Immediate Versus Staged Complete Revascularization for Patients With ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Multivessel Disease: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials.

Background: The comparative outcomes with immediate, staged in-hospital, and staged out-of-hospital complete revascularization for patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction and multivessel disease remain unclear.

Methods And Results: An electronic search of MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and Cochrane databases was performed through August 2023 for randomized trials evaluating immediate, staged in-hospital, and staged out-of-hospital complete revascularization for patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction and multivessel disease. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiac events (MACEs).

Assessment and management of allergic rhinitis: A review and evidence-informed approach for family medicine.

Allergic rhinitis is an inflammatory disorder affecting nasal mucosa in response to allergen exposure and is commonly assessed and managed in family medicine. In this article, we review new international guidelines on the diagnosis and management of allergic rhinitis and generate evidence-informed recommendations for family medicine doctors.

Impact of Chronic Kidney Disease on the Processes of Care and Long-Term Mortality of Non-ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Nationwide Cohort Study and Long-Term Follow-Up.

Background: A growing population of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) presents with non-ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction, although little is known about their longer-term mortality.

Methods And Results: Using the MINAP (Myocardial Ischaemia National Audit Project) registry, linked to Office for National Statistics mortality data, we analyzed 363 559 UK patients with non-ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction, with or without CKD. Cox regression models were fitted, adjusting for baseline demographics.

Correction: Virtual screening, identification and validation of small molecule GDP-mannose dehydrogenase inhibitors.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D3CB00126A.].

Impact of Neighborhood Social Deprivation on Delays to Access for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Wait-Times and Clinical Consequences.

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has become the standard of care for severe aortic stenosis treatment. Exponential growth in demand has led to prolonged wait times and adverse patient outcomes. Social marginalization may contribute to adverse outcomes.

Efficacy and safety of the new generation Watchman FLX device compared to the Watchman 2.5: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The first-generation Watchman 2.5 (W 2.5) presented several limitations, such as challenges in implantation within complex left atrial appendage (LAA) anatomies, higher incidence of peri-device leak, device recapture, and device-related thrombus (DRT).

Virtual screening, identification and validation of small molecule GDP-mannose dehydrogenase inhibitors.

Upon undergoing mucoid conversion within the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients, the pathogenic bacterium synthesises copious quantities of the virulence factor and exopolysaccharide alginate. The enzyme guanosine diphosphate mannose dehydrogenase (GMD) catalyses the rate-limiting step and irreversible formation of the alginate sugar nucleotide building block, guanosine diphosphate mannuronic acid. Since there is no corresponding enzyme in humans, strategies that could prevent its mechanism of action could open a pathway for new and selective inhibitors to disrupt bacterial alginate production.

Reverse thiophosphorylase activity of a glycoside phosphorylase in the synthesis of an unnatural Manβ1,4GlcNAc library.

β-Mannosides are ubiquitous in nature, with diverse roles in many biological processes. Notably, Manβ1,4GlcNAc a constituent of the core -glycan in eukaryotes was recently identified as an immune activator, highlighting its potential for use in immunotherapy. Despite their biological significance, the synthesis of β-mannosidic linkages remains one of the major challenges in glycoscience.

Impact of Social Vulnerability on Diabetes-Related Cardiovascular Mortality in the United States.

Background Social vulnerability impacts the natural history of diabetes as well as cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, there are little data regarding the social vulnerability association with diabetes-related CVD mortality. Methods and Results County-level mortality data (where CVD was the underlying cause of death with diabetes among the multiple causes) extracted from the Centers for Disease Control multiple cause of death (2015-2019) and the 2018 Social Vulnerability Index databases were aggregated into quartiles based on their Social Vulnerability Index ranking from the least (first quartile) to the most vulnerable (fourth quartile).

Common Cancer Types and Risk of Stroke and Bleeding in Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation: A Population-Based Study in England.

Background: The association between cancer and stroke or bleeding outcomes in atrial fibrillation is unclear. We sought to examine how certain types of cancer influence the balance between stroke and bleeding risk in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF).

Methods And Results: We estimated stroke and bleeding risk among adult patients with NVAF and certain types of cancer (breast, prostate, colorectal, lung, and hematological cancer) from 2009 to 2019 based on data from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink GOLD and Aurum databases.

Association Between Onset of Type 2 Diabetes and Risk of Atrial Fibrillation in New Zealanders With Impaired Glucose Tolerance Over 25 Years.

Background The association between the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and atrial fibrillation (AF) risk in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the incident onset of T2D and 5- and 10-year (after the landmark period) risks of AF in people with IGT identified in South and West Auckland primary care settings between 1994 and 2019. Methods and Results We compared AF risk in patients with IGT with and without newly diagnosed T2D within a 1- to 5-year exposure window.

Fine-tuning of the size of supramolecular nanotoroids suppresses the subsequent catenation of nano-[2]catenane.

A judicious combination of ring-closing supramolecular polymerization and secondary nucleation can hierarchically organize a diphenylnaphthalene barbiturate monomer bearing a 3,4,5-tri(dodecyloxy)benzyloxy unit into self-assembled nano-polycatenanes composed of nanotoroids. In our previous study, nano-polycatenanes of variable length have been formed uncontrollably from the monomer that provides nanotoroids with sufficiently wide inner void space wherein secondary nucleation is driven by non-specific solvophobic interaction. In this study, we found that the elongation of the alkyl chain length of the barbiturate monomer decreases the inner void space of nanotoroids while increasing the frequency of secondary nucleation.

Mental health and intentions to quit among nurses in Iran during COVID-19 Pandemic: A social identity approach.

The positive effects of social identification on mental health are well documented in the literature. However, most of this research has been conducted among small groups in WEIRD (Western Educated Industrialized Rich and Democratic Henrich, Heine, & Norenzayan, 2010, , , 61) settings. Understanding how social identity as a psychological source can improve resilience and welfare among frontline healthcare workers in non-WEIRD contexts can help to alleviate the negative impact of large-scale epidemics overall, especially in resource-poor settings and contribute towards improved welfare of key healthcare workers.

Association of Depression and Poor Mental Health With Cardiovascular Disease and Suboptimal Cardiovascular Health Among Young Adults in the United States.

Background Depression is a nontraditional risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Data on the association of depression and poor mental health with CVD and suboptimal cardiovascular health (CVH) among young adults are limited. Methods and Results We used data from 593 616 young adults (aged 18-49 years) from the 2017 to 2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a nationally representative survey of noninstitutionalized US adults.

Socioeconomic Factors and their Impact on Access and Use of Coronary and Structural Interventions.

In the past few decades, the accelerated improvement in technology has allowed the development of new and effective coronary and structural heart disease interventions. There has been inequitable patient access to these advanced therapies and significant disparities have affected patients from low socioeconomic positions. In the US, these disparities mostly affect women, black and hispanic communities who are overrepresented in low socioeconomic.

Using social media for patient and public involvement and engagement in health research: The process and impact of a closed Facebook group.

Background: As part of a multifaceted approach to patient and public involvement and engagement (PPIE), alongside traditional methods, a closed Facebook group was established to facilitate PPIE feedback on various aspects of a project that used video-recording to examine risk communication in NHS Health Checks between June 2017 and July 2019.

Objective: To explore the process and impact of conducting PPIE through a closed Facebook group and to identify the associated benefits and challenges.

Methods: Supported by reflections and information from project meetings used to document how this engagement informed the project, we describe the creation and maintenance of the Facebook Group and how feedback from the group members was obtained.

Differential Patterns and Outcomes of 20.6 Million Cardiovascular Emergency Department Encounters for Men and Women in the United States.

Background We describe sex-differential disease patterns and outcomes of >20.6 million cardiovascular emergency department encounters in the United States. Methods and Results We analyzed primary cardiovascular encounters from the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample between 2016 and 2018.

Assessing the Effectiveness of Bisphosphonates for the Prevention of Fragility Fractures: An Updated Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analyses.

Bisphosphonates have been found to be effective in preventing fragility fractures. However, their comparative effectiveness in populations at risk has yet to be defined. In light of recent clinical trials, we aimed to compare four bisphosphonates (alendronate, ibandronate, risedronate, and zoledronate) and to identify which are the most effective for the prevention of fragility fractures.

Financial Incentives for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation in Ontario, Canada: A Cost-Utility Analysis.

Background Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a minimally invasive therapy for patients with severe aortic stenosis, which has become standard of care. The objective of this study was to determine the maximum cost-effective investment in TAVI care that should be made at a health system level to meet quality indicator goals. Methods and Results We performed a cost-utility analysis using probabilistic patient-level simulation of TAVI care from the Ontario, Canada, Ministry of Health perspective.

Readmission after index hospital discharge among patients with COVID-19: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Hospital readmissions among COVID-19 patients have increased the load on the healthcare systems and added more pressure to hospital capacity. This affects the ability to accommodate newly diagnosed COVID-19 patients and other non-COVID-19 patients who require hospitalization. Therefore, this systematic review aims to understand the rates of and risk factors for hospital readmissions and all-cause mortality among COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized after being discharged following index hospitalization.