thirteen focus group interviews (n = 50) with nurses and nurse leaders practicing in diverse clinical settings were conducted between May and July of 2021 in South Korea.

Sulfonic acid functionalized β-amyloid peptide aggregation inhibitors and antioxidant agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: Combining machine learning, computational, in vitro and in vivo approaches.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized as a neurodegenerative disorder that is caused by plaque formation by accumulating β-amyloid (Aβ), leading to neurocognitive function and impaired mental development. Thus, targeting Aβ represents a promising target for the development of therapeutics in AD management. Several functionalized sulfonic acid molecules have been reported, including tramiprosate prodrug, which is currently in clinical trial III and exhibits a good response in mild to moderate AD patients.

Drug-Coated Balloon-Based Treatment of Left Main True Bifurcation Lesion.

Background: There is a paucity of data regarding drug-coated balloon (DCB) treatment in the context of left main (LM) true bifurcation lesions.

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of DCB-based treatment for unprotected LM true bifurcation lesions.

Methods: A total of 39 patients with LM true bifurcation lesion (Medina: 1,1,1/0,1,1/1,0,1) who were successfully treated with DCB alone or in combination with drug-eluting stent (DES) were retrospectively enrolled into the DCB-based group.

Risk Factors for Progressive Disease After Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background: This study analyzed the clinical features of patients with recurrent or metastatic (R/M) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), who developed progressive disease (PD) after immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 256 patients with R/M HNSCC treated with ICIs at 11 medical centers. Associations between the treatment outcomes-best response, overall survival, and progression-free survival-and various clinical factors were analyzed.

The effect of text and graphic cue-based action observation on the working memory performance of novice badminton players.

Introduction: Understanding strategic situations is essential in sports. There has been relatively little research examining the effectiveness of action observation based on visual cues in strategic situations. This study investigated whether action observation with visual cues can help performers understand the strategic aspects of complex sports by analyzing the effect of text cue-based action observation and graphic cue-based action observation on the accuracy and speed of cognitive information processing in working memory.

Prognostic Value of Ambulatory Status at Transplant in Older Heart Transplant Recipients: Implications for Organ Allocation Policy.

Background: Shortage of organ donors in the Republic of Korea has become a major problem. To address this, it has been questioned whether heart transplant (HTx) allocation should be modified to reduce priority of older patients. We aimed to evaluate post-HTx outcomes according to recipient age and specific pre-HTx conditions using a nationwide prospective cohort.

Effect of Fasting Status on Association between Exposure to Phthalate and Phenolics, and Thyroid Hormones in Adult Women of Reproductive Age.

Diet is one of the important exposure sources for many urinary chemicals that have been investigated in association studies for thyroid hormone outcomes. For these chemicals, the fasting status of the study population can substantially affect the results of urinary biomonitoring. Such variability presents challenges for cross-sectional association studies, particularly when the substances of concern have short excretion half-lives.

Effectiveness of a blended (distance and in-person) simulation education program on advanced cardiac life support for nursing students using the PARTNER model.

Background: The incidence of acute cardiac arrest is increasing and is directly linked to patient survival, highlighting the critical role of nurses. Advanced nursing skills for cardiac arrest patients, such as self-directed pre-learning applied to various clinical situations, require a systematic blended learning approach to integrate knowledge and enhance clinical performance through face-to-face practice. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a blended simulation education program for Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) using the PARTNER model.

Cost burden of productivity loss due to sickness presenteeism among nurses in South Korea: A cross-sectional study.

Aim: This study aimed to estimate the annual cost burden of productivity loss due to sickness presenteeism among hospital nurses in South Korea.

Background: Despite nurses being potentially more vulnerable to presenteeism, few studies have analyzed nurses' productivity losses due to sickness presenteeism.

Methods: This cross-sectional study employed an online survey in January 2023 with 607 nurses working in general/tertiary hospitals in South Korea.

Pan-TRK positive uterine sarcoma in immunohistochemistry without neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase gene fusions: A case report.

Background: The classification of uterine sarcomas is based on distinctive morphological and immunophenotypic characteristics, increasingly supported by molecular genetic diagnostics. Data on neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase () gene fusion-positive uterine sarcoma, potentially aggressive and morphologically similar to fibrosarcoma, are limited due to its recent recognition. Pan-TRK immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis serves as an effective screening tool with high sensitivity and specificity for -fusion malignancies.

GX-188E DNA vaccine plus pembrolizumab in HPV 16- and/or 18-positive recurrent or advance cervical cancer: a phase 2 trial.

Background: In an interim analysis of this phase 2 trial, adding the GX-188E vaccine to pembrolizumab resulted in manageable toxicity with antitumor activities in patients with recurrent or advanced cervical cancer. Here, we report the final safety and efficacy results after a long-term follow-up at the study's completion.

Methods: This open-label, single-arm, phase II trial was conducted in nine hospitals in South Korea (ClinicalTrials.

Efficacy of transversus abdominis plane block in postoperative pain management of laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair: a propensity score-matched analysis.

Purpose: Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is a promising technique for postoperative pain control. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the TAP block in managing postoperative pain after laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal (TEP) inguinal hernia repair.

Methods: In this retrospective study, medical records of patients who had received ultrasonography-guided TAP blocks after surgery from January 2019 to August 2023 were reviewed and compared with those of patients who had not received.

Korean Gastric Cancer Association-Led Nationwide Survey on Surgically Treated Gastric Cancers in 2023.

Purpose: Since 1995, the Korean Gastric Cancer Association (KGCA) has been periodically conducting nationwide surveys on patients with surgically treated gastric cancer. This study details the results of the survey conducted in 2023.

Materials And Methods: The survey was conducted from March to December 2024 using a standardized case report form.

Reversible phase transition and tunable band gap in zinc telluride induced by acoustic shock exposure.

In this study, Zinc Telluride (ZnTe) was subjected to acoustic shock waves with a Mach number of 1.5, transient pressure of 0.59 MPa, and a temperature of 520 K to analyze its stability against shock wave impact.