229 results match your criteria: "Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California[Affiliation]"

Article Synopsis
  • Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) from distal medium vessel occlusions (DMVOs) is common, and while IV thrombolysis is standard, mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is becoming more prevalent for treatment.
  • A study reviewed data from 1708 DMVO patients treated with MT, finding that 8.7% experienced symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) and identified several risk factors, including older age, distal occlusion location, prior antiplatelet use, lower ASPECT scores, higher pre-op blood glucose, more passes during MT, and successful recanalization status.
  • Understanding these risk factors can help healthcare providers better assess and manage the risk of sICH in patients undergoing MT for DM
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Background: We aimed to investigate the association of characteristics of lenticulostriate artery (LSA) morphology and parental atheromatous disease (PAD) with single subcortical infarction (SSI) and to explore whether the LSA morphology is correlated with proximal plaque features in asymptomatic PAD.

Methods And Results: Patients with acute SSI were prospectively enrolled and classified as large- and small-SSI groups. The clinical data and imaging features of LSA morphology (branches, length, dilation, and tortuosity) and middle cerebral artery plaques (normalized wall index, remodeling index, enhancement degree, and hyperintense plaques) were evaluated.

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The placenta and fetal heart undergo development concurrently during early pregnancy, and, while human studies have reported associations between placental abnormalities and congenital heart disease (CHD), the nature of this relationship remains incompletely understood. Evidence from animal studies suggests a plausible cause and effect connection between placental abnormalities and fetal CHD. Biomechanical models demonstrate the influence of mechanical forces on cardiac development, whereas genetic models highlight the role of confined placental mutations that can cause some forms of CHD.

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Background: Despite its approval for acute ischemic stroke >25 years ago, intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) remains underused, with inequities by age, sex, race, ethnicity, and geography. Little is known about IVT rates by insurance status.

Methods And Results: We assessed temporal trends from 2002 to 2015 in IVT for acute ischemic stroke in the Nationwide Inpatient Sample using adjusted, surveyweighted logistic regression.

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Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a debilitating chronic inflammatory skin condition that typically requires consistent care. Contributory factors to why patients with HS miss their clinic appointments have not been investigated.

Objectives: This article seeks to characterise reasons that HS patients do not keep their appointments and identify strategies to minimise no-show rates and improve delivery of care to HS patients.

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Clinical and biological landscape of constitutional mismatch-repair deficiency syndrome: an International Replication Repair Deficiency Consortium cohort study.

Lancet Oncol

May 2024

Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Hematology and Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada. Electronic address:

Background: Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency (CMMRD) syndrome is a rare and aggressive cancer predisposition syndrome. Because a scarcity of data on this condition contributes to management challenges and poor outcomes, we aimed to describe the clinical spectrum, cancer biology, and impact of genetics on patient survival in CMMRD.

Methods: In this cohort study, we collected cross-sectional and longitudinal data on all patients with CMMRD, with no age limits, registered with the International Replication Repair Deficiency Consortium (IRRDC) across more than 50 countries.

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Article Synopsis
  • A study called MADRES focused on low-income Hispanic/Latina women in Los Angeles to explore how diet during pregnancy may help prevent hypertensive disorders, which affect this group more than others.
  • Researchers analyzed participants' diets in their third trimester and reviewed medical records for incidences of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia.
  • Results suggested that a diet high in solid fats, refined grains, and cheese increased the risk of hypertensive disorders, while a diet rich in vegetables, oils, and fruits appeared to lower the risk, especially in overweight women.
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Article Synopsis
  • This study explored how perceived stress from childhood to adulthood impacts cardiometabolic health in young adults, using data from 276 participants.
  • Participants were categorized based on their stress patterns—consistently high, decreasing, increasing, and consistently low—assessing their heart health and risk factors.
  • Findings indicated that higher stress levels were linked to greater cardiometabolic risks, with those experiencing consistently high stress being at the highest risk for obesity and other health issues in adulthood.
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Objective: To compare the consistency of endometrial receptivity array (ERA) and histologic dating among 3 spatially distinct endometrial samples obtained during a cycle of exogenous estrogen and progesterone.

Design: Prospective blinded study.

Setting: University practice.

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Purpose: This article provides an update to the 2018 Spina Bifida Association's Transition to Adult Care Guidelines.

Methods: A workgroup of topic experts was convened including authors from the initial guideline workgroup. The workgroup reviewed and updated the primary, secondary, and tertiary outcome goals, clinical questions, and guideline recommendations based on a literature review.

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Introduction: We examined whether a combined measure of neighborhood greenspace and neighborhood median income was associated with white matter hyperintensity (WMH) and ventricle size changes.

Methods: The sample included 1260 cognitively normal ≥ 65-year-olds with two magnetic resonance images (MRI; ≈ 5 years apart). WMH and ventricular size were graded from 0 (least) to 9 (most) abnormal (worsening = increase of ≥1 grade from initial to follow-up MRI scans).

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Non-invasive in-utero quantification of vascular reactivity in human placenta.

Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol

April 2024

Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Objective: Placental vascular reactivity (PlVR) indicates the ability of the placental vasculature to match blood supply to fetal demand. Many pregnancy disorders alter the characteristics of PlVR, resulting in suboptimal oxygen delivery, although current understanding is limited by the lack of non-invasive, repeatable methods to measure PlVR in utero. Our objective was to quantify PlVR by measuring the placental response to transient changes in maternal carbon dioxide (CO) using blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

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Despite the high prevalence of psychiatric illness in hospitalised dermatology patients, characterisation of psychiatric comorbidities on an inpatient dermatology consultation service in the United States has yet to be performed. To fill this gap in knowledge, we investigated the prevalence of and factors associated with psychiatric illness on the inpatient dermatology consultation service at the University of Southern California. Of the 429 patients seen by the dermatology consultation service between June 2021 to July 2022, 147 (34%) had psychiatric illness (defined as having at least 1 psychiatric diagnosis).

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Objectives: To identify changes in otolaryngologists' opioid prescribing trends for Medicare beneficiaries associated with the enactment of state laws that limit the duration of prescriptions to 3-7 days in the years 2016 and 2017 in the United States.

Methods: Through the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) database, we retrieved data on Medicare enrollment and on the total days prescribed and total number of beneficiaries for the drugs codeine/acetaminophen, hydrocodone/acetaminophen, oxycodone HCl, oxycodone/acetaminophen, and tramadol HCl, by each otolaryngologist prescriber in 13 states from January 2013 to December 2019. We modeled trends using linear spline regression models that controlled for Medicare beneficiaries' state-level socio-demographic characteristics' fixed effects.

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Middle Fossa Approach for Resection of a Petrous Bone Hemangioma Compressing the Geniculate Ganglion.

World Neurosurg

October 2023

Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Semmes Murphey Neurologic & Spine Institute, Memphis, Tennessee, USA. Electronic address:

Facial nerve hemangiomas are a rare entity of skull base lesions that arise within the temporal bone and affect the seventh cranial nerve. They are vascular malformations arising from the vascular plexuses surrounding the nerve. Although slow growing and overall benign in nature, they can cause significant facial nerve dysfunction even at small sizes.

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Objectives: Age-related changes to the larynx are associated with dysphonia and contribute to reduced quality of life. This study utilizes recurrent laryngeal motor nerve conduction studies (rlMNCS) to determine if neurophysiologic changes occur in the aging larynx using an aging rat model.

Study Design: Animal study.

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Introduction: This study explored the ability of plasma amyloid beta (Aβ)42/Aβ40 to identify brain amyloid deposition in cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals.

Methods: Plasma Aβ was quantified with an antibody-free high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method from Araclon Biotech (ABtest-MS) in a subset of 731 CU individuals from the screening visit of the Anti-Amyloid Treatment in Asymptomatic Alzheimer's (A4) Study, to assess associations of Aβ42/Aβ40 with Aβ positron emission tomography (PET).

Results: A model including Aβ42/Aβ40, age, apolipoprotein E ε4, and recruitment site identified Aβ PET status with an area under the curve of 0.

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Objective: To understand the effect of age on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with hearing loss and determine how primary language mediates this relationship.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: General otolaryngology clinic in Los Angeles.

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Article Synopsis
  • Updated data on chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are essential for preventing and controlling these conditions as part of achieving the UN's goal of reducing premature mortality from non-communicable diseases by 2030.
  • From 1990 to 2019, global, regional, and national estimates were analyzed for various CRDs, including COPD and asthma, to assess their impact on mortality, disability, and overall prevalence.
  • In 2019, CRDs resulted in 4 million deaths and 454.6 million cases worldwide, with conditions like COPD being the leading cause of death among CRDs, despite a decline in age-standardized rates for most diseases over the period analyzed.
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Longitudinal multimodal biomarker studies reveal that the continuum of Alzheimer's disease (AD) includes a long latent phase, referred to as preclinical AD, which precedes the onset of symptoms by decades. Treatment during the preclinical AD phase offers an optimal opportunity for slowing the progression of disease. However, trial design in this population is complex.

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The capture of tumour-derived extracellular vesicles (TEVs) by cells in the tumour microenvironment (TME) contributes to metastasis and notably to the formation of the pre-metastatic niche (PMN). However, due to the challenges associated with modelling release of small EVs in vivo, the kinetics of PMN formation in response to endogenously released TEVs have not been examined. Here, we have studied the endogenous release of TEVs in mice orthotopically implanted with metastatic human melanoma (MEL) and neuroblastoma (NB) cells releasing GFP-tagged EVs (GFTEVs) and their capture by host cells to demonstrate the active contribution of TEVs to metastasis.

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