Association between pituitary adenoma consistency, resection techniques, and patient outcomes: a single-institution experience.

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the association between pituitary adenoma (PA) consistency and other measurable tumor characteristics, extent of resection (EOR), postoperative complications, and outcomes.

Methods: In total, 507 PA resections were intraoperatively assigned a consistency grade from 1 (cystic/hemorrhagic tumors) to 5 (calcified tumors) based on intraoperative tumor characteristics. Tumor consistency was analyzed in tertiles (grades 1 and 2, grade 3, and grades 4 and 5) to determine associations with tumor characteristics, EOR, recurrence, postoperative outcomes, and complications.

Mcl-1 is a Gatekeeper Molecule to Regulate the Crosstalk Between Ferroptotic Agent-Induced ER Stress and TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis.

We previously reported that ferroptosis interplays with apoptosis through the integration of two independent pathways: the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling pathway and the mitochondria-dependent apoptotic signaling pathway. In this study, we investigated a potential gatekeeper molecule, Mcl-1, between the two signal transduction pathways. Morphology studies and cell death analyses confirmed that a combination treatment of ferroptotic agent erastin (ERA) and apoptotic agent TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) synergistically enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma BxPC3 and human colorectal carcinoma HCT116 cells.

Length of hospital stay in adolescents receiving high-dose oral contraceptive pills with and without conjugated equine estrogen for the treatment of acute abnormal uterine bleeding.

Study Objective: Compare the length of hospital stay of adolescents admitted for severe anemia (hemoglobin ≤ 8 g/dL) due to acute abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) treated with high-dose combined oral contraceptive pills (HD-OCPs) versus those treated with HD-OCPs and intravenous conjugated equine estrogen, also referred to as dual therapy.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This is a single institution retrospective cohort study of adolescents hospitalized for the management of acute AUB and severe anemia between July 1, 2004, to January 1, 2020. Subjects were excluded if they were pregnant, had a malignancy, thrombocytopenia, treated with other hormonal therapies, or if bleeding stopped prior to admission.

Genetic ancestry superpopulations show distinct prevalence and outcomes across pediatric central nervous system tumors from the PBTA and PNOC.

Background: Central nervous system (CNS) tumors lead to cancer-related mortality in children. Genetic ancestry-associated cancer prevalence and outcomes have been studied, but is limited.

Methods: We performed genetic ancestry prediction in 1,452 pediatric patients with paired normal and tumor whole genome sequencing from the Open Pediatric Cancer (OpenPedCan) project to evaluate the influence of reported race and ethnicity and ancestry-based genetic superpopulations on tumor histology, molecular subtype, survival, and treatment.

Comparison of Postoperative Antibiotic Protocols for Pediatric Complicated Appendicitis: A Western Pediatric Surgery Research Consortium Study.

Background: There is no consensus on the appropriate duration of postoperative antibiotics for complicated appendicitis in children. Commonly used antibiotic endpoints include normalization of white blood cell count (WBC) or completion of a minimum number of prespecified treatment days. We compared clinical outcomes resulting from varying postoperative antibiotic protocols for complicated appendicitis in children.

The Impact of Contemporary Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists on the Onset, Severity, and Conversion to Arthroplasty in Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis.

Background: The growing popularity of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1-RAs) for weight loss could significantly impact joint preservation and arthroplasty. While this will in part be driven by the association between obesity, osteoarthritis (OA), and total joint arthroplasty (TJA), recent evidence also indicates that GLP-1-RAs may have direct joint-protective, anti-inflammatory effects.

Purpose: To evaluate the association between GLP-1-RA use and the onset and progression of hip and knee OA in an obese population.

Early Reinitiation of Obesity Pharmacotherapy Post Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy in Youth: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Bariatric surgery is the most effective intervention for severe pediatric obesity, but a subset of youth experience suboptimal weight loss and/or recurrent weight gain. Early re-initiation of obesity pharmacotherapy postoperatively may improve outcomes, though this has not been evaluated in pediatric populations.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study at a tertiary care children's hospital evaluated the safety and efficacy of reintroducing obesity pharmacotherapy within six weeks after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG).

Thoracic Surgery Outcomes Research Network (ThORN) Consensus Document on Defining a High Quality Wedge Resection for Early Stage Lung Cancer.

With the publication of CALGB 140503, an increase in wedge resections for small, peripheral non-small cell lung cancer is expected; however, a relative paucity of data exists as to what defines a high quality oncologic wedge resection. The Thoracic Surgery Outcomes Research Network (ThORN), through expert discussion, guided by review of what limited data does exist, and through use of a modified Delphi process, provides these consensus statements defining an oncologically sound, high quality wedge resection. The statements are classified into five categories: 1) Preoperative Considerations 2) Technical Aspects 3) Lymph Node Assessment 4) Margin Assessment and 5) Tissue Handling by Pathology.

The Scenic Route: Lingular Metastasectomy Through the Right Chest.

Metastasectomy for isolated pulmonary metastasis can improve disease-free and overall-survival in well-selected patients. When feasible, a minimally invasive wedge resection is the preferred approach. However, a hostile ipsilateral chest can hinder surgical resection.

Intraoperative FiO and risk of impaired postoperative oxygenation in lung resection: A propensity score-weighted analysis.

Study Objective: To assess whether, in a lung resection cohort with a low probability of confounding by indication, higher FiO is associated with an increased risk of impaired postoperative oxygenation - a clinical manifestation of lung injury/dysfunction.

Design: Pre-specified registry-based retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Two large academic hospitals in the United States.

Scholars in Health Equity: A Program of Structured Physician Faculty Development.

Background: Structured faculty development programs focused on integrating health equity into medical education curricula remain limited.

Aim: To describe an interdisciplinary faculty development program grounded in adult learning theory and to assess its impact on participants' professional growth.

Setting And Participants: Twenty-one faculty members across six academic-affiliated health systems.

Potential of ultrasound stimulation and sonogenetics in vision restoration: a narrative review.

Vision restoration presents a considerable challenge in the realm of regenerative medicine, while recent progress in ultrasound stimulation has displayed potential as a non-invasive therapeutic approach. This narrative review offers a comprehensive overview of current research on ultrasound-stimulated neuromodulation, emphasizing its potential as a treatment modality for various nerve injuries. By examining of the efficacy of different types of ultrasound stimulation in modulating peripheral and optic nerves, we can delve into their underlying molecular mechanisms.

Safety of open airway reconstruction in high-risk post-COVID patients: A case-matched control study.

Objectives: COVID-19 pneumonia patients may have high rates of intubation and reduced pulmonary function once recovered. Poor pulmonary function is a relative contraindication to open airway reconstruction, post-COVID patients may extrapolate as high-risk for open airway reconstruction. This presents challenges in airway stenosis management of post-COVID pneumonia patients.

The impact of insurance status on psoriasis patients' healthcare-seeking behavior: a population-based study in the United States.

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory skin condition requiring long-term care. However, many psoriasis patients may not regularly receive care. Several factors affect access to care in the United States, including health insurance status.

Sociodemographic Status Impacts Ambulatory Outcomes in Lower Extremity Flap Reconstruction.

Background:  There is a lack of literature regarding the effects of language barriers, socioeconomic status, racial disparities, and travel distance to the hospital on the outcomes of lower extremity (LE) flap reconstruction. Consequently, this study assesses the potential influence of these factors on ambulation within this specific patient demographic.

Methods:  A retrospective review was performed between 2007 and 2022 of patients who underwent LE reconstruction with tissue flap placement at a single institution.

The association between female sex and depression following traumatic brain injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

While women tend to experience more severe psychiatric and neurobehavioral symptoms following traumatic brain injury (TBI), the connection between sex and post-TBI depression remains poorly understood. To explore the potential association between sex and post-TBI depression, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis, including studies with participants who had no prior diagnosis of depression. Thirteen studies met the criteria for inclusion, collectively investigating a cohort of 449,471 individuals with TBI.

Cultivating diagnostic clarity: The importance of reporting artificial intelligence confidence levels in radiologic diagnoses.

Accurate image interpretation is essential in the field of radiology to the healthcare team in order to provide optimal patient care. This article discusses the use of artificial intelligence (AI) confidence levels to enhance the accuracy and dependability of its radiological diagnoses. The current advances in AI technologies have changed how radiologists and clinicians make the diagnoses of pathological conditions such as aneurysms, hemorrhages, pneumothorax, pneumoperitoneum, and particularly fractures.

A Review of Cardiovascular Effects of Marijuana Use.

Objective: Cannabinoids exert their effects on body tissues via cannabinoid 1 (CB 1 ) and cannabinoid 2 (CB 2 ) receptors. Receptors are present in brain, myocardium, vascular endothelium, platelets, and adipose tissues. Under normal physiologic conditions, endocannabinoid effects are minimal.

Single-port extra-peritoneal robotic radical prostatectomy in a patient with hostile abdomen.

This video explores the technique and outcomes of robotic radical prostatectomy (RP) using the da Vinci single-port robot in a 42-year-old obese male with localized intermediate-risk prostate cancer and a prior history of extensive abdominal surgeries. The patient was placed in a supine position, with minimal Trendelenburg, and an extraperitoneal approach was taken, the abdominal cavity was not entered, and standardized steps of robotic RP were executed. The surgery lasted 190 min and the blood loss was 100 mL.